This paper examines the protocol structure of ATSC 3.0, the next-generation terrestrial broadcasting standard, and explains in-depth the technology of Real-Time Object Delivery over Unidirectional Transport (ROUTE) and MPEG Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH). Specifically, it considers both low and service signaling methodologies of ROUTE/DASH, that enable immersive media, stereoscopic 3D, and 360 virtual reality (VR), delivery in ATSC 3.0. Furthermore, this paper also provides the signaling examples to give readers new perspectives on immersive broadcasting through ROUTE/DASH in ATSC 3.0. In the era of COVID-19 pandemics, this kind of type, the ATSC 3.0 immersive media service method is expected to become an alternative to performance and media consumption in the future.

This paper proposes an efficient encoding framework based on Scalable High Efficiency Video Coding (SHVC) technology, which supports both low- and high-resolution 2D videos as well as stereo 3D (S3D) video simultaneously. Previous studies have introduced Cross-View SHVC, which encodes two videos with different viewpoints and resolutions using a Cross-View SHVC encoder, where the low-resolution video is encoded as the base layer and the other video as the enhancement layer. This encoder provides resolution diversity and allows the decoder to combine the two videos, enabling 3D video services. Even when 3D videos are composed of left and right videos with different resolutions, the viewer tends to perceive the quality based on the higher-resolution video due to the binocular suppression effect, where the brain prioritizes the high-quality image and suppresses the lower-quality one. However, recent experiments have shown that when the disparity between resolutions exceeds a certain threshold, it can lead to a subjective degradation of the perceived 3D video quality. To address this issue, a conditional replenishment algorithm has been studied, which replaces some blocks of the video using a disparity-compensated left-view image based on rate–distortion cost. This conditional replenishment algorithm (also known as VEI technology) effectively reduces the quality difference between the base layer and enhancement layer videos. However, the algorithm alone cannot fully compensate for the quality difference between the left and right videos. In this paper, we propose a novel encoding framework to solve the asymmetry issue between the left and right videos in 3D video services and achieve symmetrical video quality. The proposed framework focuses on improving the quality of the right-view video by combining the conditional replenishment algorithm with Cross-View SHVC. Specifically, the framework leverages the non-HEVC option of the SHVC encoder, using a VEI (Video Enhancement Information) restored image as the base layer to provide higher-quality prediction signals and reduce encoding complexity. Experimental results using animation and live-action UHD sequences show that the proposed method achieves BD-RATE reductions of 57.78% and 45.10% compared with HEVC and SHVC codecs, respectively.

This paper presents an enhanced method for the transmission of 3D video in the Multi-view Video plus Depth (MVD) format over Two-Way Relay Channels (TWRC). Our approach addresses the unique challenges of MVD-based 3D video by combining Hierarchical Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (HQAM), a method that prioritizes data layers based on importance, and Inter-Layer Forward Error Correction (IL-FEC), which protects critical data from errors. These are specifically designed to handle the dual-layer data structure where color data and depth information require different levels of error protection, and it reduces transmission errors and enhances the quality of MVD-based 3D video over TWRC. In the TWRC scenario, the proposed scheme optimizes transmission by reducing the number of relayed bitstreams by half while maintaining high-quality requirements, as demonstrated by significant improvements in the Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) for virtually synthesized views. Furthermore, we identify and optimize the hierarchical modulation parameter ($\alpha$), which controls the priority and protection levels of different data streams. Systematically varying $\alpha$ reveals its substantial impact on the quality of the reconstructed 3D video, as measured by SSIM. Our results demonstrate that the proposed combination of HQAM and IL-FEC not only maintains the target SSIM of 0.9 for the virtually synthesized view under various relay conditions but also reveals the optimal $\alpha$ value for balancing the error protection between the color and depth map data streams. Notably, while increasing $\alpha$ enhances the protection of critical data (such as color video streams), it may concurrently degrade the quality of less important streams (like depth maps), highlighting the importance of fine-tuning $\alpha$ to achieve the best overall video quality. These findings suggest that our method provides a flexible and effective solution for high-quality 3D video transmission in challenging communication environments, potentially advancing the development of future 3D video delivery systems.

This paper describes the development of a real-time three-dimensional television (3DTV) emission multiplexer and reception - signal status analyzing system for Advanced Television Systems Committee 8-vestigial side-band (ATSC 8-VSB) & mobile digital television (MDTV) hybrid 3DTV service. Recently, this system has been adopted as a standard (ATSC A/104 Part 5) of the terrestrial 3DTV broadcasting service under the name of service compatible-main and mobile hybrid (SC-MMH) 3DTV. Compared to the existing ATSC MDTV 2D systems, the SC-MMH 3DTV system requires 8-VSB (left-eye images) and MDTV (right-eye images) frame synchronization. 3DTV shall receive both 8-VSB and MDTV signals simultaneously. For a seamless SC-MMH 3DTV service within these service constraints, broadcasters should deploy transmitters and measuring services over the coverage area. In this paper, we introduce the implementation of SC-MMH 3DTV emission multiplexer and reception-signal status analyzer to configure the transmitter and signal measurements more efficiently. The options of the proposed system are verified by the SC-MMH 3DTV field test in a real terrestrial broadcasting environment.

In this paper, we describe a new 1/4 rate robust modulation techniques for enhanced-xVSB system which is fully backward compatible with ATSC 8-VSB standard. 1/4 rate mode enhanced-xVSB system provides broadcasters with a wide choice of trade-offs of data rate vs amount of robustness of enhanced data for pedestrian/mobile services. Lab test results of proposed enhanced-xVSB 1/4 rate mode robust stream is a significantly improved multipath as well as AWGN reception performance for enhanced-xVSB receiver. We suggest an enhanced-xVSB terrestrial broadcasting system for ATSC HDTV and pedestrian/portable TV simultaneous broadcasting service provisioning.

This paper presents a RTL design of DFE (decision feedback equalizer) for DTxR distributed repeater. Distributed transmission is a key technology of SFN (single frequency network) applied to the ATSC system for terrestrial digital television. DTxR system consist of receiver part, TxID generation & insertion part, and remodulation part. In this paper, we provide a detailed description of pipelined DFE equalizer design for DTxR receiver part, which includes computer simulation results, hardware implementation technology, and Lab test results for DTxR system design and performance evaluation.