Breast cancer remains one of the most prevalent and life-threatening diseases among women worldwide. Early and accurate diagnosis have been shown to enhance treatment effectiveness and patient survival rates. This study presents an enhanced breast cancer classification framework by leveraging Machine Learning (ML) techniques and feature selection methods. The methodology involves data preprocessing, feature selection using the Binary Particle Swarm Optimization (BPSO), and classification through advanced ML models, including Random Forest (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), Gradient Boosting (GB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and Naive Bayes (NB). The proposed approach is rigorously evaluated using key performance metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and ROC-AUC. By reducing the feature set from 30 to 13, BPSO enhances both model efficiency and predictive performance. Among the classifiers evaluated, RF achieved the highest accuracy of 99.2%, accompanied by a perfect ROC-AUC score of 1.0. The results demonstrate the potential of ML-driven breast cancer classification in revolutionizing healthcare by enabling more accurate, efficient, and personalized treatment strategies.

Background: Cisplatin (CIS) is a broad-spectrum anticancer drug, with cytotoxic effects on either malignant or normal cells. We aimed to evaluate the hepatotoxicity in rats caused by CIS and its amelioration by the co-administration of either curcumin or resveratrol. Materials and Methods: Forty adult male rats divided into four equal groups: (control group): rats were given a saline solution (0.9%) once intraperitoneally, daily for the next 28 days; (cisplatin group): rats were given a daily oral dose of saline solution (0.9%) for 28 days after receiving a single dose of cisplatin (3.3 mg/kg) intraperitoneally for three successive days; (CIS plus curcumin/resveratrol groups): rats received the same previous dose of cisplatin (3.3 mg/kg) daily for three successive days followed by oral administration of either curcumin/resveratrol solution at a dose of (20 mg/kg) or (10 mg/kg) consequently daily for 28 days. Different laboratory tests (ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin, oxidative stress markers) and light microscopic investigations were done. Results: Administration of CIS resulted in hepatotoxicity in the form of increased liver enzymes, oxidative stress markers; degenerative and apoptotic changes, the co-administration of CIS with either curcumin or resveratrol improved hepatotoxicity through improved microscopic structural changes, reduction in liver enzymes activity, decreased oxidative stress markers, improved degenerative, and apoptotic changes in liver tissues. Conclusion: Co-administration of either curcumin or resveratrol with cisplatin treatment could ameliorate hepatotoxicity caused by cisplatin in rats via anti-inflammatory and oxidative stress-apoptotic pathways.

BACKGROUND: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver disease affecting nearly 25% of adults worldwide with related risk factors including obesity, metabolic, and inflammatory diseases. Many therapeutic remedies of natural or synthetic properties were used. AIM: This study aimed to investigate and compare the effects of ginger/rosuvastatin (ROSU) on the liver of rats with induced NAFLD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty adult male albino rats were used in this study and divided into four equal subgroups, Group I, control received the standard rat chow diet and given normal saline (1 ml/kg/day), Group II, high-fat diet (HFD) group, Group III, received HFD+ ROSU (15 mg/kg/day), and Group IV, HFD+ Zingiber officinale (10% W/V) for 6 weeks. At the end of our experiment, the rats were sacrificed then blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis of lipid profiles and liver enzymes, liver specimen was prepared for light and electron microscopic examination, and measurement of tissue level of malondialdehyde. RESULTS: NAFLD caused degenerative changes and lipid deposition in liver cells as evidenced by microscopic results and laboratory tests. Treatment with ginger/ROSU alleviated those changes. CONCLUSION: Ginger and ROSU could ameliorate liver functions in NAFLD and ginger effect is superior to ROSU.

Background: Urogenital infection is generally regarded as a silent epidemic. It is one of the major public health problems among women that causes a considerable proportion of gynecological morbidity and maternal mortality in developing countries.Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of an educational program on women’s knowledge and practices about urogenital infection.Methods: A quasi-experimental research design was utilized in this study and was implemented at El Hadaka Maternity and Children’s Hospital (MCH) in Fayoum, Egypt. A purposive sample consisting of 50 women with ages ranging from 30 to 45 years old was considered for this study.Two tools were used to conduct this study: a structured interview questionnaire consisting of the respondents’ demographic characteristics, knowledge, and practices regarding urogenital infection and a scale that aimed to assess their lifestyle.Results: The results revealed that 96% of the women have unsatisfactory knowledge about urogenital infection during the pre-intervention stage, 94% of them have satisfactory knowledge post-intervention, and 90% of them have satisfactory knowledge at follow-up, with a highly statistically significant difference at p-value < 0.01. The results also showed that 82% of the respondents have unsatisfactory practices at pre-intervention, 96% have satisfactory practices at post-intervention, and 98% of them have satisfactory practices at follow-up, with a highly statistically significant difference at p-value < 0.01.Conclusion: There was a significant improvement in women's knowledge and practices related to urogenital infection post-intervention and at follow-up with a p-value < 0.01. Likewise, a high positive correlation between total lifestyle, level of knowledge, and practices was noted during the pretest with a p-value < 0.01.There is a need to provide different educational programs regarding knowledge and self-care practices for women with urogenital infection in different women's care settings.

To assess the structural and biochemical effects induced by exposure to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) on salivary glands of albino rats, and to evaluate the role of pumpkin extract (Pump) in ameliorating this effect. Four groups (n=10 each) of male albino rats were included in this study: the control, CUMS, Fluoxetine-treated and Pump-treated. The corticosterone, the pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and the oxidant/antioxidant profile were all assessed in the serum. The level of BDNF mRNA was measured in the salivary glands using qRT-PCR. Histopathological changes of the salivary glands were also assessed. The depressive-like status was confirmed behaviorally and biochemically. Exposure to CUMS significantly up-regulated (p<0.001) the level of serum corticosterone. CUMS induced degenerative changes in the secretory and ductal elements of the salivary glands evident by increased apoptosis. Both Fluoxetine and Pumpkin significantly up-regulated (p<0.001) BDNF expression in the salivary glands and ameliorated the CUMS-induced histopathological and biochemical alterations in the salivary glands. Pumpkin significantly (p<0.001) increased the serum levels of antioxidant enzymes SOD, GPX and CAT, and reduced the serum levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6. Pumpkin ameliorates the depressive-like status induced in rats following exposure to chronic stress through exerting a promising anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-depressant-like effects. The pumpkin, subsequently, improved stress-induced structural changes in the salivary glands that might be due to up-regulation of BDNF expression in the glands.

Background: Drug addiction is a serious public health concern. Tramadol addiction and dependence have been documented in recent years, most commonly in young adults, making tramadol use a significant health concern. The study investigated the long-term effects of tramadol intoxication on the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) system and tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes ...