Background: Currently, obesity affects over 600 million individuals and is responsible for numerous severe health conditions, particularly diabetes and metabolic syndrome. The objective of our study was to examine the impact of white tea, known for its potent antioxidant properties, on the reduction in body weight as well as the levels of leptin and asprosin. Methods: A total of 72 male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly assigned to 9 groups, with each group consisting of 8 rats. The groups were partitioned into two in order to examine the preventative and therapeutic effects of white tea on obesity. During this study, the case groups were administered white tea together with a high-fat diet, whereas the positive control group was administered orlistat along with a high-fat diet through oral gavage. After the experiment concluded, the levels of leptin, asprosin, and insulin hormones were evaluated in serum samples collected from rats using the ELISA method. Results: The findings demonstrated that the administration of white tea led to a significant decrease in body weight, serum leptin, and asprosin levels, as well as oxidative stress indicators, in rats that were fed a high-fat diet. Conclusions: Utilizing natural chemicals, such as white tea, which possess minimal side effects and have powerful antioxidant activity, can mitigate the detrimental consequences associated with obesity.

Background/Objectives: Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a distinct myocardial dysfunction characterized by structural and functional changes in the heart that occur in diabetic patients independently of coronary artery disease or hypertension. It is closely associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and contributes to progressive cardiac damage. This study aimed to evaluate the cardioprotective effects of dapagliflozin (DAPA) and trimetazidine (TMZ) in a rat model of doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy with streptozotocin-induced diabetes, focusing on their potential mechanisms related to ER stress. Methods: A total of 48 Sprague Dawley rats aged 6–8 weeks were randomly distributed equally into six cages. The diabetes model was induced by intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (STZ) and rats with blood glucose levels above 250 mg/dL were considered diabetic. For those rats with diabetes, cardiotoxicity was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 5 mg/kg/week doxorubicin (DOXO) for 4 weeks. After a cumulative dose of 20 mg/kg doxorubicin, a week break was given, followed by the administration of TMZ (10 mg/kg) and/or DAPA (10 mg/kg) to the treatment groups. Results: STZ administration caused diabetes and significant degeneration in cardiomyocytes. With the addition of DOXO (STZ + DOXO), cardiomyocyte degeneration became more severe. When the study groups were histopathologically evaluated based on parameters of degenerative cardiomyocytes, vascular congestion, and edema, it was shown that both TMZ and DAPA, whether applied alone or in combination, reduced damage in heart tissue. Both TMZ and DAPA reduced cardiomyocyte damage, and their combination provided the lowest level of damage through the reduced ER stress pathway by reducing GRP 78 and CHOP positivity. Conclusions: TMZ and DAPA reduce ER stress and have protective effects against diabetic-induced cardiotoxicity. Combination therapy or TMZ was found to be more effective than DAPA in alleviating ER stress. Combination therapy appears to carry potential effects for reducing cardiac cell damage in individuals with diabetes.

Backgrounds: Approximately 18 million individuals were diagnosed with cancer in 2018. The rate is predicted to exceed 22 million by 2030. Radiotherapy is an essential part of cancer therapy, with well documented local and systemic side effects, including oxidative stress and apoptosis. Kidney tissues are also exposed to the deleterious effects of radiotherapy, resulting in acute or chronic kidney function impairment. This study compared the effects of the potent selective α2-adrenoreceptor agonist dexmedetomidine and amifostine on oxidative stress and apoptosis in kidney damage induced by x-irradiation in rats. Methods: Forty Sprague Dawley rats were assigned into five groups: control, x-irradiation, x-irradiation + amifostine, x-irradiation + dexmedetomidine 100 µg/kg, and X-ray irradiation + dexmedetomidine 200 µg/kg. Results: Necrotic tubules and degenerative Bowman’s capsules were present in the x-irradiation group. An increase was determined in malondialdehyde (MDA), Cleaved Caspase-3, and 8-OHdG levels compared to the control group (p ≤ 0.05). In contrast, there was a decrease in necrotic tubules, degenerative Bowman’s capsules, and the levels of MDA, Cleaved Caspase-3, and 8-OHdG in the amifostine and dexmedetomidine 100 µg/kg and 200 µg/kg treatment groups (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: Alpha 2 adrenergic receptor agonists exhibit protective effects against kidney injury induced in association with x-irradiation by reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis.

Introduction: Hafnium alloys are employed in medical applications due to their biocompatibility and high corrosion resistance. These alloys have demonstrated osteogenic and antimicrobial activities in surgical implants and have been utilized in the treatment of sarcoma. Additionally, a sensor based on hafnium nanoparticles has been reported for the detection of coronavirus disease 2019. Despite the increasing usage of hafnium, a literature review reveals no studies examining its effects on sperm in both human and animal species. Methods: Semen samples were analyzed according to the 2010 World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, and 20 normospermic specimens were included in the study. Three groups were formed: control, hafnium chloride 2 mg/mL, and 4 mg/mL. Motility and viability were assessed in all groups at the 20th and 40th minutes. Results: The decrease in viable sperm count was found to be significant in the 2 mg/ml HfCl4 group (difference: 12.73 ± 0.8, p<0.001) and the 4 mg/ml HfCl4 group (difference: 41.72 ± 1.34, p<0.001) compared to the control group. A time-dependent decrease in sperm viability was significant across all groups (difference: 8.93 ± 0.59, p<0.001). The decrease in viable sperm count in the 4 mg/ml HfCl4 group was significant when compared to the 2 mg/ml HfCl4 group (difference: 29 ± 1.27, p<0.001). The decrease in total motile sperm count was observed in both the 2 mg/ml HfCl4 group (difference: 12.80 ± 1.30, p<0.001) and the 4 mg/ml HfCl4 group (difference: 35.63 ± 1.12, p<0.001) compared to the control group. Additionally, the decrease in total motile sperm count in the 4 mg/ml HfCl4 group was significant compared to the 2 mg/ml HfCl4 group (difference: 22.80 ± 1.60, p<0.001). A time-dependent decrease in total motile sperm count was also significant (difference: 6.03 ± 0.49, p<0.001). Conclusion: The study determined that hafnium chloride negatively affects sperm motility and viability in vitro. These effects may be due to the presence of an acidic environment. It has been demonstrated that instruments containing this element may pose a potential risk.

X-Işını Öncesi Dönemde Hastalıklara Yaklaşım Nur HÜRSOY Unutulmuş Tıbbi Muayene Yöntemleri Hamide Betül GÜN Hemşirelik Bakımında Terk Edilen, Unutulan Uygulamalar Vacide AŞIK ÖZDEMİR Yağmur AKBAL Unutulmuş Doğum Yöntemleri ve Bebek Bakımı Filiz AKTÜRK ACAR Unutulmuş Biyokimyasal Laboratuvar Tanı Teknikleri Hülya KILIÇ Uygulaması Korkunç Sonuçları Olan İlaçlar Atilla TOPÇU Unutulan Psikiyatrik Tedaviler Uğur TEKEOĞLU Çiçek HOCAOĞLU Unutulmuş Tedavi Yöntemi Psikoşirurji ve “Phineas Gage’ Vakasının Etkisi Ayhan KANAT Serdar DURMAZ Psikiyatrik Bozukluklarda Kullanılan Cerrahi Tedaviler Burak OKUMUŞ Kara Ölüm ve Karanlık Tedaviler Cihad DÜNDAR İnsanlık Tarihinin Civa ile İmtihanı Hatice Nilden ARSLAN DDT (Dikloro Difenil Trikloroetan) Kullanımı ve Sonuçları Özlem TERZİ Aşı ve Aşılamanın Tarihçesi Handan DUMAN Eski Çağlarda Enfeksiyon Hastalıklarının Tedavisi İlknur ESEN YILDIZ Sudem M. ÇOLAK Tuba İLGAR Aybegüm ÖZŞAHİN Obezite Tedavisinde Unutulan Uygulamalar Ayten YILMAZ YAVUZ Gamzegül ALTAY Eski Çağlarda Göğüs Hastalıkları Tedavi ve Tanı Yöntemleri Esra ARSLAN AKSU Endokrinoloji ve Diyabetin Geçmişi Damla TÜFEKÇİ Katarakt Cerrahisinde Dünden Bugüne Fatma SÜMER Kulak Burun Boğaz Hastalıklarında Terk Edilmiş Cerrahiler Mehmet BİRİNCİ Özlem ÇELEBİ ERDİVANLI Genel Cerrahide Cerrahi Morbiditesi Nedeniyle Terkedilmiş Ameliyatlar Ahmet PERGEL Bahri KALYONCU Unutulan Ürolojik Cerrahi Girişimler ve Medikal Tedaviler Selim YAZAR Selma DURMAZ Hüseyin EREN Geçmişte Jinekoloji, Akıl Almaz Fertilite Tedavileri ve Doğum Yöntemleri Yeşim BAYOĞLU TEKİN Eski ve Unutulmuş Ortopedik Tedavilerin Tarihi ve Gelişimi Cengiz KAZDAL Ahmet Tunahan YILMAZ Korkunç Anestezi Yöntemleri Leyla KAZANCIOĞLU Anestezide Unutulmuş Tedaviler Şule BATÇIK Hızır KAZDAL Unutulmuş Adli Tıp Uygulamaları Hüseyin Çetin KETENCİ Muhammed Ali ÖZDEMİR Geçmişten Günümüze Kan Transfüzyonları; 350 Yılı Aşan Bir Hikaye Nurettin TIĞ Sinan SARAL Unutulmuş Radyolojik Yöntemler Gülen BURAKGAZİ Geçmişten Günümüze Ağrı Tedavisinde Elektroterapinin Yeri: Biyofiziksel Bakış Açısı Hamit YILMAZ Kanser Tedavisinde Eskiden Kullanılan Kemoterapi Dışı Onkolojik Tedaviler Murat ALAN Recep TÜRKEL Bülent ÇETİN Kanserde Unutulmuş Tedaviler Elanur KARAMAN Radyoterapide Kullanılan İmmobilizasyon Cihazlarının Gelişimi: Tarihsel Perspektif Sema YILMAZ RAKICI Ömer YAYLA Sidem GÜL Neslihan Nisa RAKICI Unutulmuş Radyoterapi Uygulamaları Özgür ALTMIŞDÖRTOĞLU Radyasyon Onkolojisinde Hesapsız Radyasyon Hesapları Hilal KIZILTUNÇ ÖZMEN Burcu SAĞLAM ALAN Tıp Tarihi ve Etik Özelindeki İçerikler Hakkında Kısa Bir Değerlendirme Nuray DEMİRCİ GÜNGÖRDÜ Seçil ÖZÇİFTÇİ Çağatay ÜSTÜN Geçmişten Günümüze Embriyolojiye Bakış Burcu DELİBAŞ Zülkar ÖZDEN Levent TÜMKAYA Histoloji Disiplininin Tarihi Zülkar ÖZDEN Tolga MERCANTEPE Levent TÜMKAYA