Tamas Bisztray

Dr. Tamas Bisztray

orcid

Research Focus & Metrics

Academic Career Length

8Years (2019-Present)

(Calculated once Scilit publication data is synced: current year − year of first publication + 1)

Representative Publications

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1 January 2025 in Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems
Verified
Journal Article
Open access
Mohamed Amine FerragMohamed Amine Ferrag
Mohamed Amine Ferrag
FAFatima Alwahedi
Fatima Alwahedi
ABAmmar Battah
Ammar Battah
BCBilel Cherif
Bilel Cherif
AMAbdechakour Mechri
Abdechakour Mechri
MDMerouane Debbah
Merouane Debbah

2 September 2024
Verified
Conference Paper
Open access
NTNorbert Tihanyi
Norbert Tihanyi
Mohamed Amine FerragMohamed Amine Ferrag
Mohamed Amine Ferrag
RJRidhi Jain
Ridhi Jain
TBTamas Bisztray
Tamas Bisztray
Méroúane DebbahMéroúane Debbah
Méroúane Debbah
Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used across various domains, from software development to cyber threat intelligence. Understanding all the different cybersecurity fields, including topics such as cryptography, reverse engineering, and risk assessment, poses a challenge even for human experts. The research community needs a diverse, accurate, and up-to-date dataset to test the general knowledge of LLMs in cybersecurity. To address this gap, we present CyberMetric-80, CyberMetric-500, CyberMetric-2000, and CyberMetric-10000, which are multiple-choice Q&A benchmark datasets comprising 80, 500, 2000, and 10,000 questions, respectively. By utilizing GPT-3.5 and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), we collected documents, including NIST standards, research papers, publicly accessible books, RFCs, and other publications in the cybersecurity domain, to generate questions, each with four possible answers. The results underwent several rounds of error checking and refinement. Human experts invested over 200 hours validating the questions and solutions to ensure their accuracy and relevance and to filter out any questions unrelated to cybersecurity. We have evaluated and compared 25 state-of-the-art LLM models on the CyberMetric datasets. In addition to our primary goal of evaluating LLMs, we involved 30 human participants to solve CyberMetric-80 in a closed-book scenario. The results can serve as a reference for comparing the general cybersecurity knowledge of humans and LLMs. The findings revealed that GPT-4o, GPT-4-turbo, Mixtral-8x7B-Instruct, Falcon-180B-Chat, and GEMINI-pro 1.0 were the best-performing LLMs. Additionally, the top LLMs were more accurate than humans on CyberMetric-80, although highly experienced human experts still outperformed small models such as Llama-3-8B, Phi-2 or Gemma-7b. The CyberMetric dataset is publicly available for the research community and can be downloaded from the projects' website: https://github.com/CyberMetric.

9 September 2024
Verified
Book Chapter
Closed access
PDF file
RTRebeka Tóth
Rebeka Tóth
TBTamas Bisztray
Tamas Bisztray
ERErdődi
Erdődi
LÁLászló
László
LELászló Erdodi
László Erdodi


9 July 2025
Verified
Book Chapter
Closed access
PDF file
RDRichard A. Dubniczky
Richard A. Dubniczky
KHKrisztofer Zoltan Horvát
Krisztofer Zoltan Horvát
TBTamas Bisztray
Tamas Bisztray
Mohamed Amine FerragMohamed Amine Ferrag
Mohamed Amine Ferrag
LCLucas C. Cordeiro
Lucas C. Cordeiro
NTNorbert Tihanyi
Norbert Tihanyi