Background: Heart failure (HF) management increasingly relies on innovative solutions to enhance monitoring and care. Wearable devices, originally popularized for fitness tracking, show promise in clinical decision-making for HF. This study explores the application and potential for the broader integration of wearable technology in HF management, emphasizing remote monitoring and personalized care. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was performed to assess the role of wearables in HF management, focusing on functionalities like vital sign tracking, patient engagement, and clinical decision support. Clinical outcomes and barriers to adopting wearable technology in HF care were critically analyzed. Results: Wearable devices increasingly track physiological parameters relevant to HF, such as heart rate, physical activity, and sleep. They can identify at-risk patients, promote lifestyle changes, facilitate early diagnosis, and accurately detect arrhythmias that lead to decompensation. Additionally, wearables may assess fluid status, identifying early signs of decompensation to prevent hospitalization and supporting therapeutic adjustments. They also enhance physical activity and optimize cardiac rehabilitation programs, improving patient outcomes. Both wearable and implanted cardiac devices enable continuous, non-invasive monitoring through small devices. However, challenges like data integration, regulatory approval, and reimbursement impede their widespread adoption. Conclusions: Wearable technology can transform HF management through continuous monitoring and early interventions. Collaboration among involved parties is essential to overcome integration challenges and validate most of these devices in clinical practice.

The diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis can be achieved noninvasively for transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy through nuclear scintigraphy with bone tracers. For other subtypes of cardiac amyloidosis (eg, light-chain amyloid cardiomyopathy), or in cases of suspected transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy with nondiagnostic scintigraphy results, histologic confirmation via tissue biopsy and amyloid subtype identification is required. We present a case of a 66-year-old male with heart failure and left ventricular hypertrophy with evidence of systemic amyloidosis. Despite multiple biopsies of different organs and extensive testing, including mass spectrometry, the amyloid subtype could not be clearly identified. The patient's condition rapidly deteriorated without the initiation of targeted therapy, leading to multiple hospitalizations and an unfavorable prognosis. This case emphasizes the diagnostic challenges in cardiac amyloidosis and highlights the importance of continuous advancements in diagnostic techniques to improve patient outcomes with this complex disease.

An 80-year-old woman with a history of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma presented to the emergency department with exertional dyspnea and lower limb edema. A transthoracic echocardiogram revealed a large extracardiac mass invading the right atrium. A diagnostic transcatheter endomyocardial biopsy guided by intracardiac echocardiography was performed. This case highlights the role of intracardiac echocardiography in enabling unusual endomyocardial biopsy targeting, allowing for correct positioning of the bioptome, adding to the procedure’s safety and precision, mainly when performed on atrial masses.

Background and Aim: New-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) is a common condition in critically ill patients, yet the evidence on optimal NOAF management and outcomes is limited. This study evaluates the impact of management strategies on short- and long-term outcomes in patients who develop NOAF during their intensive care unit (ICU) stay. Methods: A retrospective, single-centre study was conducted of all patients with NOAF admitted in a multidisciplinary ICU between 2020 and 2023. The clinical characteristics and outcomes of the patients were collected. The endpoints included the characterisation of management strategies, short-term outcomes during ICU stays (including atrial fibrillation [AF] recurrence), and long-term outcomes after discharge (including AF recurrence and a composite of death or cardiovascular hospitalisation). Results: A total of 160 patients developed NOAF (mean age 69.5 ± 11.8 years; 63% male). Most had cardiovascular comorbidities and high illness severity, with frequent mechanical ventilation (87%) and vasopressor (89%) use. Rhythm-control strategies—predominantly amiodarone—were associated with lower in-hospital AF recurrence (OR 0.28, p = 0.044) and a numerical reduction in post-discharge recurrence. Anticoagulation was initiated in 45% of patients and continued at discharge in 44%, without major bleeding. ICU and in-hospital mortality were 33% and 43%, respectively. During a median follow-up of 10 (range 0–56) months, post-ICU discharge AF recurrence occurred in 34% of patients initially discharged in sinus rhythm. Anticoagulation at discharge was not associated with recurrence, while rhythm control in the ICU and absence of in-hospital recurrence strongly predicted reduced post-discharge recurrence (p < 0.001). Nine patients required readmission, mainly for heart failure or ischaemic stroke. The composite long-term outcome occurred in 24 patients (27%). Conclusions: Post-ICU discharge AF recurrence after NOAF was common. Early rhythm-control strategies were associated with lower in-hospital and post-discharge AF recurrence, and individualised anticoagulation appeared safe in this observational cohort. These findings support proactive post-ICU monitoring and risk-adapted management strategies.

Complete atrioventricular block may be associated with Takotsubo syndrome, and the decision of device implantation in such patients is challenging. We present a case of a 76-year-old woman admitted after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest that was reverted after defibrillation treatment. Post-resuscitation electrocardiogram documented complete atrioventricular block, and echocardiogram revealed severe left ventricular dysfunction with apical ballooning. Coronary angiography excluded coronary artery disease, and Takotsubo syndrome was diagnosed based on clinical and imaging features. Atrioventricular block persisted despite normalization of left ventricular function; therefore, cardiac arrest was considered secondary to a ventricular arrhythmia induced by atrioventricular block, and a pacemaker, rather than an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, was implanted. During follow-up, complete atrioventricular block persisted, with 99% of ventricular pacing observed upon device interrogation. This case supports that the stress of atrioventricular block may trigger Takotsubo syndrome, which is reinforced by the persistence of conduction abnormalities despite reversal of ventricular defects. Therefore, early implantation of a cardiac device should be carefully considered on a case-by-case basis.