The objective of the present study was to investigate metal(loid)s in soils, in the trunk xylem sap and in the leaves of the Dipteryx alata plant located near the highway with high vehicle traffic in agricultural regions and near landfills, and to assess the transfer of metal(loid)s from soil to plant and possible health risk assessment. Trunk xylem sap, leaves and soil samples were collected at three sites near the highway. The analysis of trace elements was carried out using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP OES). In the three soil sampling sites far from the highway edge, 15 elements were quantified. The concentrations of elements in the soil presented in greater proportions in the distance of 5 m in relation to 20 and 35 m. The metal(loid)s content in the study soil was higher than in other countries. The concentrations of Al, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, P, Se and Zn in the xylem sap were much higher than the leaves. The values of transfer factor of P, Mg and Mn from soil to the xylem sap and transfer factor of P from soil to leaf were greater than 1, indicating that the specie have a significant phytoremediation and phytoextraction potential. This plant has a tendency to accumulate As, Cd and Cr in its leaf tissues. The chronic hazard index (HI) values recorded in this study were above 1 for adults and adolescents. It is concluded that the soil, the trunk xylem sap and leaves of this plant are contaminated by heavy metals. Ingestion of the trunk xylem sap of this plant can cause toxicity in humans if ingested in large quantities and in the long term; therefore, its consumption should be avoided.

Aquaculture allows sustainable fish farming to meet global demand; however, fish feed can contain mycotoxins and contaminate animals and humans. Bentonites are clayey materials composed mainly of montmorillonite and are used to reduce or diminish the toxicity of aflatoxins to animals and humans. In this sense, new cheap technologies from natural resources are necessary for controlling fungi and mycotoxins in food. However, information on the potential adverse effects on fish health and performance caused by adding bentonite clays to reduce mycotoxin exposure is scarce. Thus, this systematic review aims to analyze recent studies focusing on the use of bentonite clays as adsorbent materials for mycotoxins in fish feed. In this systematic evaluation of the literature on the subject, which was conducted in Cochrane, Science Direct, PubMed, and Scopus, 1,878 publications from the last 10 years were found, but 1,871 of them were excluded, leading to the selection of only seven for this study. The articles were classified according to the main theme of fish detoxification, the use of natural or chemically modified bentonite clays through adsorbents to remove mycotoxins. The results of the risk of bias analysis of the included studies (seven) were carried out according to the Down and Black criteria. The studies showed that hematological parameters such as total serum protein, albumin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, N‐urea, and creatinine were altered in some fish species due to contamination by aflatoxin B1 in the diet. On the other hand, the use of bentonite reveals that it has the potential to reduce the effects of aflatoxicosis in fish, causing an increase in body weight, changes in serum enzymes related to humoral immunity, and changes in gill morphology and liver tissue. Contamination of fish diets (especially tilapia) by aflatoxins B1 produces severe changes in all investigated parameters and is extremely dangerous for fish productivity and public health. It was observed that adding clays to tilapia diets reduces the effects of aflatoxicosis while improving economic output and lowering health hazards by adsorbing aflatoxins B1. Thus, the use of bentonite clays is one of the most promising decontamination techniques that can be used by pisciculture.

This study aimed to assess the pollution levels, sources, ecological risk, and human health risks of metal(loid)s in water, sediment, and muscle tissue of Prochilodus lineatus and Pimelodus maculatus from rivers in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The metal(loid)s content in river sediment, water, and fish tissue were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Sediment pollution assessment was carried out by geo-accumulation index, contamination factor, enrichment factor, and pollution load index. There were significant differences in concentration values for Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, and Hg. There was greater tendency for the elements Cu, Ni, Cu, N, Co, As, Hg, Al, and Co in the waters of the Anhanduí River in 2020 and Cr and Pb in 2021. The concentrations of As, Cd, Co, Cr, and Hg in the waters of the Anhanduí River are above the permitted limit values for heavy metal ions in drinking water established by the WHO. The concentrations of heavy metals in the sediments of rivers are above the limit set by Conama/Brazil and other countries. The sediments were very highly contaminated by Cd and Mo, and with moderate contamination of Pb. All sediments of rivers showed a decline in site quality, which indicates that it is polluted. Sediments were classified with severe enrichment by Cd and Mo. The content of Al was the highest in P. lineatus and P. maculatus in relation to other elements analyzed. There was also the presence of elements such as Cr, Cu, Cd, Hg, Ni, As, Pb, Mo, and Co in the tissues of the fish species. Therefore, the contamination of these rivers is a concern due to human consumption of fish, since there is a carcinogenic risk related mainly to As and Cd.

A cirurgia geral permanece como um dos pilares fundamentais da prática cirúrgica contemporânea, enfrentando desafios significativos relacionados à segurança do paciente, manejo perioperatório, inovação tecnológica e desigualdades no acesso ao cuidado. Este estudo realizou uma revisão integrativa da literatura, utilizando as bases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, LILACS, SciELO e Cochrane Library, com descritores padronizados e critérios de inclusão focados em artigos publicados entre 2014 e 2025. A análise identificou lacunas relacionadas a complicações pós-operatórias, duração de internação prolongada, desperdício de recursos e variabilidade de práticas cirúrgicas. As intervenções mais eficazes incluíram protocolos de cirurgia segura, uso de cirurgia minimamente invasiva, equipes multidisciplinares e programas de recuperação rápida (fast‑track), além de educação do paciente. Entretanto, foram observados desafios como resistência à mudança institucional, limitações de infraestrutura, custo elevado das novas tecnologias e disparidades regionais. Conclui-se que otimizar a cirurgia geral exige adoção coordenada de práticas baseadas em evidência, capacitação contínua, padronização de processos, uso criterioso da tecnologia e políticas de saúde que promovam equidade. Essas medidas têm potencial para melhorar desfechos clínicos, reduzir complicações e custos, e elevar a qualidade assistencial em diferentes contextos.

This paper discusses bioethics and public health care of people with physical disabilities. Proposing to think about the importance of Bioethics insert themselves in the context of disability and include it in its context, taking the family as a reference. The subject is increasingly relevant, as are many obvious changes, challenges, and achievements for these people in recent years. It is a literature search, which used books, journal articles, and websites specialized area. In this paper, we find growth concerning acquiring autonomy and conquering their spaces. Much has been discussed about health and the matter is still far from being exhausted because the concept of health has become increasingly widespread over time and becoming synonymous with the necessities of life. In this context, it is clear the importance and urgency of producing research in the area of Public Health so that appropriate action can be mobilized and be closer to reality and appropriate social and basic needs of life of the disabled, therefore the lack of information and knowledge of the people on issues concerning the disabled brings a big problem for the Brazilian population, in most cases, only after being attacked a case of deficiency in the family that is seeking to demolish prejudice and mobilize forces for the recognition and legitimization of the rights of PPD, which in the short and immediate term is impossible to achieve if the goal is to achieve concrete and sustainable results. DOI: https://doi.org/10.56238/colleinternhealthscienv1-014