The construction and demolition sectors are among the world’s most critical activities, generating large amounts of waste. Thus, these sectors’ waste accumulation problem is related to the environmental protection system and proper waste management. On the other hand, it is well known that proper waste disposal can increase its value. In this way, the economic potential of the trash can be raised again. Therefore, this article will examine the economic potential of construction and demolition (C & D) waste. Different waste management processes will be analyzed to better understand the topic from a financial perspective in this area underway in Spain. Therefore, data from other regions of Spain were collected. This data led to results where the most expensive rooms were Pais Vasco and the Balearic Islands, where disposal of C & D waste had the highest prices, exceeding EUR 30 per ton. Conversely, the lowest prices are found in regions such as Navarre and Andalusia, where prices per ton are EUR 8 and EUR 6, respectively. The values show a direct relationship between the treatment price and the amount of C & D waste disposed of. Therefore, this article will look at different factors influencing sustainable waste management. Such activities have a positive impact, as waste needs to be recycled and reevaluated by waste management operators. The cost of construction waste is an integral part of the budget because it represents the monetary value of the cost of collecting and recycling construction waste. Construction waste is an essential resource for economic and social development, as it contributes to job creation, education and culture, and the protection and preservation of the environment.

Rural depopulation and the abandonment of historic settlements are pressing challenges for contemporary spatial planning, particularly in regions with a rich architectural and cultural heritage. This article examines the ruins of Moya, in Cuenca (Spain), as a case study to develop an integrated rural revitalisation strategy. The research combines historical building analysis, assessment of structural deterioration, and planning for economic reactivation to create a comprehensive framework for transforming abandoned sites into a viable cultural resource. The proposed model favours temporary and flexible occupation over permanent repopulation, promoting forms of use that respect and preserve the site’s historical identity. The approach builds on principles of activating monumental heritage, integrating the vernacular fabric, and organising the site into distinct functional areas. Moya is thus presented not only as an example of abandonment, but also as a replicable prototype for intervention in other declining rural environments, where heritage can serve as a strategic resource for sustainable development and territorial cohesion. The main objectives are to develop and test an integrated strategy for rural regeneration that goes beyond physical restoration, combining adaptive reuse, heritage conservation, and educational and cultural programmes to stimulate the local economy and reinforce territorial identity. The approach is evaluated through the case of Moya and contrasted with other national and international experiences to assess its replicability.

Historic masonry churches are highly vulnerable to structural degradation and seismic hazards due to their geometric complexity, material ageing, and lack of detailed construction records. The Church of Santos Juanes in Valencia, a monument of exceptional historical and architectural value, presents these challenges, intensified by centuries of transformations and partial loss of documentation. In this study, we develop a comprehensive methodology that integrates historical research, non-destructive testing (3D laser scanning with Leica Geosystems Cyclone v9.1.1; infrared thermography, commercial software; ground-penetrating radar with gprMax 2016 and GPR-SLICE v7.MT), and advanced finite element modelling (Angle v1). The integrated survey data enabled the creation of an accurate 3D geometric model, the detection of hidden construction elements, and the characterisation of subsoil stratigraphy. Structural simulations under static and seismic loading—considering soil–structure interaction—revealed the high global stiffness of the complex, the influence of the Baroque vault on load distribution, and localised vulnerabilities, particularly in the San Juan ‘O’ façade, which coincide with existing cracks confirmed by thermography. This methodological framework not only advances the diagnosis and conservation of Santos Juanes but also provides a replicable model for assessing and safeguarding other heritage buildings with similar typological and structural challenges.

Digital skills for workplace mentors in construction sector apprenticeships (CONDAP)

The deterioration of architectural façades highlights the need for systematic procedures that ensure reliable diagnostic processes. This article presents a generalisable methodology for the metric documentation, graphic representation and pathological classification of façades. The approach combines distortion-free surveys with standardised recording sheets that register constructive information and characterise the type, location, severity and probable causes of damages. The method integrates geometric, material and symptomatic data into a structured system that enables a pathological reading of the façade and supports the identification of relationships between deterioration patterns and constructive or environmental factors. By applying predefined representation criteria, the procedure reduces subjectivity and improves diagnostic consistency. The resulting methodology provides a reproducible analytical framework applicable to diverse architectural contexts and useful for conservation planning and comparative studies of building envelopes

El presente se encuentra caracterizado por un cambio sin precedentes, conocido como la Tercera Revolución Industrial, donde se va dando forma a nuevas