Objectives: To detect the prevalence of sexual dysfunction, and also to investigate possible risk factors that may cause sexual dysfunction in the Turkish women. Materials and Methods: The study consisted of 179 women between the ages of 18 and 66 years living in households from different sociocultural areas. The women were divided into 5 groups according to their ages: 18–27 years (n = 23), 28–37 years (n = 55), 38–47 years (n = 43), 48–57 years (n = 44) and 58–67 years (n = 14). Female sexual function was evaluated with a detailed 19-item questionnaire to assess desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction and pain. The prevalence of sexual dysfunction was calculated for each domain and compared among the groups. In addition, demographic characteristics and medical risk factors were assessed in all women, and the findings were compared between the women with and without sexual dysfunction. Results: Based on total sexual function score, 84 (46.9%) out of 179 women had sexual dysfunction. The prevalence of female sexual dysfunction was 21.7% in the ages of 18–27 years, 25.5% in the ages of 28–37 years, 53.5% in the ages of 38–47 years, 65.9% in the ages of 48–57 years and 92.9% in the ages of 58–67 years. The prevalence of sexual dysfunction for each domain also increased with age. To investigate various factors that may cause female sexual dysfunction, no significant differences were detected in smoking history (p = 0.14), marriage age (p = 0.7), the presence of previous pelvic surgery (p = 0.09), and contraception methods used (p = 0.31). However, sexual dysfunction was observed as significantly higher in the presence of older age (p = 0.001), lower educational level (p = 0.012), unemployment status (p = 0.017), chronic disease (p = 0.032), multiparity (p = 0.0027) and menopause status (p = 0.0001). Conclusions: The prevalence of female sexual dysfunction including desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction and pain problems increases with age. In addition, the presence of a lower educational level, unemployment status, chronic diseases, multiparity and menopause status are important risk factors that may cause sexual dysfunction.

The aims of this prospective study were to compare sexual functioning between women with male partners who have erectile dysfunction (ED) and women without partners with ED and also to investigate the effect of the treatment of male ED on female partner's sexual function. The study included 87 women and their male partners. We divided the women into two groups: 38 women with male partners complaining of ED (ED group) and 49 women with male partners who have no ED (control group). Of the men with ED, 30 were treated with penile prosthesis implantation (n = 17) or oral sildenafil citrate (n = 13). We evaluated all the men with the International Index of Erectile Function ( IIEF; Rosen, Cappelleri, Smith, Lipsky, & Pena, 1999 Rosen, R. C. , Cappelleri, J. C. , Smith, M. D. , Lipsky, J. and Pena, B. M. 1999. Development and evaluation of an abridged, 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) as a diagnostic tool for erectile dysfunction. International Journal of Impotence Research, 11: 319–326. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=10637462 http://www4.infotrieve.com/newmedline/detail.asp?NameID=10637462&Session=&searchQuery=International+Journal+of+Impotence+Research%5BJournal+Name%5D+AND+11%5BVolume%5D+AND+319%5BPage+Number%5D+AND+1999%5BPublication+Date%5D+AND+Rosen%5BAuthor+Name%5D&count=1 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®] [Google Scholar] ), physical examination, and color penile Doppler ultrasound. We evaluated female sexual function with the Female Sexual Function Index ( FSFI; Rosen et al., 2000 Rosen, R. , Brown, C. , Heiman, J. , Leiblum, S. , Meston, C. , Shabsigh, R. , Ferguson, D. and D'Agostino, R. Jr. 2000. The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI): A multidimensional self-report instrument for the assessment of female sexual function. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 26: 191–208. [Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] [Google Scholar] ) to assess sexual desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain. We compared female sexual function scores between the women of the male partners with and without ED and also compared before both groups and after the treatment of male partners in the ED group. Additionally, we compare the scores according to the type of treatment given to the male partners. Sexual arousal (p = 0.009), lubrication (p = 0.001), orgasm (p = 0.006), satisfaction (p = 0.000), pain (p = 0.039), and total score (p = 0.003) were highly significantly lower in the ED group than in the control group, although sexual desire did not differ between the two groups (p = 0.515). We investigated the effect of male ED on female sexual functions and found no statistically significant differences in the presence of organic type impotence, older age, and lower erection scores on the IIEF (p = 0.53, p = 0.15, and p = 0.1, respectively). After the treatment of male ED, we observed significant improvement in sexual arousal (p = 0.001), lubrication (p = 0.002), orgasm (p = 0.000), satisfaction (p = 0.000), and pain (p = 0.002) in the women. These findings suggest that female sexual function is affected by male erection status and may improve after the treatment of male sexual dysfunction.

To investigate effect of serum total testosterone and its relationship with other laboratory parameters on the prognosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in severe acute respiratory syndrome ...

We review the long-term results of varicocele repair, and compare the complication rates of varicocelectomy techniques according to optical magnification use in adolescents with varicocele at a single university hospital. We prospectively studied 100 males 7 to 19 years old with clinical palpable varicocele. Of the patients 52 (52%) underwent left unilateral varicocelectomy and 48 (48%) underwent bilateral varicocelectomy. Varicocelectomy was performed using a microscope in 49 patients (79 sites), loupe magnification in 25 (35 sites) and no magnification in 26 (34 sites) using either a subinguinal or inguinal approach. Postoperative complications were compared in all patients based on technique. Preoperative and postoperative serum hormone values and semen parameters were compared in 33 patients. Mean postoperative followup was 30.4 +/- 13.06 months (12 to 65). Total motile sperm count increased from 22.6 million +/- 5.16 million to 64.53 million +/- 12.3 million postoperatively, which was statistically significant (p = 0.002). Postoperative recurrence rates were 0% in cases managed by microsurgical varicocelectomy, 2.9% in those where loupe magnification was used and 8.8% in those where no magnification was used. Postoperative hydrocele rates in these cases were 0%, 2.9% and 5.9%, respectively. The highest rates of recurrence and hydrocele were observed in cases where no magnification was used, compared to those managed by microsurgery (p = 0.03 and p = 0.116, respectively). Adolescent varicocele repair improves semen parameters and is a safe method with low recurrence and low complication rates. Our study suggests that the postoperative complication rate significantly decreases with use of higher magnification, such as microscopy. Microsurgical varicocele repair is the best technique with the lowest postoperative rates of recurrence and hydrocele in the treatment of adolescent varicoceles.

We compared paternity rates and time to conception between adolescents with varicocele undergoing microsurgical varicocele repair and patients who did not undergo surgery and were followed conservatively. The study included 408 males 12 to 19 years old at presentation with clinical palpable varicocele. Of the patients 286 underwent microsurgical subinguinal or inguinal varicocele repair and 122 did not undergo varicocele surgery and were followed conservatively. Only men who desired conception were included in the study. We compared postoperative paternity rates, time to conception, administration of fertility treatment, and difference in sperm parameters and serum hormone levels in all men. The paternity rate was 77.3% (221 of 286 patients) in the microsurgical varicocele repair group and 48.4% (59 of 122) in the control group, revealing a highly significant difference (OR 3.63, p <0.005). Mean ± SD time to conception was significantly shorter in the microsurgical varicocele repair group (11.18 ± 6.5 months) than in the control group (16.85 ± 6.9 months, p <0.005). Respective percentages of patients with significant increase in sperm concentration and motility were significantly higher (53.8% and 62.2%) in the microsurgical varicocele repair group compared to the control group (43.4% and 46.7%, p <0.05 for both). Microsurgical varicocele repair in adolescents with varicocele significantly increases paternity rates and decreases time to conception postoperatively. Patients with varicocele who underwent microsurgical varicocele repair had increased sperm parameters and 3.63 times greater odds of paternity than controls who did not undergo varicocele surgery.