• “Multiblock metabolomics” elucidates the global metabolic network in a whole body. • “Multiblock metabolomics” combines LC/MS-based metabolomics with multiblock PCA. • “Multiblock metabolomics” highlights and elicits organ-specific metabolism. • TGs with less unsaturated fatty acids were highly accumulated in the diabetic liver.

Background/Objectives: Sorghum bicolor is a source of many bioactive components, such as polyphenols. Those components are present mainly in its bran, often removed in industrial processes through decortication. In that sense, this work aimed to analyze the polyphenol content, especially free flavonoids, from the bran of a newly developed variety compared to other commercially available varieties. Methods: The samples were white sorghum TDN^® Sorgho, red sorghum Mini Sorgho, and the newly developed red sorghum RILN-156. First, decortication was conducted to obtain the bran samples, which were triturated and then sieved. The use of colorimetric methods allowed the general quantification of the polyphenolic components. First, the polyphenol content was extracted using 70% methanol. Then, the samples’ total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total tannin content, total anthocyanin content, and antioxidant potential were determined. To analyze the different components and identify the free flavonoids, an untargeted metabolomics analysis (with liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometer (LC/MS) and capillary electrophoresis coupled with a mass spectrometer (CE/MS)) was performed. Results: The results have shown that apart from anthocyanin and tannin, the newly developed variety, RILN-156, presented the highest concentration of polyphenolic content, including a higher antioxidant capacity. The exploratory analysis identified 19 flavonoids within the samples, with galangin and daidzein being the most abundant ones. Conclusions: These results show a promising finding for using this newly developed sorghum variety (RILN-156) industrially and further investigating its health benefits. They also elucidate the differences between colored sorghum within themselves and with white sorghum varieties.

A cone-type piercing mill was developed by the authors for materials with poor hot workability. This piercing mill is called “the super piercer” in Europe. It has a pair of cone-type main rolls supported at both ends with their roll axes inclined and crossed so as to enable piercing at high feed and cross angles. In order to ensure the best performance of the rotary piercing, disc rolls are adopted instead of plate guide shoes. The super piercer was put into practice at the small-diameter seamless tube plant operated in 1983. The recent progress in our research and development on the super piercer has resulted in the concept of “the new super piercer,” which allows expansion piercing. Namely, the development of the skewing technology for disc roll axes and its application to the cone-type piercing technology has realized remarkable increase in the expansion ratio. The new super piercer was adopted as the core technology of the new medium-diameter seamless tube plant operated in 1997. In this paper, studied in detail were the influences of the expansion ratio, feed and cross angles on the rotary forging effects, redundant shear deformations and power consumption.

Pemafibrate (PEM), a novel selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α modulator, is widely used to treat dyslipidemia, yet its systemic metabolic effects remain incompletely defined. We performed untargeted serum metabolomics in patients with hypertriglyceridemia at baseline and at 2 and 8 weeks after PEM treatment. PEM increased cystine, L-methionine, uridine, and L-carnitine, while decreasing lipid-related metabolites, including lysophosphatidylcholines, adenosine, and erucic acid (22:1). Circulating carnitine levels rose progressively, with a significant elevation at 8 weeks, whereas ketone bodies showed only modest, non-significant increases. Consistently, increases in circulating and tissue carnitine were also observed in male 8-week-old C57BL/6J mice treated with a clinically relevant dose of PEM for 2 weeks. Mechanistically, PEM did not significantly alter genes involved in carnitine biosynthesis or transport, but upregulated hepatic carnitine O-acetyltransferase and carnitine O-octanoyltransferase, key enzymes of carnitine utilization and turnover. Collectively, these findings suggest that enhanced carnitine metabolism represents an important metabolic axis of PEM action.