Background. To evaluate the effects of everolimus on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Methods. Wistar albino rats were divided into control, ischemia-reperfusion (IR), and ischemia-reperfusion/everolimus (IR/eve) groups. Everolimus was administered for seven consecutive days to the IR/eve group prior to injury. IR and IR/eve groups underwent forty-five minutes ischemia followed by the application of reperfusion at 2 and 24 hours. Blood samples and kidneys were taken from all animals. Results. Serum blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels increased at two hours of reperfusion in the IR and IR/eve groups, and decreased at 24 hours of reperfusion in the IR group. In the IR/eve group, we detected significantly high interleukin-6 levels and low tumor necrosis factor-α and malondialdehyde levels at 24 hours. Myeloperoxidase levels increased at two hours of reperfusion in the IR/eve group, but decreased significantly at 24 hours. Everolimus did not improve renal tubular and interstitial injuries in renal IRI. Conclusions. It has been demonstrated that pretreatment with everolimus has beneficial effects on cytokines and oxidative stress in renal IRI. However, these effects are insufficient for the correction of histopathological changes and restoration of normal kidney function.

Lactococcus lactis is a Gram-positive bacterium, commonly used in the dairy industry. Although Lactococcus lactis is known to be non-pathogenic for humans, it can cause infection in immunocompromized patients. We report a case of peritonitis due to L. lactis in a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patient, which is the second reported case in the literature.