Cardiometabolic diseases share many modifiable risk factors. However, periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory condition of the gums, is a risk factor that is rarely publicized. This systematic review aims to evaluate the impact of oral hygiene practices on the risk, incidence, and/or mortality rate of cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Searches were conducted using MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and CINHAL. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-RCTs, and observational studies were included. Eligible studies reported on associations of toothbrushing, interdental cleaning, mouthwash, or toothpaste use, either alone or in combination with CVD, CKD, and/or T2DM outcomes in adults ≥ 18 years. Fifty-five studies were included. Cochrane’s risk of bias tool and the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale were used for quality assessment. Data synthesis is narratively presented. Toothbrushing and interdental cleaning were associated with lower risk of developing T2DM or hypertension HR 0.54 [p < 0.001] and a lower mortality risk in those with CVD HR = 0.25 [p = 0.03]. Mouthwash use reportedly increased the risk of developing hypertension and diabetes by 85% and 55%, respectively. This review highlights how simple oral hygiene practices can reduce cardiometabolic risk. Non-dental clinicians could integrate the findings into chronic disease health promotion.

Background: Afghanistan's recent shift in political landscape has intensified gender‐based challenges. The restrictive gender norms and practices have profound implications for the well‐being of Afghan women and girls. Among dental professionals, there is limited awareness about the trauma and barriers that impact a refugee's ability to access or commit to oral health care. Objectives: This scoping review protocol will explore and conceptualize the current knowledge surrounding barriers that refugee women from Afghanistan experience in accessing oral health care. Methods: Databases including Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and CINAHL, supplemented by a manual search of reference lists and grey literature search to locate studies reporting on the barriers to accessing oral health care in refugee women and girls from Afghanistan. Two independent reviewers will screen titles, abstracts, and complete full‐text reviews, with data extraction confirmed by a third reviewer. Findings from our scoping review will be presented using a PRISMA‐SCR diagram and thematic narrative synthesis. Expected Outcomes: The findings from this scoping review will highlight the current knowledge gap and inform an educational package for oral health therapy students in Australia, focused on overcoming barriers and providing culturally sensitive care for Afghan refugee women and girls.