The manuscript deals with a new unit distribution that depends on two positive parameters. The distribution itself was obtained from the Gumbel distribution, i.e., by its transformation, using generalized logistic mapping, into a unit interval. In this way, the so-called Gumbel-logistic unit (abbr. GLU) distribution is obtained, and its key properties, such as cumulative distribution function, modality, hazard and quantile function, moment-based characteristics, Bayesian inferences and entropy, have been investigated in detail. Among others, it is shown that the GLU distribution, unlike the Gumbel one which is always positively asymmetric, can take both asymmetric forms. An estimation of the parameters of the GLU distribution, based on its quantiles, is also performed, together with asymptotic properties of the estimates thus obtained and their numerical simulation. Finally, the GLU distribution has been applied in modeling the empirical distributions of some real-world data related to telecommunications.

In this manuscript, a new two-parameter stochastic distribution is proposed and obtained by a continuous half-logistic transformation of the quasi-Lindley (QL) distribution to the unit interval. The resulting distribution, named the quasi-Lindley half-logistic unit (QHU) distribution, is examined in terms of its key stochastic properties, such as asymmetry conditions, shape and modality, moments, etc. In addition, the stochastic dominance of the proposed distribution with respect to its parameters is considered, and it is shown that the QHU distribution, in contrast to the QL distribution that is always positively asymmetric, can have both asymmetric forms. The parameters of the QHU distribution are estimated by the maximum likelihood (ML) method, and the asymptotic properties of thusly obtained estimators are examined. Finally, an application of the proposed distribution in modeling some real-world phenomena is also presented.

This manuscript is a continuation of the research published in Fire 2025, 8(8), 302, i.e., it deals with the examination of the cause-and-effect relationships of fires in the Republic of Serbia from the aspect of human safety. Among others, variables related to gender, age, and severity of injuries caused by fires are introduced, on which various methods of statistical analysis and stochastic modeling are first applied. Continuous age variables are modelled using the flexible Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale, and Shape (GAMLSS) framework, where the Generalized Normal Distribution (GND) is identified as the optimal generative model for injuries, while a Reflected Log-Normal Distribution with positive support (RefLOGND+) provides the best fit for fatalities. The quality of such modeling is formally verified, and the probabilities of injury and death of individuals in certain age categories are predicted, revealing a pronounced concentration of injuries in the working-age population and a markedly higher relative risk of fatal outcomes among elderly individuals. Thereafter, by applying certain Data Mining (DM) techniques, primarily the Apriori algorithm, the most frequently occurring association rules are found, which indicate typical patterns and demographic structure of injuries and deaths in fires in Serbia. Finally, using the CART (Classification and Regression Trees) algorithm, several decision trees are formed that describe the impact and relationship of different causes of fires on injury and death in fires. In this way, some important and frequent patterns are observed that indicate key fire risk factors that significantly affect the demographic structure of human casualties. The results thus obtained provide a basis for developing targeted strategies for fire prevention and improving emergency response planning.

Sustainable tourism is essential for preserving natural habitats and represents a vital component of sustainable development. This study addresses a business decision-making problem related to natural resource conservation and habitat protection through waste management and IT applications in the Serbian hotel sector. Tourism in Serbia and the Western Balkans represents a sensitive issue concerning the balance between economic development and environmental protection. Therefore, the multi-criteria optimization methods Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) are applied to address this problem. To achieve this goal, a hierarchical model was developed that considers nine criteria and four alternatives. The alternatives considered are: service user satisfaction, service cost, waste minimization, and service quality. The developed model was analyzed using a hybrid AHP–TOPSIS approach to identify the optimal alternative. The results indicate that environmental waste prevention ranks highest among all considered alternatives and plays a significant role in the development of sustainable tourism in Serbia.

A number of methods and techniques can be used in the decision making process. The first systems that began to support decision-making, as a separate scientific discipline, were decision support systems. The goal was to create decision-making elements and, on the basis of this, make a quality choice for admission of candidates/teachers into employment. The starting point for the selection of candidates for the post of teacher was verbal check /assessment, ie interview, assessment at the internal test and work experience. Auxiliary elements are defined as communicativeness, that is, in the given work situation, and the average achieved during the studies. The method used in the decision-making process is the AHP method. AHP provides an interactive analysis of the sensitivity of the evaluation process to the final ranking elements of the hierarchy. By structuring the problem, that is, by defining the goal and the decision criteria for the selection of teachers in the work relation, an optimal solution is defined.

Sustainable tourism is a necessity to preserve natural habitats, thus presenting a vital part of achieving sustainable development. This work aims to address a business decision problem related to the conservation of natural resources and the protection of habitats through waste management and IT applications in the hotel sector in Serbia. Tourism in Serbia presents a sensitive issue regarding the balance between the economy and ecology. Thus, the multi-criteria optimisation method of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), can help to tackle this problem. To achieve this goal, a hierarchical model was developed that considers nine criteria and four alternatives. The alternatives considered are: service user satisfaction, service cost, waste minimisation, and service quality. The developed model was analysed to select the best alternative using AHP and TOPSIS as a hybrid approach. The analysis shows that (environmental) waste prevention ranks first among all considered alternatives and plays an important role in the development of sustainable tourism in Serbia.