Given the increasing demand for biocompatible implant materials in regenerative engineering, novel surface modification techniques are essential to enhance tissue integration, durability, and corrosion resistance. This study investigates the application of plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), a high-voltage anodic oxidation technique, for the surface modification of magnesium (Mg) implants. The research emphasizes both functionality enhancement and process sustainability, adhering to green chemistry principles. A comprehensive analysis was conducted to evaluate the physicochemical and biological properties of the modified surfaces. The chemical structure of the coatings was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (ASA). Surface morphology and composition were examined via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while wettability was assessed through contact angle measurements. Additionally, biodegradation and biocorrosion studies were performed to evaluate stability, and cytotoxicity was tested using MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells. Results demonstrated that carefully optimized PEO process parameters, combined with appropriate electrolyte compositions, enabled the formation of MgO coatings with significantly enhanced stability, reduced biocorrosion, and improved biocompatibility. These findings indicate the potential of surface-modified magnesium implants for advanced biomedical applications.

This study presents the development and comprehensive evaluation of magnesium-based implants with surface modifications using selected polymers and bioactive compounds. The implants were fabricated via plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), followed by the application of chitosan, polydopamine (PDA), and gold nanoparticles as bioactive surface coatings. In vitro experiments, including FT-IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), wettability tests, biodegradation assays in simulated body fluid (SBF), electrochemical corrosion analysis, and cytotoxicity tests using MG-63 osteoblast-like cells, were employed to assess the physicochemical and biological properties of the materials. The PEO + PDA-modified samples demonstrated the highest corrosion resistance (−1.15 V corrosion potential), enhanced cell viability (~95%), and favorable surface wettability (contact angle ~12.5°), outperforming other tested configurations. These findings suggest that PEO combined with PDA offers a synergistic effect, leading to superior biocompatibility and degradation control compared to unmodified magnesium or single-coating strategies. The developed implants hold promise for orthopedic applications requiring biodegradable, bioactive, and cytocompatible materials.

This study aimed to develop a novel type of biodegradable magnesium (Mg)-based implant with enhanced biological activity through surface modification using plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) combined with the incorporation of rare earth ions (Eu and Gd). Magnesium is recognized for its lightweight nature, biocompatibility, and bone-like mechanical properties, making it a promising alternative to titanium implants. Unlike titanium, Mg-based biomaterials can be safely used in pediatric surgery due to their ability to degrade naturally within the body. However, pure magnesium is highly reactive in physiological fluids, necessitating surface modifications to mitigate biocorrosion prior to clinical application. To address this challenge, the PEO process was employed, resulting in surface passivation and the formation of a protective coating. Experimental evaluations demonstrated reduced biodegradation rates and magnesium ion release, confirming the beneficial role of rare earth elements in decreasing reactivity. Wettability tests indicated high hydrophilicity, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed appropriate surface morphology and element deposition conducive to bone regeneration. Electrochemical analyses further validated the protective efficacy of the magnesium oxide layers enhanced with rare earth ions. Finally, in vitro cytotoxicity tests on the MG-63 osteosarcoma cell line confirmed the biocompatibility of the modified magnesium implants. Overall, this study highlights the potential of Mg-based biomaterials, modified through PEO and rare earth ion incorporation, for use in medical implants.

The development of sustainable and functional surface coatings has become a central theme in materials science due to increasing environmental concerns and expanding biomedical needs. This study reports the preparation and characterization of bio-based polylactic acid (PLA) nanofibrous coatings fabricated by electrospinning, aimed at delivering biodegradable and bioactive surfaces with controlled release functionality. Electrospinning enabled the formation of uniform nanofibrous coatings with high surface area and morphology reminiscent of extracellular matrices, presenting potential as multifunctional coating platforms. The obtained coatings were systematically evaluated for their physicochemical and biological properties, including antioxidant activity, cytocompatibility, and the controlled release of acetylsalicylic acid as a model bioactive agent. Release behavior was analyzed to elucidate the dominant transport mechanisms, revealing a biphasic profile characterized by an initial burst followed by sustained diffusion-controlled release. These results demonstrate that the electrospun PLA coatings successfully combine biodegradability, bioactivity, and tunable release properties within a bio-based polymer coating format. The findings highlight the potential of such bio-based polymer coatings for biomedical applications where biodegradable and functional surface solutions are required, and contribute to the broader advancement of eco-friendly and multifunctional coating technologies.