This study determined the optimal production of furfural (FuR) from liquid hydrolysate xylan liquor obtained through a two-stage pretreatment process using NaOH for de-ashing and EtOH for the delignification of raw rice husk (RH). The de-ashing pretreatment was conducted at 150 °C, with 6.0% (w/v) NaOH and a reaction time of 40 min. The optimal conditions for delignification pretreatment, performed using an organosolv fractionation method with EtOH, were a reaction temperature of 150 °C, 60% (v/v) EtOH, 0.25% (w/v) H₂SO₄, and a reaction time of 90 min. Through a two-stage pretreatment process, a liquid hydrolysate in the form of xylan liquor was obtained, which was subjected to an acid catalytic conversion process to produce FuR. The process conditions were varied, with reaction temperatures of 130–170 °C, H₂SO₄ catalyst concentrations of 1.0–3.0 wt.%, and reaction times of 0–90 min. The Response Surface Methodology tool was used to identify the optimal FuR yield from xylan liquor. Ultimately, the optimal process conditions for the acid catalytic conversion were found to be a substrate-to-catalyst ratio of 2:8, a reaction temperature of 168.9 °C, a catalyst concentration of 1.9 wt.%, and a reaction time of 41.24 min, achieving an FuR yield of 67.31%.

As the seriousness of the climate crisis has emerged, technological development is accelerating with the aim of carbon reduction in all industrial sectors. Among them, Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technology is of particular interest, and it is important to understand CCUS technologyused in the shipping field, which provides essential transportation at low cost. Therefore, this paper investigated trends in patent applications by country, technology, and major applicants of ship CCUS technologyand tried to grasp trends in collection / preservation / transportation / utilization technologies through in-depth analysis. To this end, domestic and foreign patents for “ship CCUS” filed by July 2023 were analyzed and 43 core patents were selected to examine the development flow of each technology. Patents related to collection technology were most common, with carbon dioxide-absorbing substances predicted to continue to be developed. In the case of transportation and storage technology, technology development is using a combination of various strategies (capture+storage, capture+transport+storage, etc.) rather than focusing on one technology. Through this paper, we expect to understand the current status of CCUS technologymore comprehensively and use it as a reference for research and development and planning to improve future market competitiveness.