Synthesis of MOF-5 at room temperature was optimized. The phase-pure crystalline structure with high hydrogen capacity was prepared at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The MOF-5 pressing and subsequent fractionation singificantly improves its operation properties. An adsorption apparatus was designed and assembled to study the adsorption properties of the synthesized materials under the conditions close to the real one. Experiments on studying the adsorption properties of MOF-5 under the conditions of cryogenic hydrogen adsorption showed that the samples adsorbed up 3.3 wt % H₂ at a 30 atm pressure and –196°С.

Supported catalysts Mo/Al₂O₃ in which the support was modified with additions of (NH₄)₂SiF₆ and H₃BO₃ were synthesized and tested in metathesis of propylene to ethylene and butylenes. The samples obtained were studied by low-temperature nitrogen adsorption–desorption, X-ray fluorescence analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, temperature-programmed NH₃ desorption, and in situ Raman spectroscopy. The support modification with (NH₄)₂SiF₆ does not alter the acid properties of the final catalyst, whereas the interaction of γ-Al₂O₃ with boric acid leads to an increase in the total acidity of the final catalyst. Modification of the support both with (NH₄)₂SiF₆ and with H₃BO₃ appreciably enhances the catalyst activity but favors its faster deactivation.

A one-stage gas-phase synthesis of butadiene from formaldehyde and propylene on silica-supported cesium salts of silicotungstic heteropoly acid was realized for the first time. The physicochemical properties of the catalysts were studied by X-ray fluorescence analysis, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, XRD, SEM, Raman spectroscopy, and NH₃–TPD. The coke deposits were studied by the TGA–DTA method. Analysis of the catalytic properties showed that an increase in the concentration of cesium atoms in Cs_xH_4–xSiW₁₂O₄₀/SiO₂ (x = 0–3) has a beneficial effect on the endurance of the catalyst but is accompanied by a decrease in activity and butadiene selectivity. In the case of CsH₃SiW₁₂O₄₀/SiO₂, the butadiene selectivity was 51 mol %.

Predicting the degree of crystallinity of zeolites from the initial synthesis parameters is an extremely difficult-to-solve problem. One of the ways to find the corresponding relationships is processing of data on the zeolite synthesis by machine learning algorithms. In this study, we analyzed 650 research papers and created a database including the parameters of the synthesis of MFI type zeolites and data on the degree of crystallinity of the material obtained. Finding relationships between the initial synthesis parameters and degree of crystallinity of the zeolite formed is a regression problem. In this study, it was solved by three machine learning algorithms: decision tree, random forest, and gradient boosting. To enhance the algorithm operation accuracy, we added to the initial dataset polynomial features of degrees 2–5. The gradient boosting algorithm based on data with third-degree polynomial features showed the highest accuracy in combination with the database processing rate. The mean absolute error (MAE) of the values given by the model relative to the real degrees of crystallinity was 10.3%.

In the course of this work, fluorinated catalysts MoO3/Al2O3-F for the olefins metathesis have been synthesized. The materials have been characterized by various physicochemical methods and tested in the propylene metathesis reaction. It has been shown that the support fluorination leads to partial replacement of surface hydroxyl groups by F, which is accompanied by an increase in the strength of both Lewis acid sites and residual bridging OH groups. Increasing the fluorine content on γ-Al2O3 up to 3 wt. % leads to an increase in the conversion of propylene in the metathesis reaction by 1.5 times (WHSV = 1.1 h-1, Т = 100 °С, р = 9 atm.) with a selectivity of more than 95%. However, when the reaction is carried out at atmospheric pressure, fluorinated samples show lower activity than unpromoted ones. The results of this work show that the support acidity plays an important role in propylene metathesis. The proposed method of catalyst modification opens up new possibilities for improving classical metathesis catalysts.

Amorphous mesoporous materials are promising as catalysts for processes involving or forming bulk molecules. In a reaction such as acetone condensation to form mesitylene, an effective catalyst should not only have a developed porous structure but also have active centers of acidic and basic types. The sol–gel approach allows one to obtain titanosilicates with such characteristics. This work demonstrates the possibility of controlling their properties by varying the conditions for the synthesis of titanosilicate gels. It has been established that controlling hydrolysis allows one to increase the activity of amorphous mesoporous titanosilicates by 10 times: from acetone conversion of 6% to 60%. It has been shown that the use of titanium acetylacetonate complexes in the synthesis of gels leads to an increase in the content of tetracoordinated Ti in the structure and contributes to an increase in the acidity of titanosilicates. During the condensation of acetone on the obtained mesoporous titanosilicates, high acetone conversion (60–79%) and mesitylene selectivity of up to 83% were achieved.