Purpose – The objective of this article is to conduct an empirical investigation into the manner in which green supply chain management (GSCM) methods affect Indian industry performance. This empirical study evaluates the degree to which Indian organizations have embraced green practices in order to determine their competitiveness in the context of the expanding demand to put eco-friendly policies into place and improve performance. Organizations can use the results to pinpoint areas that need improvement and direct their efforts in those directions.Design/methodology/approach – For data collection combine online and offline methods was used. The validity of the study was significantly influenced by the caliber of respondents and response rate. Since they were thought to be familiar with GSCM practices, corporate executives and managers from a range of departments, including operations, manufacturing, purchasing, sales and distribution, production, and materials, were among the target respondents. The automotive, machine tool, pharmaceutical, electronics, and plastics industries were the main subjects of the survey. Structural equation modeling was used analyse data collected from 156 industries across India.Findings –This article offers a research approach that finds connections between GSCM practices and an organization's operational, financial, and environmental performance that are both good and substantial.Research constraints and implications – This research article's findings are limited to specific industrial sectors, like electronics and electrical, machine tools, medicines, and auto industry. Hence, there may be limited applicability of the outcome of this research paper to other industries.Practical implications – The results of the empirical research indicate that companies of all sizes, whether they are located in developed or developing nations, must adopt GSCM practices. Therefore, organisations should invest more in the implementation of a range of GSCM practices in order to achieve greater organisational performance.Originality/value –Conclusions of this research paper are valuable because they shed light on the significance of GSCM practices and how they affect organisational performance for decision-makers in businesses. Additionally, a multidimensional construct of GSCM practices has been constructed and validated by this study, which can help decision-makers assess how effective their existing GSCM practices are inside their organisations.