Introduction: In order to achieve the sustainable development goal set by the United Nations,it is necessary to promote the green transformation and sustainable development of agriculture. In the context of the global economic digital revolution, examining the impact of digital financial inclusion (DFl) on agricultural green total factor productivity (AGTFP) provided a new perspective for DFl to promote agricultural transformation and upgrading.Methods: Based on balanced panel data for 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2022, the study used the slack-based measure (SBM) and global malmquist-luenberger (GML) index to measure AGTFP. Then the entropy method was used to measure the basic condition of digital logistics. Finally, causal relationship and potential mechanism of DFI on AGTFP were verified by means of bidirectional fixed effect and two-stage least square method.Results: Our findings are as follows: firstly, DFl significantly increases AGTFP. This conclusion is still valid after a series of robustness tests and endogeneity control. Secondly, land transfer and digital logistics play positive mediating roles in the relationship between DFl and AGTFP. Thirdly, DFl has a higher impact on AGTFP in main grain-producing areas and the production-marketing balanced areas.Discussion: This research provides not only theoretical and empirical support for optimizing China’s digital inclusive financial service system and promoting the green development of agriculture but also an important reference for the agricultural development of developing countries.

Currently, the integrated development of agriculture and tourism is one of the most critical strategic measures in China. The rapid growth of agricultural tourism integration presents the typical characteristics of expanding regional differences. Exploring the impact of agricultural tourism integration on the growth of green total factor productivity in agriculture has important theoretical and practical significance. This study constructs a comprehensive index system for agricultural tourism integration, measuring the development level of agricultural tourism integration in 30 sample provinces from 2008 to 2018. Using the generalized system method of moments approach and Tobit model, the impact of agricultural tourism integration on agriculture was empirically tested, and the regulatory role of rural human capital was discussed. It was found that agricultural tourism integration contributes significantly to the improvement in green total factor productivity in agriculture, with rural mobility human capital, education human capital, and health human capital all playing a significant positive moderating role in this process. Finally, it is recommended that priority be given to agricultural tourism integration in the policy framework, promoting industrial chain upgrading, raising investment in rural infrastructure, and upgrading rural human capital levels to contribute the rural economic development.

Introduction: Food security is the lifeblood of national security and an important cornerstone for world 15 peace, stability, and development. In this context, the study of the impact of land transfer (TF) on food security (FS) provides a new perspective for land resource optimization.Methods: Based on the empirical data of 30 provinces and regions in China from 2010 to 2022, this paper used the two-way fixed effect model to explore the causal relationship and the intermediary relationship between the two. Moreover, quantile regression is used to further explore the heterogeneity. In addition, the spatial Durbin model is used to analyze the spillover effect.Results: First, land transfer has a significant promoting effect on food security. Secondly, land transfer has obvious heterogeneity to food security. Third, environmental regulation and green technology innovation play an intermediary role in land transfer to food security. Fourth, land transfer has a spatial spillover effect on food security.Discussion: This paper not only enriches the theoretical research on the impact of land transfer on food security, but also provides empirical evidence. It provides an important reference for deepening China’s land transfer policy system, optimizing land transfer resources and ensuring the safety of grain industry.

Climate change and increasingly severe weather pose dual pressures on agriculture: to reduce carbon emissions and to manage climate risk. These pressures challenge the transition to green, low-carbon development. On the basis of panel data from 31 provinces in China from 2003 to 2023—a period selected for data continuity and to capture the implementation of major national agricultural and environmental policies—in this study, an evaluation index system for agricultural green and low-carbon development (GAC) was established. This study aims to analyze the impact of climate change risks (CPRI) on GAC, focusing on the moderating role of agricultural insurance (INS) and spatial spillover effects. Specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions: (1) What is the direction and magnitude of CPRI’s effect on GAC? (2) Can INS mitigate this effect? (3) Does CPRI exhibit spatial spillover effects on GAC? Using data from the NOAA and Chinese statistical yearbooks, by employing a model with two-way fixed effects, moderating effect analysis, and the spatial Durbin model, the mechanisms underlying the spatial spillover effects of CPRI and regional heterogeneity were examined, as well as the moderating function of INS. CPRI was found to significantly inhibit GAC, as extreme weather events triggered short-term decision-making among farmers and constrained investment in green technologies. These events reduced the capacity of the soil to sequester carbon. This inhibitory effect was greater in nonmajor grain-producing regions and in eastern China. INS helped reduce negative impacts by providing effective risk transfer mechanisms. Furthermore, CPRI was found to exert harmful spillover effects across different regions, with greater indirect effects than direct effects. In conclusion, CPRI significantly hinders agricultural green transition, a process moderated by insurance and characterized by spatial spillovers. On the basis of these observations, we recommend several policies, including the development of regionally tailored adaptation strategies, the achievement of innovation in agricultural insurance products, and the establishment of collaborative governance frameworks that span regions to address these challenges.