In classical schedule problems, the actual processing time of a job is a fixed constant, but in the actual production process, the processing time of a job is affected by a variety of factors, two of which are the learning effect and resource allocation. In this paper, single-machine scheduling problems with resource allocation and a time-dependent learning effect are investigated. The actual processing time of a job depends on the sum of normal processing times of previous jobs and the allocation of non-renewable resources. With the convex resource consumption function, the goal is to determine the optimal schedule and optimal resource allocation. Three problems arising from two criteria (i.e., the total resource consumption cost and the scheduling cost) are studied. For some special cases of the problems, we prove that they can be solved in polynomial time. More generally, we propose some accurate and intelligent algorithms to solve these problems.

In practical problems, in addition to the processing time of the job, the impact of the time required for delivering the service to customers on the cost is also considered, i.e., delivery time, where the job processing time is a simple linear function of its starting time. This paper considers the impact of past-sequence-dependent delivery times (which can be referred to as $psddt$) on the studied objectives in three types of due windows (common, slack and different due windows). This serves to minimize the weighted sum of earliness, tardiness, starting time and size of due window, where the weights (coefficients) are related to the location. Through the theoretical analysis of the optimal solution, it is found that these three problems can be solved in time $O\left(N\log N\right)$, respectively, where N is the number of jobs.

Under just-in-time production, this paper studies a single machine common due-window (denoted by CONW) assignment scheduling problem with position-dependent weights and resource allocations. A job’s actual processing time can be determined by the resource assigned to the job. A resource allocation model is divided into linear and convex resource allocations. Under the linear and convex resource allocation models, our goal is to find an optimal due-window location, job sequence and resource allocation. We prove that the weighted sum of scheduling cost (including general earliness–tardiness penalties with positional-dependent weights) and resource consumption cost minimization is polynomially solvable. In addition, under the convex resource allocation, we show that scheduling (resp. resource consumption) cost minimization is solvable in polynomial time subject to the resource consumption (resp. scheduling) cost being bounded.