The purpose of this prospective case–control study is to investigate the correlation of the miR-143 gene rs353292 polymorphism in Caucasian women with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) compared to a matched control group with at least one live birth and without pregnancy losses. In total, 110 women with recurrent pregnancy losses and 95 control women were recruited. Peripheral blood was collected from all women, and the isolation of DNA was performed with Monarch Genomic DNA Purification. Polymerase chain reaction was applied to amplify the DNA sequence of the miR-143 gene promoter, carrying the polymorphism rs353292. The incidence of genotype CC in the RPL group was statistically significantly higher than in control group (p < 0.0001). Allele C (CT + CC) in the control group was found in 47.36%, and in the RPL group was found in 68.17% (p = 0.006). SNP rs353292 T>C was associated with increased risk of recurrent pregnancy loss. The calculated odds ratio for CT + CC vs. TT and for CC vs. TT were significant higher (p = 0.0028 and p < 0.0001, respectively). The study results suggest that the rs353292 polymorphism is associated with a statistically significant increase in RPL prevalence. The present study provides additional evidence in favor of a shared pathophysiological mechanism that contributes to both RPLs, potentially through inflammatory processes and epithelial–mesenchymal transition dysregulation.

Chlamydia is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) worldwide. In 2020, the global prevalence was estimated to be 4.0% among women and 2.5% among men aged 15 to 49 years. In more than 80% of cases, the infection is asymptomatic, thereby increasing the risk of subsequent infections. Complications in women can include chronic pain, pelvic inflammatory disease, and an increased risk of ectopic pregnancies. Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections can be diagnosed using several techniques, including cell culture, immunofluorescence, enzyme immunoassays, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR is regarded as the gold standard for screening and detection of CT. We conducted a three-year retrospective study from January 2022 to December 2024, collecting 4241 cervicovaginal swab samples from outpatient gynecology patients. The overall prevalence of CT in our study was 2.02%. An increase in CT detection during the study period was observed: from 24 cases (1.7%) in 2022 to 30 cases (2%; p = 0.64) in 2023 and 32 cases (2.35%; p = 0.26) in 2024. The highest proportion of cases was observed in the 20–24 and 25–34 age groups. Notably, 7 out of 10 cases were asymptomatic. Risk factors for chlamydial infections include behavioral factors, such as having multiple sexual partners and engaging in risky sexual practices, as well as social and lifestyle influences.