Background: Cardiomyopathy, including dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), is a major cause of heart failure (HF) and a leading indication for heart transplantation. Of these patients, 20–50% have a genetic cause, so understanding the genetic basis of cardiomyopathy will provide knowledge about the pathogenesis of the disease for diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and genetic counseling for families. Methods: This study collected nine patients from different Vietnamese families for genetic analysis at The Cardiovascular Center, E Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam. The patients were diagnosed with cardiomyopathy based on clinical symptoms. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed in the Vietnamese patients to identify variants associated with cardiomyopathy, and the Sanger sequencing method was used to validate the variants in the patients’ families. The influence of the variants was predicted using in silico analysis tools. Results: Nine heterozygous variants were detected as a cause of disease in the patients, three of which were novel variants, including c.284C>G, p.Pro95Arg in the MYL2 gene, c.2356A>G, p.Thr786Ala in the MYH7 gene, and c.1223T>A, p.Leu408Gln in the DES gene. Two other variants were pathogenic variants (c.602T>C, p.Ile201Thr in the MYH7 gene and c.1391G>C, p.Gly464Ala in the PTPN11 gene), and four were variants of uncertain significance in the ACTA2, ANK2, MYOZ2, and PRKAG2 genes. The results of the in silico prediction software showed that the identified variants were pathogenic and responsible for the patients’ DCM. Conclusions: Our results contribute to the understanding of cardiomyopathy pathogenesis and provide a basis for diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and genetic counseling.

Objective: To evaluate long - term outcomes and identify risk factors for late complications after the Fontan procedure in patients with single - ventricle physiology. Methods: A cross - sectional descriptive study was conducted on 90 patients who underwent Fontan procedure at E Hospital between 2011 and 2019 and were invited for follow - up examinations from July to October 2025. Results: Mean follow - up duration was 9.1 ± 2.0 years. Freedom from rehospitalization was 72.2%, and 86.7% required no reintervention; Late complications included protein - losing enteropathy (PLE) (11.1%), liver disease (36.7%), arrhythmia (4.4%), atrioventricular valve dysfunction (24,4%), and Fontan obstruction (3.3%). Independent risk factors for occurrence of PLE: follow - up ≥ 8 years (OR = 3.40), EF < 55% (OR = 4.95), hepatic venous reflux (OR = 3.75). Arrhythmia: follow-up ≥ 8 years (OR = 3.95), moderate AV valve regurgitation (OR = 4.85), Fontan flow reflux (OR = 3.45). Conclusions: The Fontan procedure provides favorable long - term outcomes; however, late complications remain significant. Lifelong surveillance is essential for optimal management.