This article presents a vibration signal analysis method to diagnose helicopter turboshaft engine defects such as bearing imbalance and wear. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the development of a comprehensive approach to diagnosing helicopter turboshaft engine defects based on the vibration signals amplitude and frequency characteristics integral analysis combined with a neural network for probabilistic defect detection. Unlike existing methods, the proposed approach uses the energy criterion for the vibration characteristics. It averages the assessment of unique signal processing algorithms, which ensures reliable defect classification under flight vibration conditions. The method is based on representing vibration signals as a sum of harmonic oscillations supplemented by noise components, which helps to identify deviations from typical values. The developed method includes a state function in which the amplitudes and frequency characteristics from nominal parameters estimate deviations. When the critical threshold is exceeded, the function signals possible malfunctions. A multilayer neural network is used to classify defect types, providing high classification accuracy (from 0.985 to 0.994). Computer experiments on the developed seminaturalistic modeling stand confirm that the method can detect increased vibration levels, which is the potential failure indicator. Comparative analysis shows the proposed method’s accuracy and noise resistance superiority, emphasizing the importance of introducing modern technologies to improve aircraft operation reliability and safety.

The Criminal Code (hereinafter CC) of the Ukrainian SSR (§2, Art.41) only once provided for a crime committed by an organized group as an aggravating circumstance in any crime till 1989 [1]. At the close of 80-s and in 90-s especially the country faced a fast-growing and serious challenge from organized crime that caused a classifying circumstance - a commission by an organized criminal group (hereinafter OCG) amended in 20 articles, the Special Part, CC. Regulations, Session of the Supreme Court and Methodical Instructions, the Ministry of Interior did not give an appropriate definition of OCG. As a result law enforcement and, first of all, the Ministry of Interior agencies did not have strict legislative acts to define OCG from traditional groups of criminals. All the cited above could not but adversely affect the struggle against organized crime. According to the statistical data for 1991-2023, annual Reports on combating organized criminal groups, the Ministry of Interior the status of organized crime is as follows.

The search to explain and anticipate organized crime has become urgent in recent years with the ease of international travel and trade, the globalization of communications via the Internet, and the emergence of many new democracies in Eastern Europe and around the world that are struggling to establish themselves. Because of these changes, the likelihood that local organized crime problems move to other locations to exploit new victims is greater than ever before.