Background/Objectives: Healing of colonic anastomoses is critical to surgical recovery, particularly under obstructive ileus conditions. Adhesive biological materials such as albumin/glutaraldehyde glue (Bioglue) show potential in enhancing anastomotic healing and minimizing complications. This study investigates the effect of Bioglue on colonic anastomoses healing under obstructive ileus conditions in rats. Methods: Eighty albino Wistar rats were divided into control, ileus, Bioglue, and ileus + Bioglue groups (n = 20 each). Subgroups (n = 10) were sacrificed on the 4th or 8th postoperative day. In the control and Bioglue groups, end-to-end anastomoses were performed after colonic resection. In the ileus and ileus + Bioglue groups, obstructive ileus was induced by colonic ligation, followed by resection and primary anastomosis. Bioglue was applied in the Bioglue and ileus + Bioglue groups. Assessments included bursting pressure, peritoneal adhesion and inflammation scores, and biochemical markers (fibroblast activity, neoangiogenesis, collagen deposition, hydroxyproline, and collagenase concentrations). Results: Bursting pressure and fibroblast activity were significantly higher in the ileus + Bioglue group compared to the ileus group on both postoperative days. Although anastomotic rupture occurred in the ileus and ileus + Bioglue groups, the incidence was not significantly different from the control and Bioglue groups. Ileus + Bioglue showed significantly higher adhesion scores, inflammatory infiltration, neoangiogenesis, and collagen deposition compared to the control and ileus groups. Hydroxyproline was significantly elevated in the ileus + Bioglue group on the 8th day. Collagenase I concentrations were higher in ileus + Bioglue but not significant. Conclusions: Bioglue application enhances colonic anastomotic healing under obstructive ileus conditions, improving mechanical strength and promoting tissue repair by the 4th and 8th postoperative days. These findings support its potential clinical application.

Background/Objectives: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease with limited effective treatments, prompting the need for investigation of novel therapeutic approaches. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) have demonstrated potential anti-inflammatory properties, but their combined effects on UC have not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the combined administration of EPA and GLA on clinical and histopathologic features of experimental UC models. Methods: Thirty-six male Wistar rats were randomized in three groups (DSS group, Ensure Plus group, and Oxepa group), with twelve rats in each group. Experimental colitis was induced by administrating dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) 8%. The DSS group received tap water, the Ensure Plus group was given a high caloric diet, and the Oxepa group received a special diet containing high levels of EPA and GLA. Disease activity index (DAI) and microscopic activity index (MAI) were measured. Inflammatory markers were calculated both in blood and large intestine, liver, spleen, and lung tissue samples. Neutrophil and macrophage populations were assessed with immunohistochemistry. Results: No significant differences in the DAI index were found between the groups, but the MAI revealed statistically significant differences (p < 0.001). While no significant differences were observed in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels, interleukin-17 (IL-17) levels in the large intestine showed statistically significant differences (p = 0.05), with the Ensure Plus and Oxepa groups displaying lower levels compared to the DSS group (p = 0.021 and p = 0.043, respectively). Significant differences in neutrophil infiltration were found in both the large intestine (p < 0.001) and lungs (p = 0.002), with the Oxepa group showing fewer cells. Similarly, significant differences in macrophage infiltration were observed in the large intestine (p = 0.038) and spleen (p < 0.001), with the Oxepa group having lower macrophage counts. Conclusions: In conclusion, the combination of EPA and GLA demonstrates local anti-inflammatory effects and improves the histopathological outcomes in UC.

This study investigates the use of machine learning (ML) techniques to predict intervention response in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS) using real-world data from wearable devices. Data from 27 PwMS, monitored over two months were analyzed with several state-of-the-art ML models to predict the efficacy of a computerized cognitive intervention targeting cognitive decline. A model based on Support Vector Machines achieved high accuracy in identifying patient response within the first 2-3 weeks of intervention, aided by feature selection methods like Mutual Information and Recursive Feature Elimination. Early prediction capability enables timely therapeutic adjustments, enhancing personalization of treatment and improving patient quality of life.