In the electronics sector, artificial intelligence (AI) has grown into a disruptive force that is changing how humans engage with technology and creating new opportunities. AI is expanding the capabilities of electronic devices, granting them higher intelligence, increased intuitiveness, and the ability to comprehend and react to human behavior. The purpose of this approach is to highlight the knowledge structure in artificial intelligence application in agriculture and its challenges within the European Union. A bibliometric analysis was conducted, distinguishing the following items as the main research themes: agriculture 4.0; advanced monitoring and controlling strategies in intelligent agriculture; the automation of agriculture by including practices such as cloud computing, Internet of Things (IoT), big data, blockchain, robotics and AI, information security; new skills, and responsible leadership. The regression analysis revealed that the employers’ assumption of responsibility, by ensuring opportunities for training and development of digital skills, determines the growth of added value (0.013) and its rate (0.0003). Enhancing labor productivity depends on Internet access for the integration of technologies based on artificial intelligence (1.343). An increasing employment rate of low-skilled people affects agricultural production (0.0127). The contributions of this two-dimensional approach consist in supporting the integration of digital technology in agriculture as a condition for achieving the goals of sustainable development.

Our study commemorates this event by presenting a retrospective of the publications related to the use of mathematical tools for the analysis of economic, ecological, and environmental phenomena. We analyzed 1257 scientific publications using bibliometric techniques to examine the most productive and influential authors and their contributions in the economic, ecological, and environmental fields. Co-authorship among the top authors and countries, co-occurrence of the keywords, bibliographic coupling of the documents and authors, and author co-citation were analyzed by applying network analysis techniques using VOSviewer software, identifying the intellectual structure of the research and the collaborative networks in the fields. The results show that mathematics has grown impressively in terms of publication and citation. The contributions come from all over the world, but the majority are from the People’s Republic of China and Spain. The results also show themes and trends in the economic, environmental, and ecological fields and a predominant use of mathematical tools in optimization processes in order to rigorously substantiate the decisions of investors and policymakers. Thus, our study offers support for any researcher to understand the current state of the art and develop a comprehensive understanding of journal publications.

The net profit is the primary goal of every business focused on commercial activity. It is the source of further company’s development, and it is followed by all the stakeholders. Its relative size is the basis of the shareholders return through dividends. This paper studies the influence of several factors as the company size, financing structure or assets efficiency on the net profit for the companies with positive results. The data was analyzed for a period of 12 years, from 2009 until 2020. The sample consists in 3109 companies specialized in vegetal nutrition in the Romanian Agri-sector. The company size is defined by the turnover, the financing structure is represented by the level of equity, long-term debts and short-term debts and the return on assets reflects the assets efficiency. Each factor is influencing in a different manner the net profit of the companies. The hypothesis of the study refers to the relationship between net profit and the above factors. A correlation analyses was performed using SPSS software for determining the strength and directions between variables, combined with a descriptive analyses and reliability tests as Cronbach’s and F. The results show that there is a high positive correlation with equity, a moderate positive with turnover and short-term debts, low positive with long-term debts and negligible correlation with return on assets. The conclusion is that the shareholders behavior reflected in the dividend policy can have a significant influence on the relative size of the net profit.

The objective of the study is to assess the impact of the influence factors for operating profit obtained by Romanian agriculture companies that have accessed bank loans in two consecutive years with major differences in results. The analysis was done for the year 2019 which was a very good one in term of production at national level and 2020 when the agriculture activity was affected by severe drought. The influence factors taken in consideration are turnover, equity and interest expenses. The purpose is to determine where a company is earning its profits or where is losing money and to predict the movement of the financial results considering that internal or external factors can change substantially. The research was carried out on a sample of 2220 companies from the Romanian agri-business sector. The size of the sample differentiates the study within the specialized literature. The relationship between variables was determined using a descriptive quantitative method and the multiple regression test using the SPSS software. The specialized literature is dominated by studies in which indicators are used in the form of rates, but the present study only uses indicators in absolute values. The operational income depends on the operational revenues and costs, but it is more important to observe the impact factors which can reflect the behavior of the shareholders as the level of equity or the interest expenses which can be influenced by external factors like inflation. According with the results obtained, the interest expenses have a significant influence on the operating profit and the negative effect can be amplified by decreases in turnover or equity. The effect of this relationship should be anticipated especially in the recession periods of the economy when the decrease in turnover can appear at the same time with the increase in interest cost.