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Prof. Chiara Bedon
University of Trieste, Department of Engineering and Architecture, Trieste, Italy

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0 Design
0 Glass
0 Structural Engineering
0 Experiments
0 Seismic Analysis

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Materials and Structural Engineering
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Seismic Analysis

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Journal article
Published: 23 August 2021 in Symmetry
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Given the growing spread of glass as a construction material, the knowledge of structural response must be ensured, especially under dynamic accidental loads. In this regard, an increasingly popular method to probabilistically characterize the seismic response of a given structure is based on the use of “fragility” or “seismic vulnerability” curves. Most existing applications, however, typically refer to construction and structural members composed of traditional building materials. The present study extends and adapts such a calculation method to innovative structural glass systems, which are characterized by specific material properties and expected damage mechanisms, restraint details, and dynamic features. Suitable Engineering Demand Parameters (EDPs) for seismic design are thus required. In this paper, a major advantage is represented by the use of Cloud Analysis in the Cornell’s reliability method, for the seismic assessment of two different case-study glass systems. Cloud Analysis is known to represent a simple and immediate tool to analytically investigate a given (glass) structure by taking into account variations in seismic motions and uncertainties of structural parameters. Such a method is exploited by means of detailed three-dimensional (3D) Finite Element (FE) numerical models and non-linear dynamic analyses (ABAQUS/Standard). Critical issues and typical failure mechanisms for in-plane seismically loaded glass systems are discussed. The validity of reference EDPs are addressed for the examined solutions. Based on a broad seismic investigation (60 records in total), fragility curves are developed from parametric results, so as to support a multi-hazard performance-based design (PBD) procedure.

ACS Style

Silvana Mattei; Chiara Bedon. Analytical Fragility Curves for Seismic Design of Glass Systems Based on Cloud Analysis. Symmetry 2021, 13, 1541 .

AMA Style

Silvana Mattei, Chiara Bedon. Analytical Fragility Curves for Seismic Design of Glass Systems Based on Cloud Analysis. Symmetry. 2021; 13 (8):1541.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Silvana Mattei; Chiara Bedon. 2021. "Analytical Fragility Curves for Seismic Design of Glass Systems Based on Cloud Analysis." Symmetry 13, no. 8: 1541.

Journal article
Published: 18 August 2021 in Sustainability
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Current standards for seismic-resistant buildings provide recommendations for various structural systems, but no specific provisions are given for structural glass. As such, the seismic design of joints and members could result in improper sizing and non-efficient solutions, or even non-efficient calculation procedures. An open issue is represented by the lack of reliable and generalized performance limit indicators (or “engineering demand parameters”, EDPs) for glass structures, which represent the basic input for seismic analyses or q-factor estimates. In this paper, special care is given to the q-factor assessment for glass frames under in-plane seismic loads. Major advantage is taken from efficient finite element (FE) numerical simulations to support the local/global analysis of mechanical behaviors. From extensive non-linear dynamic parametric calculations, numerical outcomes are discussed based on three different approaches that are deeply consolidated for ordinary structural systems. Among others, the cloud analysis is characterized by high computational efficiency, but requires the definition of specific EDPs, as well as the choice of reliable input seismic signals. In this regard, a comparative parametric study is carried out with the support of the incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) approach for the herein called “dynamic” (M1) and “mixed” (M2) procedures, towards the linear regression of cloud analysis data (M3). Potential and limits of selected calculation methods are hence discussed, with a focus on sample size, computational cost, estimated mechanical phenomena, and predicted q-factor estimates for a case study glass frame.

ACS Style

Silvana Mattei; Marco Fasan; Chiara Bedon. On the Use of Cloud Analysis for Structural Glass Members under Seismic Events. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9291 .

AMA Style

Silvana Mattei, Marco Fasan, Chiara Bedon. On the Use of Cloud Analysis for Structural Glass Members under Seismic Events. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):9291.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Silvana Mattei; Marco Fasan; Chiara Bedon. 2021. "On the Use of Cloud Analysis for Structural Glass Members under Seismic Events." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 9291.

Research article
Published: 30 May 2021 in Advances in Structural Engineering
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Experimental out-of-plane, four-points bending tests were performed on two series of three-layered Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) panels made of Calabrian Beech and Calabrian Beech and Corsican Pine respectively. The predominant failure mechanism was rolling shear alongthe innerlayer and the glue line. A linear elastic model of a three-layered, CLT panel was developed to describe the stress distribution in CLT slabs in bending, with a focus on their load-bearing performance before the propagation of cracks. In the analytical model, each timber layer was defined as an Euler-Bernoulli beam. The two glue lines were modeled using extensional springs, infinitely rigid in the direction perpendicular to the beam’s axis, and with a defined stiffness in the tangential direction. The outer layers are assumed axially flexible whilethe innerone is regarded as axially rigid. The results of the proposed model were thus compared and validated with the experimental evidence and with additional FE numerical predictions given by 3D numerical simulations carried out in Abaqus.

ACS Style

Martina Sciomenta; Angelo Di Egidio; Chiara Bedon; Massimo Fragiacomo. Linear model to describe the working of a three layers CLT strip slab: Experimental and numerical validation. Advances in Structural Engineering 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Martina Sciomenta, Angelo Di Egidio, Chiara Bedon, Massimo Fragiacomo. Linear model to describe the working of a three layers CLT strip slab: Experimental and numerical validation. Advances in Structural Engineering. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Martina Sciomenta; Angelo Di Egidio; Chiara Bedon; Massimo Fragiacomo. 2021. "Linear model to describe the working of a three layers CLT strip slab: Experimental and numerical validation." Advances in Structural Engineering , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 26 May 2021 in Infrastructures
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The number of effective factors and their nonlinear behaviour—mainly the nonlinear effect of the factors on concrete properties—has led researchers to employ complex models such as artificial neural networks (ANNs). The compressive strength is certainly a prominent characteristic for design and analysis of concrete structures. In this paper, 1030 concrete samples from literature are considered to model accurately and efficiently the compressive strength. To this aim, a Feed-Forward (FF) neural network is employed to model the compressive strength based on eight different factors. More in detail, the parameters of the ANN are learned using the bat algorithm (BAT). The resulting optimized model is thus validated by comparative analyses towards ANNs optimized with a genetic algorithm (GA) and Teaching-Learning-Based-Optimization (TLBO), as well as a multi-linear regression model, and four compressive strength models proposed in literature. The results indicate that the BAT-optimized ANN is more accurate in estimating the compressive strength of concrete.

ACS Style

Nasrin Aalimahmoody; Chiara Bedon; Nasim Hasanzadeh-Inanlou; Amir Hasanzade-Inallu; Mehdi Nikoo. BAT Algorithm-Based ANN to Predict the Compressive Strength of Concrete—A Comparative Study. Infrastructures 2021, 6, 80 .

AMA Style

Nasrin Aalimahmoody, Chiara Bedon, Nasim Hasanzadeh-Inanlou, Amir Hasanzade-Inallu, Mehdi Nikoo. BAT Algorithm-Based ANN to Predict the Compressive Strength of Concrete—A Comparative Study. Infrastructures. 2021; 6 (6):80.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nasrin Aalimahmoody; Chiara Bedon; Nasim Hasanzadeh-Inanlou; Amir Hasanzade-Inallu; Mehdi Nikoo. 2021. "BAT Algorithm-Based ANN to Predict the Compressive Strength of Concrete—A Comparative Study." Infrastructures 6, no. 6: 80.

Review
Published: 18 May 2021 in Buildings
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The column buckling problem was first investigated by Leonhard Euler in 1757. Since then, numerous efforts have been made to enhance the buckling capacity of slender columns, because of their importance in structural, mechanical, aeronautical, biomedical, and several other engineering fields. Buckling analysis has become a critical aspect, especially in the safety engineering design since, at the time of failure, the actual stress at the point of failure is significantly lower than the material capability to withstand the imposed loads. With the recent advancement in materials and composites, the load-carrying capacity of columns has been remarkably increased, without any significant increase in their size, thus resulting in even more slender compressive members that can be susceptible to buckling collapse. Thus, nonuniformity in columns can be achieved in two ways—either by varying the material properties or by varying the cross section (i.e., shape and size). Both these methods are preferred because they actually inherited the advantage of the reduction in the dead load of the column. Hence, an attempt is made herein to present an abridged review on the buckling analysis of the columns with major emphasis on the buckling of nonuniform and functionally graded columns. Moreover, the paper provides a concise discussion on references that could be helpful for researchers and designers to understand and address the relevant buckling parameters.

ACS Style

Manmohan Goel; Chiara Bedon; Adesh Singh; Ashish Khatri; Laxmikant Gupta. An Abridged Review of Buckling Analysis of Compression Members in Construction. Buildings 2021, 11, 211 .

AMA Style

Manmohan Goel, Chiara Bedon, Adesh Singh, Ashish Khatri, Laxmikant Gupta. An Abridged Review of Buckling Analysis of Compression Members in Construction. Buildings. 2021; 11 (5):211.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manmohan Goel; Chiara Bedon; Adesh Singh; Ashish Khatri; Laxmikant Gupta. 2021. "An Abridged Review of Buckling Analysis of Compression Members in Construction." Buildings 11, no. 5: 211.

Journal article
Published: 14 May 2021 in Buildings
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For engineering applications, human comfort in the built environment depends on several objective aspects that can be mathematically controlled and limited to reference performance indicators. Typical examples include structural, energy and thermal issues, and others. Human reactions, however, are also sensitive to a multitude of aspects that can be associated with design concepts of the so-called “emotional architecture”, through which subjective feelings, nervous states and emotions of end-users are evoked by constructional details. The interactions of several objective and subjective parameters can make the “optimal” building design challenging, and this is especially the case for new technical concepts, constructional materials and techniques. In this paper, a remote experimental methodology is proposed to explore and quantify the prevailing human reactions and psychological comfort trends for building occupants, with a focus on end-users exposed to structural glass environments. Major advantages were taken from the use of virtual visual stimuli and facial expression automatic recognition analysis, and from the active support of 30 volunteers. As shown, while glass is often used in constructions, several intrinsic features (transparency, brittleness, etc.) are responsible for subjective feelings that can affect the overall psychological comfort of users. In this regard, the use of virtual built environments and facial expression analysis to quantify human reactions can represent an efficient system to support the building design process.

ACS Style

Chiara Bedon; Silvana Mattei. Facial Expression-Based Experimental Analysis of Human Reactions and Psychological Comfort on Glass Structures in Buildings. Buildings 2021, 11, 204 .

AMA Style

Chiara Bedon, Silvana Mattei. Facial Expression-Based Experimental Analysis of Human Reactions and Psychological Comfort on Glass Structures in Buildings. Buildings. 2021; 11 (5):204.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chiara Bedon; Silvana Mattei. 2021. "Facial Expression-Based Experimental Analysis of Human Reactions and Psychological Comfort on Glass Structures in Buildings." Buildings 11, no. 5: 204.

Journal article
Published: 19 April 2021 in The Open Civil Engineering Journal
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Background: Existing Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures and brittle buildings are often exposed to seismic events that may have significant resistance and displacement demand compared to their actual capacity. Accordingly, an optimal retrofit intervention can ensure enhanced and safe structural performances for them. Among the techniques that have been addressed for the retrofit of existing RC frames, steel exoskeletons can notoriously improve the seismic performance of existing buildings due to their input stiffness, ductility and resistance. In this paper, the attention is focused on the interaction of steel exoskeletons with RC frames and the consequent details to achieve a more effective design of the retrofit intervention. Objective: Based on parametric calculations, a new hybrid design concept that takes advantage of traditional steel exoskeletons with additional base sliding devices (at the foundation level of the RC frame to retrofit) is addressed in this paper. Methods: As shown through SDOF and 2D-MDOF calculations, the definition of the optimal operational conditions (and thus mechanical configurations) for the so-assembled hybrid solution can maximize the potential of the retrofit intervention, with marked benefits in terms of ductility, resistance, and overall efficiency, ensuring very low damage in the existing building. Results: Given that the used base sliders are bidirectional, it is expected that the proposed solution could be efficiently extended to 3D structures, once the exoskeleton systems are optimally designed along the two principal directions of the hybrid structure to retrofit. Conclusion: The potential of the hybrid approach is shown based on parametric analyses. Furthermore, general design recommendations are proposed for the hybrid solution.

ACS Style

Ljuba Sancin; Chiara Bedon; Claudio Amadio. Novel Design Proposal for the Seismic Retrofit of Existing Buildings with Hybrid Steel Exoskeletons and Base Sliding Devices. The Open Civil Engineering Journal 2021, 15, 74 -90.

AMA Style

Ljuba Sancin, Chiara Bedon, Claudio Amadio. Novel Design Proposal for the Seismic Retrofit of Existing Buildings with Hybrid Steel Exoskeletons and Base Sliding Devices. The Open Civil Engineering Journal. 2021; 15 (1):74-90.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ljuba Sancin; Chiara Bedon; Claudio Amadio. 2021. "Novel Design Proposal for the Seismic Retrofit of Existing Buildings with Hybrid Steel Exoskeletons and Base Sliding Devices." The Open Civil Engineering Journal 15, no. 1: 74-90.

Journal article
Published: 07 April 2021 in Buildings
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The structural design of glass curtain walls and facades is a challenging issue, considering that building envelopes can be subjected extreme design loads. Among others, the soft body impact (SBI) test protocol represents a key design step to protect the occupants. While in Europe the standardized protocol based on the pneumatic twin-tire (TT) impactor can be nowadays supported by Finite Element (FE) numerical simulations, cost-time consuming experimental procedures with the spheroconical bag (SB) impactor are still required for facade producers and manufacturers by several technical committees, for the impact assessment of novel systems. At the same time, validated numerical calibrations for SB are still missing in support of designers and manufacturers. In this paper, an enhanced numerical approach is proposed for curtain walls under SB, based on a coupled methodology inclusive of a computationally efficient two Degree of Freedom (2-DOF) and a more geometrically accurate Finite Element (FE) model. As shown, the SB impactor is characterized by stiffness and dissipation properties that hardly match with ideal rigid elastic assumptions, nor with the TT features. Based on a reliable set of experimental investigations and records, the proposed methodology acts on the time history of the imposed load, which is implicitly calibrated to account for the SB impactor features, once the facade features (flexibility and damping parameters) are known. The resulting calibration of the 2-DOF modelling parameters for the derivation of time histories of impact force is achieved with the support of experimental measurements and FE model of the examined facade. The potential and accuracy of the method is emphasized by the collected experimental and numerical comparisons. Successively, the same numerical approach is used to derive a series of iso-damage curves that could support practical design calculations.

ACS Style

Alessia Bez; Chiara Bedon; Giampiero Manara; Claudio Amadio; Guido Lori. Calibrated Numerical Approach for the Dynamic Analysis of Glass Curtain Walls under Spheroconical Bag Impact. Buildings 2021, 11, 154 .

AMA Style

Alessia Bez, Chiara Bedon, Giampiero Manara, Claudio Amadio, Guido Lori. Calibrated Numerical Approach for the Dynamic Analysis of Glass Curtain Walls under Spheroconical Bag Impact. Buildings. 2021; 11 (4):154.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alessia Bez; Chiara Bedon; Giampiero Manara; Claudio Amadio; Guido Lori. 2021. "Calibrated Numerical Approach for the Dynamic Analysis of Glass Curtain Walls under Spheroconical Bag Impact." Buildings 11, no. 4: 154.

Journal article
Published: 30 March 2021 in Engineering Structures
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Self-Tapping Screws (STSs) are commonly used to realize many geometrical configurations for connections that are characterized by enhanced stiffness and load-carrying capacity. The analysis of STS joints and composite systems, however, usually requires designers to account for several aspects in their actual load transfer mechanisms, and most of them require refined calculation tools. In this paper, an extended Finite Element (FE) investigation is proposed for timber-to-timber slabs with STS joints, based on full 3D brick models inclusive of Cohesive Zone Modelling (CZM) techniques and damage constitutive laws for the materials in use. The final goal of the study takes advantage of the global and local performance assessment of a selection of STS joints, with careful consideration for their response under a conventional Push-Out (PO) test setup or a full-size bending configuration. As shown, major FE outcomes are discussed to elaborate a design procedure that can be developed on the base of correlation coefficients for maximum force and stiffness calculations in a given slab and loading condition. Major effects due to variable loading configurations are in fact explored at the screw level. Further, geometrically simplified spring-based FE models, that hardly capture the complex behaviour of the examined systems but are largely used in design practice, are presented in comparison to refined FE approaches and literature efforts. As shown, the variation of maximum force and stiffness parameters for STSs is emphasized in the paper for a selection of configurations, and fitting curves are proposed to estimate the STS performance along a given full-size slab, thus suggesting the feasibility and possible generalization of the procedure.

ACS Style

Chiara Bedon; Martina Sciomenta; Massimo Fragiacomo. Correlation approach for the Push-Out and full-size bending short-term performances of timber-to-timber slabs with Self-Tapping Screws. Engineering Structures 2021, 238, 112232 .

AMA Style

Chiara Bedon, Martina Sciomenta, Massimo Fragiacomo. Correlation approach for the Push-Out and full-size bending short-term performances of timber-to-timber slabs with Self-Tapping Screws. Engineering Structures. 2021; 238 ():112232.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chiara Bedon; Martina Sciomenta; Massimo Fragiacomo. 2021. "Correlation approach for the Push-Out and full-size bending short-term performances of timber-to-timber slabs with Self-Tapping Screws." Engineering Structures 238, no. : 112232.

Research article
Published: 24 March 2021 in Mathematical Problems in Engineering
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Within multiple design challenges, the lateral torsional buckling (LTB) analysis and stability check of structural glass members is a well-known issue for design. Typical examples can be found not only in glass slabs with slender bracing members but also in facades and walls, where glass fins are used to brace the vertical panels against input pressures. Design loads such as wind suction give place to possible LTB of fins with LR at the tensioned edge and thus require dedicated tools. In the present investigation, the LTB analysis of structural glass fins that are intended to act as bracers for facade panels and restrained via continuous, flexible joints acting as lateral restraints (LRs) is addressed. Geometrically simplified but refined numerical models developed in Abaqus are used to perform a wide parametric study and validate the proposed analytical formulations. Special care is spent for the prediction of the elastic critical buckling moment with LRs, given that it represents the first fundamental parameter for buckling design. However, the LR stiffness and resistance on the one side and the geometrical/mechanical features of the LR glass members on the other side are mutually affected in the final LTB prediction. In the case of laminated glass (LG) members composed of two or more glass panels, moreover, further design challenges arise from the bonding level of the constituent layers. A simplified but rational analytical procedure is thus presented in this paper to support the development of a conservative and standardized LTB stability check for glass fins with LR at the tensioned edge.

ACS Style

Chiara Bedon. Simplified Lateral Torsional Buckling (LTB) Analysis of Glass Fins with Continuous Lateral Restraints at the Tensioned Edge. Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021, 2021, 1 -21.

AMA Style

Chiara Bedon. Simplified Lateral Torsional Buckling (LTB) Analysis of Glass Fins with Continuous Lateral Restraints at the Tensioned Edge. Mathematical Problems in Engineering. 2021; 2021 ():1-21.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chiara Bedon. 2021. "Simplified Lateral Torsional Buckling (LTB) Analysis of Glass Fins with Continuous Lateral Restraints at the Tensioned Edge." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021, no. : 1-21.

Journal article
Published: 17 March 2021 in Applied Sciences
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Bonded-in rods (BiR) represent a structural connection type that is largely used for new timber structures and rehabilitation (repair or reinforcement) of existing structural members. The technology is based on steel / Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) / Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) rods bonded into predrilled holes in timber elements. The mechanical advantages of BiRs include high local force capacity, improved strength, a relatively high stiffness and the possibility of ductile behaviour. They also offer aesthetic benefits, given that rods are hidden in the cross sections of wooden members. As such, BiR connections are regarded as a solution with great potential, but still uncertain design formulations. Several research projects have dealt with BiRs, but a final definition of their mechanics and a universal design procedure is still missing. This research study explores the typical fracture mechanics modes for BiR connections. A special focus is given to the evaluation of the impact of adhesive bonds under various operational conditions (i.e., moisture content of timber). A total of 84 specimens are tested in pull-out setup, and investigated with the support of digital image correlation (DIC). The reliability of empirical equations and a newly developed analytical model in support of design, based on linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM), is also assessed.

ACS Style

Jure Barbalić; Vlatka Rajčić; Chiara Bedon; Michal Budzik. Short-Term Analysis of Adhesive Types and Bonding Mistakes on Bonded-in-Rod (BiR) Connections for Timber Structures. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 2665 .

AMA Style

Jure Barbalić, Vlatka Rajčić, Chiara Bedon, Michal Budzik. Short-Term Analysis of Adhesive Types and Bonding Mistakes on Bonded-in-Rod (BiR) Connections for Timber Structures. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (6):2665.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jure Barbalić; Vlatka Rajčić; Chiara Bedon; Michal Budzik. 2021. "Short-Term Analysis of Adhesive Types and Bonding Mistakes on Bonded-in-Rod (BiR) Connections for Timber Structures." Applied Sciences 11, no. 6: 2665.

Journal article
Published: 05 March 2021 in Applied Sciences
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Top and seat beam-to-column connections are commonly designed to transfer gravitational loads of simply supported steel beams. Nevertheless, the flexural resistance characteristics of these type of connections should be properly taken into account for design, when a reliable analysis of semi-rigid steel structures is desired. In this research paper, different component-based mechanical models from Eurocode 3 (EC3) and a literature proposal (by Kong and Kim, 2017) are considered to evaluate the initial stiffness (Sj,ini ) and ultimate moment capacity (Mn ) of top-seat angle connections with double web angles (TSACWs). An optimized artificial neural network (ANN) model based on the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is proposed in this paper to acquire an informational model from the available literature database of experimental test measurements on TSACWs. In order to evaluate the expected effect of each input parameter (such as the thickness of top flange cleat, the bolt size, etc.) on the mechanical performance and overall moment–rotation (M–θ) response of the selected connections, a sensitivity analysis is presented. The collected comparative results prove the potential of the optimized ANN approach for TSACWs, as well as its accuracy and reliability for the prediction of the characteristic (M–θ) features of similar joints. For most of the examined configurations, higher accuracy is found from the ANN estimates, compared to Eurocode 3- or Kong et al.-based formulations.

ACS Style

Iman Faridmehr; Mehdi Nikoo; Raffaele Pucinotti; Chiara Bedon. Application of Component-Based Mechanical Models and Artificial Intelligence to Bolted Beam-to-Column Connections. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 2297 .

AMA Style

Iman Faridmehr, Mehdi Nikoo, Raffaele Pucinotti, Chiara Bedon. Application of Component-Based Mechanical Models and Artificial Intelligence to Bolted Beam-to-Column Connections. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (5):2297.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Iman Faridmehr; Mehdi Nikoo; Raffaele Pucinotti; Chiara Bedon. 2021. "Application of Component-Based Mechanical Models and Artificial Intelligence to Bolted Beam-to-Column Connections." Applied Sciences 11, no. 5: 2297.

Journal article
Published: 05 March 2021 in Composite Structures
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The lateral torsional buckling (LTB) analysis of glass members is a well-known issue, and can be critical for the design of glass fins that are used to brace slab panels or walls and facades. In this paper, the attention is focused on the LTB analysis of glass fins that are restrained to glass wall panels via continuous, flexible joints able to act as lateral restraints (LRs). Under typical wind pressures, the LTB analysis of fins can be critical for overpressure but especially for suction, given that the LR effect at the compressed or tensioned edge largely modifies. Based on literature efforts, closed-form expressions are presented and validated with the support of geometrically simplified but accurate Finite Element (FE) numerical models. The final result is that for a general configuration, the elastic critical buckling moment of LR fins with tensioned edge restrained can be easily predicted. However, a multitude of parameters can affect the expected effect due to LRs. As such, a simplified linearized formulation is proposed to capture the limit conditions for LRs in a given glass geometry. As shown, the formulations can be used also for laminated glass members, as far as the composite section properties are properly take into account. Finally, worked examples are presented to quantify the potential of LRs for LTB verification purposes.

ACS Style

Chiara Bedon. Lateral-torsional buckling (LTB) method for the design of glass fins with continuous lateral restraints at the tensioned edge. Composite Structures 2021, 266, 113790 .

AMA Style

Chiara Bedon. Lateral-torsional buckling (LTB) method for the design of glass fins with continuous lateral restraints at the tensioned edge. Composite Structures. 2021; 266 ():113790.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chiara Bedon. 2021. "Lateral-torsional buckling (LTB) method for the design of glass fins with continuous lateral restraints at the tensioned edge." Composite Structures 266, no. : 113790.

Journal article
Published: 14 February 2021 in Sustainability
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Alkali-activated products composed of industrial waste materials have shown promising environmentally friendly features with appropriate strength and durability. This study explores the mechanical properties and structural morphology of ternary blended alkali-activated mortars composed of industrial waste materials, including fly ash (FA), palm oil fly ash (POFA), waste ceramic powder (WCP), and granulated blast-furnace slag (GBFS). The effect on the mechanical properties of the Al2O3, SiO2, and CaO content of each binder is investigated in 42 engineered alkali-activated mixes (AAMs). The AAMs structural morphology is first explored with the aid of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy measurements. Furthermore, three different algorithms are used to predict the AAMs mechanical properties. Both an optimized artificial neural network (ANN) combined with a metaheuristic Krill Herd algorithm (KHA-ANN) and an ANN-combined genetic algorithm (GA-ANN) are developed and compared with a multiple linear regression (MLR) model. The structural morphology tests confirm that the high GBFS volume in AAMs results in a high volume of hydration products and significantly improves the final mechanical properties. However, increasing POFA and WCP percentage in AAMs manifests in the rise of unreacted silicate and reduces C-S-H products that negatively affect the observed mechanical properties. Meanwhile, the mechanical features in AAMs with high-volume FA are significantly dependent on the GBFS percentage in the binder mass. It is also shown that the proposed KHA-ANN model offers satisfactory results of mechanical property predictions for AAMs, with higher accuracy than the GA-ANN or MLR methods. The final weight and bias values given by the model suggest that the KHA-ANN method can be efficiently used to design AAMs with targeted mechanical features and desired amounts of waste consumption.

ACS Style

Iman Faridmehr; Chiara Bedon; Ghasan Huseien; Mehdi Nikoo; Mohammad Baghban. Assessment of Mechanical Properties and Structural Morphology of Alkali-Activated Mortars with Industrial Waste Materials. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2062 .

AMA Style

Iman Faridmehr, Chiara Bedon, Ghasan Huseien, Mehdi Nikoo, Mohammad Baghban. Assessment of Mechanical Properties and Structural Morphology of Alkali-Activated Mortars with Industrial Waste Materials. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (4):2062.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Iman Faridmehr; Chiara Bedon; Ghasan Huseien; Mehdi Nikoo; Mohammad Baghban. 2021. "Assessment of Mechanical Properties and Structural Morphology of Alkali-Activated Mortars with Industrial Waste Materials." Sustainability 13, no. 4: 2062.

Journal article
Published: 03 February 2021 in Fire
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In recent years, glass has been a largely used material for load-bearing or non-structural components in buildings and constructions. For this reason, dedicated calculation methods and approaches are required for the major loading and boundary conditions that are of technical interest for safe design purposes. Among others, the resistance and mechanical performance of glass elements under fire exposure still represents an open challenge. This paper elaborates on the failure detection methods for out-of-plane loaded glass panels that are subjected to fire loading and simultaneous mechanical loads. As known, the conventional method for thermal failure detection is based on the maximum temperature gradient in glass, and its comparison with a set of allowable standardized values. However, especially for ordinary glass components in buildings that are required to sustain combined mechanical loads, the overall structural performance is even more complex to predict. This design issue is given to a combination of pure mechanical aspects (i.e., sustained loads and corresponding stress–strain analysis) and thermo-physical phenomena, that depend on the progressive modification of material properties while increasing temperatures. This research study, accordingly, investigates the sensitivity of input parameters on the failure time of a given glass element under fire and sustained mechanical loads. A major advantage is taken from finite element (FE) numerical analyses and standardized failure detection methods of literature, that are selected for comparative purposes. Further, the paper also introduces the “stress approach” that can be used to quantify (in place of the conventional thermal gradient) the actual effects of assigned thermal exposure and mechanical loads.

ACS Style

Marcin Kozłowski; Chiara Bedon. Sensitivity to Input Parameters of Failure Detection Methods for Out-of-Plane Loaded Glass Panels in Fire. Fire 2021, 4, 5 .

AMA Style

Marcin Kozłowski, Chiara Bedon. Sensitivity to Input Parameters of Failure Detection Methods for Out-of-Plane Loaded Glass Panels in Fire. Fire. 2021; 4 (1):5.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marcin Kozłowski; Chiara Bedon. 2021. "Sensitivity to Input Parameters of Failure Detection Methods for Out-of-Plane Loaded Glass Panels in Fire." Fire 4, no. 1: 5.

Conference paper
Published: 11 January 2021 in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering
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The prevention of unfavourable machine-induced vibrations represents a crucial issue for the design of industrial facilities. A special attention is required for the structural assessment of the load-bearing members, that should be optimally designed with the support of specific input parameters. The characterization of the expected vibration sources, together with a reliable structural model, is in fact a key step for the early design stage. In this paper, a case-study eyewear factory is investigated. Its layout takes the form of a two-span, two-story precast concrete frame. The lack of customer/designer communication resulted in various non-isolated Computer Numerical Control (CNC) vertical machinery centers mounted on the inter-story floor. Accordingly, the floor started to suffer for severe resonance issues. This research study focuses on the dynamic investigation of the structure. An efficient, coupled experimental-numerical approach is presented and validated for early predictive studies. Based on field experiments on the floor, but also on the machinery components, the most unfavourable conditions are first detected and characterized with the support of accelerometers and video-tracking displacement acquisitions. The experimental outcomes are then further assessed with Finite Element (FE) numerical models, giving evidence of the accurate predictability of resonance issues.

ACS Style

Chiara Bedon; Enrico Bergamo; Marco Fasan; Salvatore Noé. Assessment of CNC Machine-Induced Vibrations on an Industrial Inter-story Floor. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering 2021, 306 -315.

AMA Style

Chiara Bedon, Enrico Bergamo, Marco Fasan, Salvatore Noé. Assessment of CNC Machine-Induced Vibrations on an Industrial Inter-story Floor. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. 2021; ():306-315.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chiara Bedon; Enrico Bergamo; Marco Fasan; Salvatore Noé. 2021. "Assessment of CNC Machine-Induced Vibrations on an Industrial Inter-story Floor." Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering , no. : 306-315.

Journal article
Published: 16 December 2020 in Sustainability
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Fire is a significant threat to human life and civil infrastructures. Builders and architects are hankering for safer and sustainable alternatives of concrete that do not compromise with their design intent or fire safety requirements. The aim of the present work is to improve the residual compressive performance of concrete in post-fire exposure by incorporating by-products from urban residues. Based on sustainability and circular economy motivations, the attention is focused on rubber tire fly ash, aged brick powder, and plastic (PET) bottle residuals used as partial sand replacement. The selected by-products from urban residues are used for the preparation of Cement-Based Composites (CBCs) in two different proportions (10% and 15%). Thermal CBC behaviour is thus investigated under realistic fire scenarios (i.e., Direct Flame (DF) for 1 h), by following the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 834 standard provisions, but necessarily resulting in nonuniform thermal exposure for the cubic specimens. The actual thermal exposure is further explored with a Finite Element (FE) model, giving evidence of thermal boundaries effects. The post-fire residual compressive strength of heated concrete and CBC samples is hence experimentally derived, and compared to unheated specimens in ambient conditions. From the experimental study, the enhanced post-fire performance of CBCs with PET bottle residual is generally found superior to other CBCs or concrete. The structure–property relation is also established, with the support of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) micrographs. Based on existing empirical models of literature for the prediction of the compressive or residual compressive strength of standard concrete, newly developed empirical relations for both concrete and CBCs are assessed.

ACS Style

Ajitanshu Vedrtnam; Chiara Bedon; Gonzalo Barluenga. Study on the Compressive Behaviour of Sustainable Cement-Based Composites Under One-Hour of Direct Flame Exposure. Sustainability 2020, 12, 10548 .

AMA Style

Ajitanshu Vedrtnam, Chiara Bedon, Gonzalo Barluenga. Study on the Compressive Behaviour of Sustainable Cement-Based Composites Under One-Hour of Direct Flame Exposure. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (24):10548.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ajitanshu Vedrtnam; Chiara Bedon; Gonzalo Barluenga. 2020. "Study on the Compressive Behaviour of Sustainable Cement-Based Composites Under One-Hour of Direct Flame Exposure." Sustainability 12, no. 24: 10548.

Research article
Published: 05 December 2020 in Engineering Structures
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The ductile collapse mechanisms of structures should be less resistant than the brittle mechanisms to ensure a ductile seismic response: in this way, the ductile mechanisms activate before the brittle ones. This sort of chronological law of collapse is obtained in the design phase by providing a proper ”overstrength” to the brittle mechanisms. The realization of overstrength plays a crucial role in the design, and several studies endeavoured to estimate the best overstrength factors, defined as the ratio between the characteristic load-carrying capacity of the non-ductile element and the characteristic load-carrying capacity of the ductile element. In this paper, the conventional definition of overstrength is discussed and compared to a probabilistic definition based on reliability methods. The probabilistic definition of overstrength drives the assessment of the overstrength factors of Cross-Laminated Timber buildings using a sort of indirect approach. The Extended-Energy dependent generalized Bouc-Wen model is used to estimate the nonlinear seismic response of a set of Cross-Laminated Timber shear walls with different ductility. The results are compared with the existing formulations, attempting to draw correlations possibly useful in the design phase.

ACS Style

Angelo Aloisio; Massimo Fragiacomo. Reliability-based overstrength factors of cross-laminated timber shear walls for seismic design. Engineering Structures 2020, 228, 111547 .

AMA Style

Angelo Aloisio, Massimo Fragiacomo. Reliability-based overstrength factors of cross-laminated timber shear walls for seismic design. Engineering Structures. 2020; 228 ():111547.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Angelo Aloisio; Massimo Fragiacomo. 2020. "Reliability-based overstrength factors of cross-laminated timber shear walls for seismic design." Engineering Structures 228, no. : 111547.

Journal article
Published: 04 December 2020 in Advances in Civil Engineering
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Single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) models are known to represent a valid tool in support of design. Key assumptions of these models, on the other hand, can strongly affect the expected predictions, hence resulting in possible overconservative or misleading estimates for the response of real structural systems under extreme actions. Among others, the description of the input loads can be responsible for major design issues, thus requiring the use of more refined approaches. In this paper, a SDOF model is developed for thin elastic plates under large displacements. Based on the energy approach, careful attention is given for the derivation of the governing linear and nonlinear parameters, under different boundary conditions of technical interest. In doing so, the efforts are dedicated to the description of the incoming blast waves. In place of simplified sinusoidal pressures, the input impulsive loads are described with the support of infinite trigonometric series that are more accurate. The so-developed SDOF model is therefore validated, based on selected literature results, by analyzing the large displacement response of thin elastic plates, under several boundary conditions and real blast pressures. Major advantage for the validation of the proposed SDOF model is obtained from experimental finite element (FE) and finite difference (FD) models of literature, giving evidence of a rather good correlation and confirming the validity of the presented formulation.

ACS Style

M. D. Goel; T. Thimmesh; P. Shirbhate; C. Bedon. Enhanced Single-Degree-of-Freedom Analysis of Thin Elastic Plates Subjected to Blast Loading Using an Energy-Based Approach. Advances in Civil Engineering 2020, 2020, 1 -29.

AMA Style

M. D. Goel, T. Thimmesh, P. Shirbhate, C. Bedon. Enhanced Single-Degree-of-Freedom Analysis of Thin Elastic Plates Subjected to Blast Loading Using an Energy-Based Approach. Advances in Civil Engineering. 2020; 2020 ():1-29.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. D. Goel; T. Thimmesh; P. Shirbhate; C. Bedon. 2020. "Enhanced Single-Degree-of-Freedom Analysis of Thin Elastic Plates Subjected to Blast Loading Using an Energy-Based Approach." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020, no. : 1-29.

Conference paper
Published: 23 November 2020 in Proceedings of 1st International Electronic Conference on Actuator Technology: Materials, Devices and Applications
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Machine-induced vibrations and their control represent, for several reasons, a crucial design issue for buildings, and especially for industrial facilities. A special attention is required, at the early design stage, for the structural and dynamic performance assessment of the load-bearing members, given that they should be optimally withstand potentially severe machinery operations. To this aim, however, the knowledge of the input vibration source is crucial. This paper investigates a case-study eyewear factory built in Italy during 2019 and characterized by various non-isolated computer numerical control (CNC) vertical machinery centers mounted on the inter-story floor. Accordingly, the structure started to suffer for pronounced resonance issues. Following the past experience, this paper reports on the efficiency of a coupled experimental-numerical method for generalized predictive and characterization studies. The advantage is that the machinery features are derived from on-site experiments on the equipment, as well as on the floor. The experimental outcomes are then assessed and integrated with the support of Finite Element (FE) numerical simulations, to explore the resonance performance of the floor. The predictability of marked resonance issues is thus analyzed, with respect to the reference performance indicators.

ACS Style

Enrico Bergamo; Marco Fasan; Chiara Bedon. Predictivity of CNC Machine-Induced Vibrations on Inter-Story Floors Based on Coupled Experimental-Numerical Investigations. Proceedings of 1st International Electronic Conference on Actuator Technology: Materials, Devices and Applications 2020, 64, 15 .

AMA Style

Enrico Bergamo, Marco Fasan, Chiara Bedon. Predictivity of CNC Machine-Induced Vibrations on Inter-Story Floors Based on Coupled Experimental-Numerical Investigations. Proceedings of 1st International Electronic Conference on Actuator Technology: Materials, Devices and Applications. 2020; 64 (1):15.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Enrico Bergamo; Marco Fasan; Chiara Bedon. 2020. "Predictivity of CNC Machine-Induced Vibrations on Inter-Story Floors Based on Coupled Experimental-Numerical Investigations." Proceedings of 1st International Electronic Conference on Actuator Technology: Materials, Devices and Applications 64, no. 1: 15.