Rapid industrialization, urbanization, and human activities in catchments have presented a significant global challenge in removing heavy metal contaminants from wastewater. Here, a study was conducted to synthesize a nano-magnetic dendrimer based on a trimesoyl core that can be easily separated from the environment using an external magnet (Fe₃O₄@NR-TMD-G1, Fe₃O₄@NR-TMD-G2). The synthesized structure was characterized using various conventional techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis (BET). The prepared adsorbent showed good binding ability and excellent adsorption efficiency toward Pb(II) and Cd(II) metal ions from aqueous media (98.5%, 93.6%). The effect of different conditions including pH, adsorbate concentration, adsorbent dosage, isotherm, kinetics, and adsorption mechanism was considered. The highest adsorption efficiency was achieved at 25 °C and pH 4 using 0.08 g of Fe₃O₄@NR-TMD-G1, within 25 minutes for Pb(II) and 120 minutes for Cd(II), respectively. Batch adsorption experiments revealed that Fe₃O₄@NR-TMD-G1 was more effective in removing Pb(II) and Cd(II) compared to Fe₃O₄@NR-TMD-G2, with maximum capacities of 130.2 mg g⁻¹ and 57 mg g⁻¹, respectively. The adsorption process followed the Langmuir isotherm with a high correlation coefficient (R² = 0.9952, 0.9817) and non-linear pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Density functional theory (DFT) analysis indicated that the adsorbent transferred electrons to Pb(II) and Cd(II), forming stable chelates on the nanostructure surface. The heavy metal ions could be adsorbed by coordination to the heteroatoms of the nanostructure and also by electrostatic interactions. The recycled hybrid nanomaterial was dried and applied to different adsorption–desorption tests and the desorption efficiency was found to be 98%. So, the newly synthesized dendritic magnetic nanostructure demonstrated significant potential in efficient removal of metal ions from water and wastewater, highlighting its importance in addressing the global challenge of heavy metal contamination.

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C(12)H(18)S(5), no significant inter-molecular π-π inter-actions are found. Weak inter-molecular C-S⋯π [S⋯centroid = 3.787 (1) Å] inter-actions and van der Waals forces may be effective in the stabilization of the structure.

C-H activation is a powerful strategy for forming C-C bonds without the need for prefunctionalization. In this paper, we present a general, direct, and regioselective palladium-catalyzed functionalization of a phosphorus heterocycle, 2-phenyl-1H-isophosphinoline 2-oxide. The mild reaction conditions enabled the introduction of various functionalized alkenes. Moreover, the flame-retardant properties of selected products clearly highlighted the synergy between the phosphine oxide and another heteroatom-based group, even in the condensed phase.

This study focuses on the synthesis, properties, and comparative analysis of new flame-retardant compounds: coumarins and isophosphinolines. These compounds feature a diarylphosphine oxide (DAPO) substituent at the β-position relative to both the carbonyl and the phosphoryl groups. Various derivatives with halogens, phosphorus, and/or aromatics substituents were synthetized and their thermal stability and flammability were evaluated at the microscale by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and pyrolysis–combustion flow calorimetry (PCFC) in order to identify the most promising molecules for use as flame-retardant (FR) additives or comonomers. FTIR-coupled PCFC analysis was also carried out to study the combustion profiles of the molecules. Beyond the confirmation of some expected trends, such as the char promotion of phosphorus and flame inhibition of halogens, the study revealed some unexpected findings that warrant further investigation. These include the prominent role of the chlorine substitution position on the aromatic ring, as well as significant differences in FR performance between diastereoisomers.