To achieve its goal of providing higher communication capacity, 5G technology needs larger bandwidth availability, which is quite hard to be met in middle and low frequency bands. millimeter Wave (mmWave) has emerged as a solution for bandwidth scarcity on microwave bands frequencies. As one of its property is the short wavelength, mmWave is suitable for massive MIMO. Even though mmWave experience higher path loss, massive MIMO system can provide sufficient gains to compensate the serious signal attenuation by using the precoding technique. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of multi-user massive MIMO system over the mmWave channel. The geometric Saleh-Valenzuela (S-V) model is employed to characterize small scale fading of mmWave massive MIMO channel. To further boost system performance and capacity of 5G communication system, we combine multi-user massive MIMO technique to GFDM waveform. As one of the new waveform candidates for 5G, previous studies suggest that GFDM displays better performance compared to OFDM. RZF precoding is employed to the transmitter side of a multi-user massive MIMO-GFDM system. BER performance are evaluated with different configurations of GFDM system and antenna parameters. Simulation results show that configuration with smaller roll-off factor (γ) achieves lowest BER. The combination of number of subcarrier and sub-symbol also contributes in BER performance. Higher number of BS antenna provides better BER value under low SNR. Overall, among the proposed configuration, massive MIMO-GFDM with K×M = 64×4 and γ = 0.1 outperforms others.

Maritime wireless communication establishment in the seas of Indonesia has already been under investigation. It is useful for supporting some activities in the sea, such as monitoring and surveillance, fishery, and exploration. Propagation characteristics in maritime environment is different from one in the land therefore needed to be studied more. One important aspect in maritime radio propagation is path loss caused by sea movement. Sea movement in the seas of Indonesia varies from smooth to rough according to Douglas sea scale. The rougher the sea movement, the severer the path loss that happens in radio propagation. In this paper, the effect of path loss to the performance of wireless communication in maritime environment is investigated. Simulations based on some scenarios of propagation are also performed and analyzed.

V2X communication technology is expected to improve road safety and optimize transportation efficiency. Safety message broadcasting is in need of high reliability and requires real-time communications between vehicles under adverse environments. In this study, we evaluate IEEE 802.11p MAC protocol performance in terms of packet delivery ratio (PDR), by means of simulation and analysis. Analytical expression of PDR is derived for packets with exponential and deterministic inter-arrival time by taking hidden terminal problem into account as the major cause of performance degradation. Furthermore, the effects of various data rate, packet arrival rate, and packet size towards PDR performance are evaluated. Numerical and simulation results show how packet delivery ratio (PDR) drops dramatically in cases with hidden problem nodes.

Research on autonomous vehicle is growing rapidly in recent years. Its ability to navigate without solely depending on a driver enables various applications from daily transportation to high risk expedition. In the navigation system of autonomous vehicle, pedestrian detection plays a fundamental role to avoid accident causing human fatalities. In this paper, we propose a pedestrian detection system using the Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). This system is designed for use in limited campus area i.e. roads connecting campus buildings. We collected 2000 image samples of roads with or without people passing by. We used 90% of those samples for training the model, while another 10% was used for testing. The model is able to distinguish the number of people on the road in the field of view from zero to four people with the accuracy of 98.00%.

Low-resolution (LR) imagery poses significant challenges to object detection systems, particularly in autonomous and resource-constrained environments where bandwidth and sensor quality are limited. To address this issue, this paper presents an integrated framework that enhances object detection performance by incorporating a Super-Resolution (SR) preprocessing stage prior to detection. Specifically, a Dense Residual Connected Transformer (DRCT) is employed to reconstruct high-resolution (HR) images from LR inputs, effectively restoring fine-grained structural and textural information essential for accurate detection. The reconstructed HR images are subsequently processed by a YOLOv11 detector without requiring architectural modifications. Experimental evaluations demonstrate consistent improvements across multiple scaling factors, with an average increase of 13.4% in Mean Average Precision (mAP)@50 at ×2 upscaling and 9.7% at ×4 compared with direct LR detection. These results validate the effectiveness of the proposed SR-based preprocessing approach in mitigating the adverse effects of image degradation. The proposed method provides an improved yet computationally challenging solution for object detection.

Radar is one of the sensors that have significant attention to be implemented in an autonomous vehicle since its robustness under many possible environmental conditions such as fog, rain, and poor light. However, the implementation risks interference because of transmitting and/or receiving radar signals from/to other vehicles. This interference will increase the floor noise that can mask the target signal. This paper proposes multiplicative-adaptive filtering and Hilbert transform to mitigate the interference effect and maintain the target signal detectability. The method exploited the trade-off between the step-size and sidelobe effect on the least mean square-based adaptive filtering to improve the target detection accuracy, especially in the long-range case. The numerical analysis on the millimeter-wave frequency modulated continuous wave radar with multiple interferers concluded that the proposed method could maintain and enhance the target signal even if the target range is relatively far from the victim radar.