Rare earth elements (REE), with their distinct physical and chemical properties, are critical components of green economic development. Intensive exploitation and application of REE are wreaking havoc on the environment. But research on REE is still limited to a small number and in a few countries. With the growing interest of REE in modern technologies and their potential ecological risks, phytoextraction seems promising for both REE pollution reduction and resource circulation. This paper summarizes the recent findings in the literature concerning REE hyperaccumulating plants and relevant accumulation mechanisms. Additional interests should be focused on a broader range of plant species and a global scale to achieve a sustainable REE supply.

Rare earth elements, particularly middle and heavy rare earth, are among the most valuable resources in the pursuit of a greener economy. The production of middle and heavy rare earth elements heavily relies on ion adsorption, which constitutes over 80% of global output and is centered in southern China. Unfortunately, the extensive mining activities have led to severe environmental pollution, resource depletion, and risks to human health. In contrast, biochar application offers a cost-effective and efficient phytoremediation solution. However, existing literature on the biochar application in IAT-Res mine tailings is limited. In this paper, we conducted a literature review and summarized the contaminations in the ion adsorption mine tailings, as well as explored the potential of using biochar to remediate contaminations. We aim to raise interest and encourage further research on utilizing biochar for pollution remediation in ion adsorption rare earth mine tailings. By effectively managing contamination, this approach can contribute to the sustainable supply of ion adsorption rare earth elements while ensuring their long-term viability.