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Qinghe Zhao
Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China

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Journal article
Published: 13 May 2021 in Land
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Human activities are increasingly recognized as having a critical influence on hydrological processes under the warming of the climate, particularly for dam-regulated rivers. To ensure the sustainable management of water resources, it is important to evaluate how dam construction may affect surface runoff. In this study, using Mann–Kendall tests, the double mass curve method, and the Budyko-based elasticity method, the effects of climate change and human activities on annual and seasonal runoff were quantified for the Yellow River basin from 1961–2018; additionally, effects on runoff were assessed after the construction of the Xiaolangdi Dam (XLD, started operation in 2001) on the Yellow River. Both annual and seasonal runoff decreased over time (p < 0.01), due to the combined effects of climate change and human activities. Abrupt changes in annual, flood season, and non-flood season runoff occurred in 1986, 1989, and 1986, respectively. However, no abrupt changes were seen after the construction of the XLD. Human activities accounted for much of the reduction in runoff, approximately 75–72% annually, 81–86% for the flood season, and 86–90% for the non-flood season. Climate change approximately accounted for the remainder: 18–25% (annually), 14–19% (flood season), and 10–14% (non-flood season). The XLD construction mitigated runoff increases induced by heightened precipitation and reduced potential evapotranspiration during the post-dam period; the XLD accounted for approximately 52% of the runoff reduction both annually and in the non-flood season, and accounted for approximately −32% of the runoff increase in the flood season. In conclusion, this study provides a basic understanding of how dam construction contributes to runoff changes in the context of climate change; this information will be beneficial for the sustainable management of water resources in regulated rivers.

ACS Style

Qinghe Zhao; Shengyan Ding; Xiaoyu Ji; Zhendong Hong; Mengwen Lu; Peng Wang. Relative Contribution of the Xiaolangdi Dam to Runoff Changes in the Lower Yellow River. Land 2021, 10, 521 .

AMA Style

Qinghe Zhao, Shengyan Ding, Xiaoyu Ji, Zhendong Hong, Mengwen Lu, Peng Wang. Relative Contribution of the Xiaolangdi Dam to Runoff Changes in the Lower Yellow River. Land. 2021; 10 (5):521.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qinghe Zhao; Shengyan Ding; Xiaoyu Ji; Zhendong Hong; Mengwen Lu; Peng Wang. 2021. "Relative Contribution of the Xiaolangdi Dam to Runoff Changes in the Lower Yellow River." Land 10, no. 5: 521.

Journal article
Published: 31 December 2020 in Science of The Total Environment
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Determining the relationship between plant functional traits and the environment are key for the protection and sustainable utilization of riparian wetlands. In the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, riparian wetlands are divided into seasonal floodplain wetlands (natural) and pond-like wetlands or paddy fields (artificial). Here, species composition differences were catalogued based on plant functional traits including origin, life history, and wetland affinity in natural and artificial wetlands. Wetland physicochemical characteristics and regional socio-economic parameters collected as indicators of environmental variables were used to analyze the plant functional trait-environment relationship. The results reveal that plant functional traits in the seasonal floodplain wetland are impacted by physicochemical characteristics of habitat. The abundance of annual plants tends to decrease with concentration of heavy metals, while species diversity is mainly determined by soil physical and chemical properties, especially soil pH and temperature. Specifically, wetland-obligate species (not in water) are more resistant to heavy metal content in water than species with other types of wetland affinity. Life history strategies of species in artificial sites tend to be significantly associated with animal husbandry and artificial populations, while the wetland affinity of species is mainly determined by regional agriculture, especially the installation of agricultural covered areas. Furthermore, water quality and nutrients in suspended sediments from the Yellow River affected species diversity and life history strategies by affecting water and soil conditions of surrounding wetlands, especially conductivity and phosphorus levels.

ACS Style

Zhendong Hong; Shengyan Ding; Qinghe Zhao; Pengwei Qiu; Jinlong Chang; Li Peng; Shuoqian Wang; Yongyi Hong; Gang-Jun Liu. Plant trait-environment trends and their conservation implications for riparian wetlands in the Yellow River. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 767, 144867 .

AMA Style

Zhendong Hong, Shengyan Ding, Qinghe Zhao, Pengwei Qiu, Jinlong Chang, Li Peng, Shuoqian Wang, Yongyi Hong, Gang-Jun Liu. Plant trait-environment trends and their conservation implications for riparian wetlands in the Yellow River. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 767 ():144867.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhendong Hong; Shengyan Ding; Qinghe Zhao; Pengwei Qiu; Jinlong Chang; Li Peng; Shuoqian Wang; Yongyi Hong; Gang-Jun Liu. 2020. "Plant trait-environment trends and their conservation implications for riparian wetlands in the Yellow River." Science of The Total Environment 767, no. : 144867.

Journal article
Published: 13 August 2020 in PeerJ
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Riparian soils and vegetation are important factors influencing the biodiversity and biogeochemical processes of river ecosystems. Riparian soils and vegetation form the foundation for multiple ecosystem services provided by river ecosystems. However, it remains poorly understood how riparian soils and vegetation interact with one another to maintain these services. In this study, we sampled four common types of riparian vegetation associated with the Beijiang River in South China. These included forestland, bamboo forest, mixed forest, and grassland ecosystems. Specifically, we analyzed the spatial distribution of riparian soils and their response to environmental factors (i.e., coverage and height of trees, shrubs and grass, distance to river, and altitude). Our results indicate that soil properties in riparian zones were affected significantly by vegetation type. In particular, clay content, soil organic carbon, and nitrate nitrogen content were significantly correlated with vegetation type. In contrast, changes in soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and available phosphorus content were not associated with vegetation type. Moreover, soil physical and chemical properties interacted with one an other, as well as with vegetation characteristics. This was indicated by the significant correlation observed between soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and soil texture, with structural characteristics of the four vegetation types. We also found that height and cover of trees and shrubs were significantly correlated with soil chemical properties. However, the effects of topographic variables such as altitude and distance to river were not significant. Results from this study can thus provide a basis for the ecological restoration and land management of degraded iparian zones.

ACS Style

Qinghe Zhao; Shengyan Ding; Qian Liu; Shuoqian Wang; Yaru Jing; Mengwen Lu. Vegetation influences soil properties along riparian zones of the Beijiang River in Southern China. PeerJ 2020, 8, e9699 .

AMA Style

Qinghe Zhao, Shengyan Ding, Qian Liu, Shuoqian Wang, Yaru Jing, Mengwen Lu. Vegetation influences soil properties along riparian zones of the Beijiang River in Southern China. PeerJ. 2020; 8 ():e9699.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qinghe Zhao; Shengyan Ding; Qian Liu; Shuoqian Wang; Yaru Jing; Mengwen Lu. 2020. "Vegetation influences soil properties along riparian zones of the Beijiang River in Southern China." PeerJ 8, no. : e9699.

Journal article
Published: 31 March 2020 in Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
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Riparian woodlands play a significant role in hosting plant diversity and maintaining soil and water resources. However, riparian woodlands are highly sensitive to fluvial and human disturbances, and most are now degraded as a result. In this study, we analyze variation in soil nutrients and...

ACS Style

Qinghe Zhao; Shanshan Xu; Qian Tang; Xunling Lu; Shuoqian Wang; Xiaoyu Ji; Shengyan Ding. Relationships between Soil Nutrients and Plant Diversity in Riparian Woodlands Along the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yellow River, China. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 2020, 29, 2481 -2491.

AMA Style

Qinghe Zhao, Shanshan Xu, Qian Tang, Xunling Lu, Shuoqian Wang, Xiaoyu Ji, Shengyan Ding. Relationships between Soil Nutrients and Plant Diversity in Riparian Woodlands Along the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yellow River, China. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies. 2020; 29 (3):2481-2491.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qinghe Zhao; Shanshan Xu; Qian Tang; Xunling Lu; Shuoqian Wang; Xiaoyu Ji; Shengyan Ding. 2020. "Relationships between Soil Nutrients and Plant Diversity in Riparian Woodlands Along the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yellow River, China." Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 29, no. 3: 2481-2491.

Journal article
Published: 11 February 2020 in Sustainability
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Assessing spatiotemporal variation in water quality and heavy metals concentrations in wetlands and identifying metal contamination source are crucial steps for the protection and sustainable utilization of water resources. Using the water quality identification index (Iwq), heavy metal pollution index (HPI), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and redundancy analysis (RDA), we evaluated spatiotemporal variation in water quality and heavy metals concentrations, and their interrelation in wetlands along the middle and lower Yellow River. The average Iwq was highest during flood season but the average HPI was lowest in the same season. Meanwhile, the trend in mean HPI across three hydrological seasons was the opposite to that of mean Iwq. There was significant variation in wetlands water pollution status across seasons. During the flood season, the wetlands in the affected area with hanging river were seriously polluted. In other seasons, pollution in the artificial wetlands was even more severe. Moreover, serious pollution of wetlands in belt transect #03 (Yuanyang-Zhongmu) was more frequent. Dissolved oxygen and chemical oxygen demand strongly influenced heavy metal concentrations, while other water quality parameters had different influences on heavy metal concentrations in different hydrological seasons. The causes of water pollution were divided into natural factors and human disturbance (with potential relationships between them). The polluted wetlands were greatly affected by the Yellow River during the flood season while they were more impacted by agricultural and domestic sewage discharge in other seasons. However, heavy metal deposition and leaching into riparian wetlands were still affected by diverse channel conditions. If this trend is allowed to continue unabated, wetlands along the middle and lower Yellow River are likely to lose their vital ecological and social functions.

ACS Style

Zhendong Hong; Qinghe Zhao; Jinlong Chang; Li Peng; Shuoqian Wang; Gangjun Liu; Shengyan Ding. Evaluation of Water Quality and Heavy Metals in Wetlands along the Yellow River in Henan Province. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1300 .

AMA Style

Zhendong Hong, Qinghe Zhao, Jinlong Chang, Li Peng, Shuoqian Wang, Gangjun Liu, Shengyan Ding. Evaluation of Water Quality and Heavy Metals in Wetlands along the Yellow River in Henan Province. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (4):1300.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhendong Hong; Qinghe Zhao; Jinlong Chang; Li Peng; Shuoqian Wang; Gangjun Liu; Shengyan Ding. 2020. "Evaluation of Water Quality and Heavy Metals in Wetlands along the Yellow River in Henan Province." Sustainability 12, no. 4: 1300.

Journal article
Published: 04 July 2019 in Sustainability
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Riparian vegetation plays a vital role in soil and water conservation and river health maintenance. However, its inhibiting effects on water and soil loss are limited by different factors, such as slope gradient, vegetation coverage and their interaction. Therefore, this study quantified the inhibiting effect of riparian vegetation on the runoff, sediment and hydraulic characteristics of overland flow, and assessed its relative contribution to slope gradient. Specifically, we selected a riparian slope along the lower Yellow River as a case, and used a field-simulated rainfall experiment under specific rainfall intensity (90 mm/h), different vegetation coverage (0%, 15% and 30%) and slope gradients (5°, 10°, 15° and 20°). The results showed that the presence of vegetation can reduce the slope runoff rate and erosion rate. However, greater slope gradients can result in a lowering of the inhibiting effects of riparian vegetation on sediment yield. There was a critical value of vegetation coverage for inhibiting eroded sediments which was influenced by the degree of slope gradient. At 15% vegetation coverage, vegetation inhibited the slope sediment yield greatly at a slope gradient of less than 8°; while at 30% vegetation coverage, vegetation greatly inhibited the slope sediment yield at slope gradients

ACS Style

Yifan Zhang; Qinghe Zhao; Zihao Cao; Shengyan Ding. Inhibiting Effects of Vegetation on the Characteristics of Runoff and Sediment Yield on Riparian Slope along the Lower Yellow River. Sustainability 2019, 11, 3685 .

AMA Style

Yifan Zhang, Qinghe Zhao, Zihao Cao, Shengyan Ding. Inhibiting Effects of Vegetation on the Characteristics of Runoff and Sediment Yield on Riparian Slope along the Lower Yellow River. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (13):3685.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yifan Zhang; Qinghe Zhao; Zihao Cao; Shengyan Ding. 2019. "Inhibiting Effects of Vegetation on the Characteristics of Runoff and Sediment Yield on Riparian Slope along the Lower Yellow River." Sustainability 11, no. 13: 3685.

Journal article
Published: 24 May 2019 in Sustainability
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Riparian vegetation plays a vital role in inhibiting soil and water loss, but few studies have quantified the relationships between vegetation spatial pattern and the hydraulic characteristics of upslope runoff. This study investigated how hydraulic characteristics (e.g., runoff coefficient, flow regime, flow resistance, and flow shear stress of overland flow) responded to differences in vegetation cover (15% and 30%), slope gradient (5°, 10°, 15°, and 20°), and vegetation pattern in the riparian zone along the lower Yellow River, China, based on landscape pattern analysis and a runoff scouring experiment with flow rates of 9 and 15 L/min and an experimental plot size of 1 m × 3 m. We found that runoff generation on shallow slopes was moderated by increasing vegetation cover, but that this moderating effect decreased on steeper slopes. The regime of overland flow switched from laminar and subcritical on the 5° slope (Fr = 0.56–0.87) to laminar and critical on the 10°, 15°, and 20° slopes (Fr = 1.02–2.18). Flow resistance increased with vegetation cover and flow rate and decreased with slope gradients, and it was larger on shallow slopes with high vegetation cover. Flow shear stress had a range of 1.42–3.55 N m−2, and it increased with increasing slope gradient, vegetation cover, and flow rate. The hydraulic characteristics of upslope runoff, especially flow resistance, were significantly related to vegetation pattern at both the landscape and class levels. Flow resistance was negatively related to patch density, and positively related to perimeter–area fractal dimension and connectance index. The influencing mechanism of landscape patterns on soil erosion processes is dependent on the landscape scale, since the relationships between flow resistance and some landscape pattern indices (aggregation index, effective mesh size, and splitting index) were opposite at the landscape level compared to the class level. We conclude that fragmented vegetation distributions reduce flow resistance, and that riparian vegetation could be managed to inhibit slope erosion by increasing flow resistance.

ACS Style

Qinghe Zhao; Yifan Zhang; Shanshan Xu; Xiaoyu Ji; Shuoqian Wang; Shengyan Ding. Relationships between Riparian Vegetation Pattern and the Hydraulic Characteristics of Upslope Runoff. Sustainability 2019, 11, 2966 .

AMA Style

Qinghe Zhao, Yifan Zhang, Shanshan Xu, Xiaoyu Ji, Shuoqian Wang, Shengyan Ding. Relationships between Riparian Vegetation Pattern and the Hydraulic Characteristics of Upslope Runoff. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (10):2966.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qinghe Zhao; Yifan Zhang; Shanshan Xu; Xiaoyu Ji; Shuoqian Wang; Shengyan Ding. 2019. "Relationships between Riparian Vegetation Pattern and the Hydraulic Characteristics of Upslope Runoff." Sustainability 11, no. 10: 2966.

Journal article
Published: 27 April 2019 in Water
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Climate variation and land use changes have been widely recognized as two major factors that impact hydrological processes. However, it is difficult to distinguish their contributions to changes in streamflow. Quantifying their contributions to alteration of streamflow is especially important for the sustainable management of water resources. In this study, the changes in streamflow for the period of 1960–2008 at two stations (Dongwan and Luhun) were analyzed in the Yihe watershed in China based on hydrological data series and climate parameters. Using a non-parametric Mann–Kendall (MK) and Pettitt’s test, as well as Budyko analysis, we first examined the trends of hydroclimatic variables and the breakpoint of annual streamflow over the past 50 years. Subsequently, we evaluated the contributions of annual precipitation (P), potential evapotranspiration (PET), and land use condition (represented by w), respectively, to streamflow variation. We observed a decreasing trend for P, as well as increasing trends for PET and w. Annual streamflow showed a significant downward trend with an abrupt change occurring in 1985 during the period of 1960–2008. Accordingly, we divided the studied period into two sub-periods: period I (1960–1985) and period II (1986–2008). The sensitivity of the streamflow to the different environmental factors concerned in this study differed. Streamflow was more sensitive to P than to PET and w. The decrease in P was the greatest contributor to the decline in streamflow, which accounted for 50.01% for Dongwan and 55.36% for Luhun, followed by PET, which accounted for 24.25% for Dongwan and 24.45% for Luhun, and land use change was responsible for 25.25% for Dongwan and 20.19% for Luhun. Although land use change plays a smaller role in streamflow reduction, land use optimization and adjustment still have great significance for future water resource management, since climate variation is difficult to control; however, the pattern optimization of land use can be achieved subjectively.

ACS Style

Shanshan Xu; Mingzhou Qin; Shengyan Ding; Qinghe Zhao; Huimin Liu; Li; Yang; Xiaoyu Ji; Xu; Qin; Ding; Zhao; Liu; Ji; Cangyu Li; Xiaojie Yang; Yanyan Li; Jiaxin Yang. The Impacts of Climate Variation and Land Use Changes on Streamflow in the Yihe River, China. Water 2019, 11, 887 .

AMA Style

Shanshan Xu, Mingzhou Qin, Shengyan Ding, Qinghe Zhao, Huimin Liu, Li, Yang, Xiaoyu Ji, Xu, Qin, Ding, Zhao, Liu, Ji, Cangyu Li, Xiaojie Yang, Yanyan Li, Jiaxin Yang. The Impacts of Climate Variation and Land Use Changes on Streamflow in the Yihe River, China. Water. 2019; 11 (5):887.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shanshan Xu; Mingzhou Qin; Shengyan Ding; Qinghe Zhao; Huimin Liu; Li; Yang; Xiaoyu Ji; Xu; Qin; Ding; Zhao; Liu; Ji; Cangyu Li; Xiaojie Yang; Yanyan Li; Jiaxin Yang. 2019. "The Impacts of Climate Variation and Land Use Changes on Streamflow in the Yihe River, China." Water 11, no. 5: 887.

Journal article
Published: 25 June 2018 in 资源科学
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ACS Style

珊珊 徐; Xu Shanshan; 清贺 赵; 梓豪 曹; 祎帆 张; Zhao Qinghe; Cao Zihao; Zhang Yifan. 北江干流河岸植被缓冲带景观渗透性时空变化及其影响因素. 资源科学 2018, 40, 1267 -1276.

AMA Style

珊珊 徐, Xu Shanshan, 清贺 赵, 梓豪 曹, 祎帆 张, Zhao Qinghe, Cao Zihao, Zhang Yifan. 北江干流河岸植被缓冲带景观渗透性时空变化及其影响因素. 资源科学. 2018; 40 (6):1267-1276.

Chicago/Turabian Style

珊珊 徐; Xu Shanshan; 清贺 赵; 梓豪 曹; 祎帆 张; Zhao Qinghe; Cao Zihao; Zhang Yifan. 2018. "北江干流河岸植被缓冲带景观渗透性时空变化及其影响因素." 资源科学 40, no. 6: 1267-1276.

Journal article
Published: 15 May 2018 in Sustainability
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Soil erosion inflicts multiple and severe damage throughout the world. The importance of vegetation spatial patterns in conserving soil and water has been widely acknowledged. In this study, by using the leakiness index (LI), which indicates the soil and water conservation function of the landscape by integrating landscape patterns closely with hydrological processes, we analyzed the changes in this function of riparian vegetation under different patterns with the aim of identifying the optimal pattern for improving soil and water conservation in severely eroded riparian buffer zones. Prior to this, the relationship between the erosion modulus and LI was discussed to provide certain evidence for the potential application of LI to the study area given the limited empirical works. Results showed that LI illustrated a significantly linear correlation with the erosion modulus (R2 = 0.636, p < 0.01), thereby suggesting a promising application of LI in the Beijiang riparian vegetation buffer zone. A comparison of the LI values regarding four different vegetation patterns indicated that under the premise of the same coverage (40%), the aggregation degree and patch orientation with low LI values exerted improved performance for soil and water conservation, so we selected the horizontal distribution and compact aggregation as the optimal pattern for vegetation regulation. The spatial variations of LI values in the study area showed that five regions were suffering from severe erosion, thus becoming the targeted area for regulation. The final regulation with the optimal vegetation pattern in severely eroded areas performed well given that the soil and water conservation was improved to a high level with a LI value less than or equal to 0.2. The results described in this study provide an alternative screening method to figure out the severe erosion areas needing improvement, a further understanding of the effect of vegetation pattern on soil and water conservation and a theoretical basis for the extended application of LI.

ACS Style

Shanshan Xu; Qinghe Zhao; Shengyan Ding; Mingzhou Qin; Lixin Ning; Xiaoyu Ji. Improving Soil and Water Conservation of Riparian Vegetation Based on Landscape Leakiness and Optimal Vegetation Pattern. Sustainability 2018, 10, 1571 .

AMA Style

Shanshan Xu, Qinghe Zhao, Shengyan Ding, Mingzhou Qin, Lixin Ning, Xiaoyu Ji. Improving Soil and Water Conservation of Riparian Vegetation Based on Landscape Leakiness and Optimal Vegetation Pattern. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (5):1571.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shanshan Xu; Qinghe Zhao; Shengyan Ding; Mingzhou Qin; Lixin Ning; Xiaoyu Ji. 2018. "Improving Soil and Water Conservation of Riparian Vegetation Based on Landscape Leakiness and Optimal Vegetation Pattern." Sustainability 10, no. 5: 1571.

Journal article
Published: 15 December 2015 in Theoretical and Applied Climatology
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Rainfall erosivity, which shows a potential risk of soil loss caused by water erosion, is an important factor in soil erosion process. In consideration of the critical condition of soil erosion induced by rainfall in Guangdong Province of southern China, this study analyzed the spatial and temporal variations in rainfall erosivity based on daily rainfall data observed at 25 meteorological stations during the period of 1960–2011. The methods of global spatial autocorrelation, kriging interpolation, Mann–Kendall test, and continuous wavelet transform were used. Results revealed that the annual rainfall erosivity in Guangdong Province, which spatially varied with the maximum level observed in June, was classified as high erosivity with two peaks that occur in spring and summer. In the direction of south–north, mean annual rainfall erosivity, which showed significant relationships with mean annual rainfall and latitude, gradually decreased with the high values mainly distributed in the coastal area and the low values mainly occurring in the lowlands of northwestern Guangdong. Meanwhile, a significant positive spatial autocorrelation which implied a clustered pattern was observed for annual rainfall erosivity. The spatial distribution of seasonal rainfall erosivity exhibited clustering tendencies, except spring erosivity with Moran’s I and Z values of 0.1 and 1.04, respectively. The spatial distribution of monthly rainfall erosivity presented clustered patterns in January–March and July–October as well as random patterns in the remaining months. The temporal trend of mean rainfall erosivity in Guangdong Province showed no statistically significant trend at the annual, seasonal, and monthly scales. However, at each station, 1 out of 25 stations exhibited a statistically significant trend at the annual scale; 4 stations located around the Pearl River Delta presented significant trends in summer at the seasonal scale; significant trends were observed in March (increasing trends at 3 stations), June (increasing trends at 4 stations located in the Beijiang River Basin), and October (decreasing trends at 4 stations) at the monthly scale. In accordance with the mean annual rainfall over Guangdong Province, the mean annual rainfall erosivity showed two significant periodicities of 3–6 and 10–12 years at a confidence level of 95 %. In conclusion, the results of this study provide insights into the spatiotemporal variation in rainfall erosivity in Guangdong Province and support for agrolandscape planning and water and soil conservation efforts in this region.

ACS Style

Qinghe Zhao; Qian Liu; Lijiao Ma; Shengyan Ding; Shanshan Xu; Changsong Wu; Pu Liu. Spatiotemporal variations in rainfall erosivity during the period of 1960–2011 in Guangdong Province, southern China. Theoretical and Applied Climatology 2015, 128, 113 -128.

AMA Style

Qinghe Zhao, Qian Liu, Lijiao Ma, Shengyan Ding, Shanshan Xu, Changsong Wu, Pu Liu. Spatiotemporal variations in rainfall erosivity during the period of 1960–2011 in Guangdong Province, southern China. Theoretical and Applied Climatology. 2015; 128 (1-2):113-128.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qinghe Zhao; Qian Liu; Lijiao Ma; Shengyan Ding; Shanshan Xu; Changsong Wu; Pu Liu. 2015. "Spatiotemporal variations in rainfall erosivity during the period of 1960–2011 in Guangdong Province, southern China." Theoretical and Applied Climatology 128, no. 1-2: 113-128.