We aimed to show the relationship between recurrence of wheezing and serum levels of vitamin D, zinc, and copper in wheezy children compared with a healthy group.

Leptin is mainly produced in adipose tissue and released into systemic circulation. Leptin and its receptor LEPR activate the Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription signaling cascade and increase cytokine discharge. In our study, we aimed to examine the role of leptin gene (LEP) rs7799039 and LEPR rs1137101 polymorphisms on the susceptibility for febrile neutropenia (FEN) attacks and their relationship with clinical findings during the course of FEN. This study included pediatric patients with a diagnosis of malignancy who applied to the pediatric emergency department between December 2019 and June 2022 and healthy controls. The genotypes of the LEP rs7799039 and LEPR rs1137101 genes were statistically compared between patients and healthy controls. In addition, the relationship between the genotype distribution of LEP rs7799039 and LEPR rs1137101 polymorphisms and clinical features during the course of FEN was investigated. In the statistical analysis in terms of LEP rs7799039 and LEPR rs1137101 genotype distributions between the patient and healthy groups, there was no significant difference. Patients with the AA genotype of LEPR rs1137101 polymorphism had significantly more commonly a body mass index (BMI) value of <25, and all the patients with the AG/GG genotype had a BMI value of 25 and above. LEP rs7799039 and LEPR rs1137101 genotype distributions were not statistically significant with other clinical features. It was revealed that leptin gene polymorphisms did not have a significant effect during the course of FEN.

Objective: This study aimed to compare bone marrow aspirate (BMA) multicolor flow cytometry (MFC) analysis and bone marrow biopsy (BMB) in detecting bone marrow (BM) involvement in children with neuroblastoma (NB) at diagnosis and during follow-up. Materials and Methods: A total of 132 BM samples from 39 patients (M/F ratio: 19/20; median age: 38 months) with neuroblastoma were simultaneously obtained for evaluation. The samples were investigated for BM involvement using BMB and MFC. Results: A comparison between MFC (n: 60) and BMB (n: 60) was possible for 120 samples. When BMB was considered as the reference standard, MFC had diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 86%, 58%, 54%, and 88%, respectively, and values of 90%, 57%, 60%, and 89%, respectively, at diagnosis. The median proportion of CD45−/CD56+ cells in MFC was 0.028% (range 0–35%). The event-free survival (EFS) rates for MFC (+) and MFC (−) patients according to the analysis results of the BM samples at the time of diagnosis were 70.6% and 81.8%, respectively (p = 0.607), and the overall survival (OS) rates were 88.2% in MFC (+) patients and 90.9% in MFC (−) patients (p = 0.583). Conclusion: Multicolor flow cytometry may be used as an adjunct to cytomorphology to achieve more sensitive and accurate results as an objective, quantitative method with fast results in detecting bone marrow involvement in children with NB.

Objective: This study aimed to reveal whether patients with thalassemia major, who were followed up in our clinic, were given information about hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) preparations, results, and complications. Materials and Methods: A total of 190 patients diagnosed with thalassemia major between 1991 and 2019 at the Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Clinics of Istanbul Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Education and Research Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Median age of the patients and follow-up time were 9 years (range 1-5) and 42.9 months (range 1-285), respectively. The IVSI-110 was the most frequently (30.4%) encountered mutation; there was no information about HSCT in 28 patients’ files, 36 patients had no human leucocyte antigen-matched donors, and 38 patients had undergone HSCT. Pretransplant median ferritin levels in thalassemia major patients who had undergone HSCT and who had not undergone HSCT were 1751 ng/mL (350–4000) and 1300 ng/mL (396-4000) (P = .149), respectively. The median age of HSCT was 6.5 years, and 24 patients were transplanted from human leucocyte antigen-matched sibling donors, 8 from human leucocyte antigen-matched family donors, and 5 patients from human leucocyte antigen-matched unrelated donors with the myeloablative conditioning regimen. Acute and chronic complication rate was higher in patients transplanted from human leucocyte antigen-matched family donors compared to human leucocyte antigen-matched sibling donors (50% vs 28% and 60% vs 8.3%), respectively; complication odd ratio was 6.7 (%95 CI 1.4-32). Conclusion: Human leukocyte antigen typing, donor search, and timely information about HSCT were noted to be performed in two-thirds of the thalassemia major patients, and around half of the patients underwent HSCT. Both acute and chronic complications were significantly higher in patients transplanted from matched unrelated donors. Cite this article as: Ayçiçek A, Kalkan S, Uysalol Paslı E, et al. Hematopoietic stem cell Transplantation and results in pediatric patients with thalassemia major: single-center study. Turk Arch Pediatr. 2022;57(5):516-520.