The application of deep learning methods to diagnose diseases has become a new research topic in the medical field. In the field of medicine, skin disease is one of the most common diseases, and its visual representation is more prominent compared with the other types of diseases. Accordingly, the use of deep learning methods for skin disease image recognition is of great significance and has attracted the attention of researchers. In this study, we review 45 research efforts on the identification of skin disease by using deep learning technology since 2016. We analyze these studies from the aspects of disease type, data set, data processing technology, data augmentation technology, model for skin disease image recognition, deep learning framework, evaluation indicators, and model performance. Moreover, we summarize the traditional and machine learning-based skin disease diagnosis and treatment methods. We also analyze the current progress in this field and predict four directions that may become the research topic in the future. Our results show that the skin disease image recognition method based on deep learning is better than those of dermatologists and other computer-aided treatment methods in skin disease diagnosis, especially the multi deep learning model fusion method has the best recognition effect.

Most of the previous neural machine translations (NMT) rely on parallel corpus. Integrating explicitly prior syntactic structure information can improve the neural machine translation. In this article, we propose a Syntax Induced Self-Attention (SISA) which explores the influence of dependence relation between words through the attention mechanism and fine-tunes the attention allocation of the sentence through the obtained dependency weight. We present a new model, Double Syntax Induced Self-Attention (DSISA), which fuses the features extracted by SISA and a compact convolution neural network (CNN). SISA can alleviate long dependency in sentence, while CNN captures the limited context based on neighbors. DSISA utilizes two different neural networks to extract different features for richer semantic representation and replaces the first layer of Transformer encoder. DSISA not only makes use of the global feature of tokens in sentences but also the local feature formed with adjacent tokens. Finally, we perform simulation experiments that verify the performance of the new model on standard corpora.

Traffic flow prediction constitutes a fundamental component of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), playing a pivotal role in mitigating congestion, enhancing route optimization, and improving the utilization efficiency of roadway infrastructure. However, existing methods struggle in complex traffic scenarios due to static spatio-temporal embedding, restricted multi-scale temporal modeling, and weak representation of local spatial interactions. This study proposes Bi-STAT+, an enhanced bidirectional spatio-temporal attention framework to address existing limitations through three principal contributions: (1) an adaptive spatio-temporal embedding module that dynamically adjusts embeddings to capture complex traffic variations; (2) frequency-domain analysis in the temporal dimension for simultaneous high-frequency details and low-frequency trend extraction; and (3) an agent attention mechanism in the spatial dimension that enhances local feature extraction through dynamic weight allocation. Extensive experiments were performed on four distinct datasets, including two publicly benchmark datasets (PEMS04 and PEMS08) and two private datasets collected from Baotou and Chengdu, China. The results demonstrate that Bi-STAT+ consistently outperforms existing methods in terms of MAE, RMSE, and MAPE, while maintaining strong robustness against missing data and noise. Furthermore, the results highlight that prediction accuracy improves significantly with higher sampling rates, providing crucial insights for optimizing real-world deployment scenarios.

Semantic segmentation of 3D point clouds remains difficult when LiDAR or depth-camera data are sampled unevenly. This paper presents DANet, a 3D semantic segmentation framework built on joint density- and semantics-adaptive convolution. Its core operator, Density-Adaptive Radius Convolution (DAR-Conv), predicts point-wise neighborhood radii before feature aggregation by combining density-driven initialization with semantics-aware modulation. In this way, dense regions can use compact receptive fields, whereas sparse or semantically complex regions can draw on broader contextual support. DANet also includes a Gated Adaptive Cross-Layer Fusion (GACF) module, which aligns encoder–decoder features and performs gated fusion with residual refinement. Experiments on S3DIS and NPM3D show that DANet obtains the highest reported mean accuracy (mAcc) among the compared methods on S3DIS, and high mean Intersection over Union (mIoU) and overall accuracy (OA) on NPM3D, supporting the usefulness of density- and semantics-aware receptive-field adaptation.