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Neil Stephen Lopez
Mechanical Engineering Department, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines

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Journal article
Published: 20 July 2021 in Energy
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The global effort to decarbonize electricity production requires the concurrent phaseout of fossil fuel-fired power plants coupled with the installation of new renewable energy capacity. The requirement for the latter capacity may be prohibitive in cases where deep greenhouse gas emissions cuts are sought. Electricity trading among countries provides an opportunity to aggregate electricity sources and demands and reduce incremental new renewable energy generation. Carbon emissions limits of each country can be met if a renewable energy certification system is in place. In this work, a modified Carbon Emissions Pinch Analysis (CEPA) approach is developed to determine the minimum renewable energy target for a group of countries with an electricity trading agreement. CEPA is implemented here both graphically and via the Automated Targeting Model (ATM). The effectiveness of this approach for carbon-constrained energy planning is illustrated using three case studies, which include a case study based on countries in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). The case study results show that electricity trading can reduce new aggregated renewable energy capacity by 9 TWh. Furthermore, the case studies demonstrate reduced investments in renewable energy generation capacity and avoiding energy assets from being stranded in some cases.

ACS Style

Neil Stephen A. Lopez; Dominic C.Y. Foo; Raymond R. Tan. Optimizing regional electricity trading with Carbon Emissions Pinch Analysis. Energy 2021, 237, 121544 .

AMA Style

Neil Stephen A. Lopez, Dominic C.Y. Foo, Raymond R. Tan. Optimizing regional electricity trading with Carbon Emissions Pinch Analysis. Energy. 2021; 237 ():121544.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Neil Stephen A. Lopez; Dominic C.Y. Foo; Raymond R. Tan. 2021. "Optimizing regional electricity trading with Carbon Emissions Pinch Analysis." Energy 237, no. : 121544.

Journal article
Published: 16 July 2021 in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
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Countries globally have committed to deploy electric vehicles immensely within the decade. However, these deployments at an early stage come at a huge cost to governments. The high ownership costs of electric vehicles require them to be supported by subsidies, tax exemptions and other incentives – not to mention the costs of installing new charging infrastructure. Several cost-benefit studies have looked into various components, and this present work aims to contribute to the literature by estimating the impact to the country's trade deficit or surplus. While ownership cost parity between electric vehicles and internal combustion vehicles might be farfetched, the modeling results in this study show that electric vehicles can achieve societal cost-benefit parity with internal combustion vehicles within the decade. This finding can provide a strong justification for subsidies and incentives provided to electric vehicles. To conclude, the authors provide some policy implications supporting the local production of electric vehicles.

ACS Style

Neil Stephen Lopez; Lew Andrew Tria; Leo Allen Tayo; Rovinna Janel Cruzate; Carlos Oppus; Paul Cabacungan; Igmedio Isla; Arjun Ansay; Teodinis Garcia; Kevien Cabarrubias-Dela Cruz; Jose Bienvenido Manuel Biona. Societal cost-benefit analysis of electric vehicles in the Philippines with the inclusion of impacts to balance of payments. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2021, 150, 111492 .

AMA Style

Neil Stephen Lopez, Lew Andrew Tria, Leo Allen Tayo, Rovinna Janel Cruzate, Carlos Oppus, Paul Cabacungan, Igmedio Isla, Arjun Ansay, Teodinis Garcia, Kevien Cabarrubias-Dela Cruz, Jose Bienvenido Manuel Biona. Societal cost-benefit analysis of electric vehicles in the Philippines with the inclusion of impacts to balance of payments. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2021; 150 ():111492.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Neil Stephen Lopez; Lew Andrew Tria; Leo Allen Tayo; Rovinna Janel Cruzate; Carlos Oppus; Paul Cabacungan; Igmedio Isla; Arjun Ansay; Teodinis Garcia; Kevien Cabarrubias-Dela Cruz; Jose Bienvenido Manuel Biona. 2021. "Societal cost-benefit analysis of electric vehicles in the Philippines with the inclusion of impacts to balance of payments." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 150, no. : 111492.

Journal article
Published: 22 June 2021 in Energies
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Electric vehicle (EV) use is growing at a steady rate globally. Many countries are planning to ban internal combustion engines by 2030. One of the key issues needed to be addressed before the full-scale deployment of EVs is ensuring energy security. Various studies have developed models to simulate and study hourly electricity demand from EV charging. In this study, we present an improved model based on discrete event simulation, which allows for modeling characteristics of individual EV users, including the availability of electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) outside homes and the charging threshold of each EV user. The model is illustrated by simulating 1000 random electric vehicles generated using data from an actual survey. The results agree with previous studies that daily charging demands do not significantly vary. However, the results show a significant shift in charging schedule during weekends. Moreover, the simulation demonstrated that the charging peak demand can be reduced by as much as 11% if EVSEs are made more available outside homes. Interestingly, a behavioral solution, such as requiring users to fully utilize their EV’s battery capacity, is more effective in reducing the peak demand (14–17%). Finally, the study concludes by discussing a few potential implications on electric vehicle charging policy.

ACS Style

Neil Lopez; Adrian Allana; Jose Biona. Modeling Electric Vehicle Charging Demand with the Effect of Increasing EVSEs: A Discrete Event Simulation-Based Model. Energies 2021, 14, 3734 .

AMA Style

Neil Lopez, Adrian Allana, Jose Biona. Modeling Electric Vehicle Charging Demand with the Effect of Increasing EVSEs: A Discrete Event Simulation-Based Model. Energies. 2021; 14 (13):3734.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Neil Lopez; Adrian Allana; Jose Biona. 2021. "Modeling Electric Vehicle Charging Demand with the Effect of Increasing EVSEs: A Discrete Event Simulation-Based Model." Energies 14, no. 13: 3734.

Journal article
Published: 11 June 2021 in Sustainability
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The general framework of the bottom-up approach for modeling mobile emissions and energy use involves the following major components: (1) quantifying traffic flow and (2) calculating emission and energy consumption factors. In most cases, researchers deal with complex and arduous tasks, especially when conducting actual surveys in order to calculate traffic flow. In this regard, the authors are introducing a novel method in estimating mobile emissions and energy use from road traffic flow utilizing crowdsourced data from Google Maps. The method was applied on a major highway in the Philippines commonly known as EDSA. Results showed that a total of 370,855 vehicles traveled along EDSA on average per day in June 2019. In comparison to a government survey, only an 8.63% error was found with respect to the total vehicle count. However, the approximation error can be further reduced to 4.63% if cars and utility vehicles are combined into one vehicle category. The study concludes by providing the limitations and opportunities for future work of the proposed methodology.

ACS Style

Joshua Rito; Neil Lopez; Jose Biona. Modeling Traffic Flow, Energy Use, and Emissions Using Google Maps and Google Street View: The Case of EDSA, Philippines. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6682 .

AMA Style

Joshua Rito, Neil Lopez, Jose Biona. Modeling Traffic Flow, Energy Use, and Emissions Using Google Maps and Google Street View: The Case of EDSA, Philippines. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (12):6682.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Joshua Rito; Neil Lopez; Jose Biona. 2021. "Modeling Traffic Flow, Energy Use, and Emissions Using Google Maps and Google Street View: The Case of EDSA, Philippines." Sustainability 13, no. 12: 6682.

Journal article
Published: 07 June 2021 in Sustainability
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The warming of the climate system has raised a lot of concerns for decades, and this is traceable to human activities and energy use. Conspicuously, the transportation sector is a great contributor to global emissions. This is largely due to increasing dependence on private vehicles and a poorly planned public transportation system. In addition to economic impacts, this also has significant environmental and sustainability implications. This study demonstrates a novel approach using spatial logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) to analyze drivers of traffic flow and its corresponding CO2 emissions in regions through an illustrative case study in the Philippines. Population growth is revealed as the main driver to traffic flow in most regions with the exception of a few regions and the national capital which are driven by economic activity. The economic activity effect shows positive trends contributing positively to traffic flow which is greatly linked to income level rise and increase in vehicle ownership. Concerning the impacts, results revealed that an increase in economic activity generally causes traffic intensity to decrease, and switching to more sustainable modes is not a guarantee to reduce carbon emissions. The authors recommend increasing equity on the appropriation of transport infrastructure projects across regions, quality improvement of public transport services and promoting mixed-use development.

ACS Style

Geoffrey Nnadiri; Anthony Chiu; Jose Biona; Neil Lopez. Comparison of Driving Forces to Increasing Traffic Flow and Transport Emissions in Philippine Regions: A Spatial Decomposition Study. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6500 .

AMA Style

Geoffrey Nnadiri, Anthony Chiu, Jose Biona, Neil Lopez. Comparison of Driving Forces to Increasing Traffic Flow and Transport Emissions in Philippine Regions: A Spatial Decomposition Study. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):6500.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Geoffrey Nnadiri; Anthony Chiu; Jose Biona; Neil Lopez. 2021. "Comparison of Driving Forces to Increasing Traffic Flow and Transport Emissions in Philippine Regions: A Spatial Decomposition Study." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 6500.

Journal article
Published: 31 May 2021 in Sustainability
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The Southeast Asian region is one of the most vulnerable to climate change given its geographical location and economic situation. This study aims to conduct a combination of spatial and temporal analyses in order to understand differences between member nations in terms of driving factors to changing emissions. The logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) method was used in order to estimate carbon dioxide emissions due to population, economic activity, economic structure, and energy intensity effects from the year 1990 to 2018. In conducting the study, spatial analysis showed that Singapore was the only country to effectively lessen carbon emissions, due to population and energy intensity, in comparison to the others. Additionally, temporal analysis showed that the ASEAN initially developed at the same rate, before countries such as Singapore, Malaysia, and Thailand, started becoming more economically active, as shown by their economic activity. Finally, results have shown that some countries, especially the Philippines and Indonesia, have undergone significant changes in economic structure, which significantly affected carbon emissions. The results also highlight the increasing per capita emissions as income levels rise. The paper concludes by presenting a summary of the findings and some policy recommendations.

ACS Style

Edwin Lisaba; Neil Lopez. Spatiotemporal Comparison of Drivers to CO2 Emissions in ASEAN: A Decomposition Study. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6183 .

AMA Style

Edwin Lisaba, Neil Lopez. Spatiotemporal Comparison of Drivers to CO2 Emissions in ASEAN: A Decomposition Study. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):6183.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Edwin Lisaba; Neil Lopez. 2021. "Spatiotemporal Comparison of Drivers to CO2 Emissions in ASEAN: A Decomposition Study." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 6183.

Journal article
Published: 13 April 2021 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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Energy-intensive activities have been increasingly outsourced to developing countries. Many researchers investigated this trend, and in recent years, consumption-based accounting of energy use and emissions have gained attention. This study contributes to this literature by analyzing the effect of changing the accounting method for energy use on the resulting drivers identified from a decomposition analysis study. Specifically, the analysis is done on the increasing energy use in six ASEAN countries. The authors argue that since policy recommendations on energy and emissions are anchored significantly on these drivers, their sensitivity to the accounting approach used must be understood. The results show that the effect is not the same for all countries, and they can be grouped into 3 categories. The findings provide insights and raise questions regarding the sustainability of growing economies in the ASEAN region. To conclude, the results are reflected on from both a national and international perspective, and potential policy implications are discussed.

ACS Style

Neil Stephen Lopez; Vincent Moreau; Krista Danielle Yu; Anthony S.F. Chiu; Ming Xu. Production- and consumption-based energy use in the ASEAN: Lessons from the Tiger and the cubs. Journal of Cleaner Production 2021, 304, 126986 .

AMA Style

Neil Stephen Lopez, Vincent Moreau, Krista Danielle Yu, Anthony S.F. Chiu, Ming Xu. Production- and consumption-based energy use in the ASEAN: Lessons from the Tiger and the cubs. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2021; 304 ():126986.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Neil Stephen Lopez; Vincent Moreau; Krista Danielle Yu; Anthony S.F. Chiu; Ming Xu. 2021. "Production- and consumption-based energy use in the ASEAN: Lessons from the Tiger and the cubs." Journal of Cleaner Production 304, no. : 126986.

Original paper
Published: 22 March 2021 in Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy
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Drivers to global carbon emissions have been widely investigated in the scientific literature. However, most previous studies have been limited to supervised learning approaches such as decomposition analysis. Thus, the effects of more specific socio-economic factors such as research expenditure, poverty incidence, education level and trading of goods have seldom been probed into, and often, drivers significantly vary from country to country. However, it is hypothesized in this study that patterns can be derived among high- and low-emission countries using a more detailed approach. Thus, a novel approach using rough sets is developed to uncover the effects of detailed socio-economic attributes to the emissions of 194 countries and regions. A significant advantage of rough set theory is its ability to work with incomplete data sets. As comprehensive as they are, global data sets such as that of the World Bank would still have gaps especially in less developed countries. The rough set model developed in this study has a validity of 94%. The most significant factors for low-income countries are having low to mid agricultural exports and having mid to high pump prices for diesel. For high-income countries, this was having high gross domestic product per capita. Overall, the most interesting insight from this study is that countries do not simply grow as they increase emissions, but also evolve. As countries develop, they also change their priority sectors, policies and demographics. Moreover, the findings suggest that the understanding of low-emission countries benefits more from a comprehensive study. High-emission countries have been well studied in the literature already.

ACS Style

Neil Stephen Lopez; Meta Mouy; Aaron Don Africa. Uncovering the significant socio-economic attributes of low- and high-emission countries using rough sets. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy 2021, 1 -11.

AMA Style

Neil Stephen Lopez, Meta Mouy, Aaron Don Africa. Uncovering the significant socio-economic attributes of low- and high-emission countries using rough sets. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy. 2021; ():1-11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Neil Stephen Lopez; Meta Mouy; Aaron Don Africa. 2021. "Uncovering the significant socio-economic attributes of low- and high-emission countries using rough sets." Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy , no. : 1-11.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2021 in Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing
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ACS Style

Neil Stephen Lopez; Selena Kay Galeos; Brian Raphael Calderon; David Roy Dominguez; Bryan Joseph Uy; Rupesh Iyengar. Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Indoor Air Quality and Thermal Stratification of an Underfloor Air Distribution System (UFAD) with Various Vent Layouts. Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2021, 17, 333 -347.

AMA Style

Neil Stephen Lopez, Selena Kay Galeos, Brian Raphael Calderon, David Roy Dominguez, Bryan Joseph Uy, Rupesh Iyengar. Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Indoor Air Quality and Thermal Stratification of an Underfloor Air Distribution System (UFAD) with Various Vent Layouts. Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing. 2021; 17 (2):333-347.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Neil Stephen Lopez; Selena Kay Galeos; Brian Raphael Calderon; David Roy Dominguez; Bryan Joseph Uy; Rupesh Iyengar. 2021. "Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Indoor Air Quality and Thermal Stratification of an Underfloor Air Distribution System (UFAD) with Various Vent Layouts." Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 17, no. 2: 333-347.

Conference paper
Published: 07 April 2020 in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
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The penetration of underfloor air distribution systems (UFAD) in residential and commercial air conditioning has been rather slow. The most notable applications would be on data centers, where thermal stratification requirements are more demanding. The present study supports and strengthens recent work in the design and development of UFAD systems, by augmenting literature on proper vent positioning and design. In UFAD systems where thermal stratification is more pronounced, significant energy savings may be achieved through proper positioning of supply and return vents. Using a validated numerical simulation model in ANSYS CFX, four UFAD vent layouts are investigated with regards to their implications on thermal stratification and indoor air quality. Results show that not only ventilation layout, but also vent type selection can significantly affect the performance of a UFAD system. Spreading multiple, smaller supply diffusers is preferable than having large supply diffusers on the perimeter of the rooms, both from a temperature distribution and indoor air quality perspective. Notably, air flow is significantly poor in the perimeter layout, causing warmer temperature at the center of the room.

ACS Style

Neil Stephen Lopez; Selena Kay Galeos; Brian Raphael Calderon; David Roy Dominguez; Bryan Joseph Uy; Rupesh Iyengar. Numerical simulation of thermal stratification and air quality in an underfloor air distribution system (UFAD). IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2020, 463, 1 .

AMA Style

Neil Stephen Lopez, Selena Kay Galeos, Brian Raphael Calderon, David Roy Dominguez, Bryan Joseph Uy, Rupesh Iyengar. Numerical simulation of thermal stratification and air quality in an underfloor air distribution system (UFAD). IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2020; 463 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Neil Stephen Lopez; Selena Kay Galeos; Brian Raphael Calderon; David Roy Dominguez; Bryan Joseph Uy; Rupesh Iyengar. 2020. "Numerical simulation of thermal stratification and air quality in an underfloor air distribution system (UFAD)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 463, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 18 March 2020 in Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment
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Alternative vehicle technologies promise a sustainable future by reducing carbon emissions and pollution. However, their widespread adoption tends to be slow due to high costs and uncertainties in benefits. Using a life cycle-based approach, this study calculates ownership savings and societal benefits for various alternative vehicle technologies against their baseline vehicle technology (e.g. gasoline or diesel). The assessment is performed from a developing country context – in the Philippines. Furthermore, immediate and distant future scenarios are modeled. The immediate future scenario assesses costs and benefits if the shift is to happen now, while the distant future scenario considers the effect of widespread autonomous driving and ridesharing. The results of the study echo the significant societal benefits from electric- and fuel cell-powered vehicles found in literature, but they are hindered by high ownership costs. In the immediate future, the diesel hybrid electric vehicle can potentially have both positive societal and operational costs for public transportation. For a gasoline-powered private passenger car, a simple shift to diesel, 20% biodiesel or 85% methanol can be beneficial. In the distant future, it is expected that autonomous, rideshared vehicles can potentially lure people away from driving their own vehicles, because of lower costs per passenger-kilometer while sustaining the privacy and comfort of a private car.

ACS Style

Neil Stephen Lopez; Jimwell Soliman; Jose Bienvenido Manuel Biona; Lewis Fulton. Cost-benefit analysis of alternative vehicles in the Philippines using immediate and distant future scenarios. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 2020, 82, 102308 .

AMA Style

Neil Stephen Lopez, Jimwell Soliman, Jose Bienvenido Manuel Biona, Lewis Fulton. Cost-benefit analysis of alternative vehicles in the Philippines using immediate and distant future scenarios. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment. 2020; 82 ():102308.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Neil Stephen Lopez; Jimwell Soliman; Jose Bienvenido Manuel Biona; Lewis Fulton. 2020. "Cost-benefit analysis of alternative vehicles in the Philippines using immediate and distant future scenarios." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 82, no. : 102308.

Conference paper
Published: 02 July 2019 in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
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High dependence on imported energy supply makes a country vulnerable to risks of supply disruption. Disruptions can be in the form of government policies, external conflicts, and natural calamities. Several indicators quantifying the probability of supply disruption were proposed in past studies based on a defined set of criteria. However, factors influencing the behavior of energy exports vary per country. In this study, 12 political risk components were investigated and correlated with historical oil-export data to assess the main drivers dictating export behavior. A case study was conducted on Philippine crude oil suppliers from 2001 to 2015, and three countries were elaborated for further discussion. Results showed that oil exports are strongly correlated with internal and external conflicts in Saudi Arabia; internal conflicts in Venezuela; and socioeconomic conditions in Russian Federation. The study recommends utilizing the developed methodology to aid estimation of energy security costs based on various political risk scenarios.

ACS Style

J Soliman; N S Lopez; J B M Biona. Evaluation of political risk factors influencing energy supply disruption. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2019, 268, 012123 .

AMA Style

J Soliman, N S Lopez, J B M Biona. Evaluation of political risk factors influencing energy supply disruption. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2019; 268 (1):012123.

Chicago/Turabian Style

J Soliman; N S Lopez; J B M Biona. 2019. "Evaluation of political risk factors influencing energy supply disruption." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 268, no. 1: 012123.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2019 in Energy Procedia
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The depletion of fossil fuels due to high energy demand poses an imminent threat to energy security. Sustainability of energy sources is prioritized to minimize the economic impact of oil supply disruptions. Several energy security indices and indicators had been developed to quantitatively assess the security of supply. However, studies concerning the cost of such risks were limited. Thus, a modification to currently used supply sustainability indicators is needed to express the risk score as a probability of disruption. In this study, a modification was applied using desirability function to convert the scores into scales. Long-term energy security was assessed based on reserves-to-production ratio and share in world export. A case study on the crude oil imports of the Philippines from 2007 to 2016 was conducted to demonstrate the proposed methodology. The desirability scores were weighted based on the share of each supplier to the total crude oil import. During the 10-year period, integrated sustainability risk scores reflecting a proxy probability varying from 1 to 8% were computed due to changes in suppliers and import shares. The study recommends consistent importation of crude oil from sustainable countries to minimize the sustainability risk.

ACS Style

Jimwell L. Soliman; Neil Stephen A. Lopez; Jose Bienvenido Manuel M. Biona. Assessing sustainability of long-term energy supply using desirability functions. Energy Procedia 2019, 158, 3723 -3728.

AMA Style

Jimwell L. Soliman, Neil Stephen A. Lopez, Jose Bienvenido Manuel M. Biona. Assessing sustainability of long-term energy supply using desirability functions. Energy Procedia. 2019; 158 ():3723-3728.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jimwell L. Soliman; Neil Stephen A. Lopez; Jose Bienvenido Manuel M. Biona. 2019. "Assessing sustainability of long-term energy supply using desirability functions." Energy Procedia 158, no. : 3723-3728.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2018 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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The emissions trading system is one of the primary instruments of the European region to achieve emissions reduction targets. As an alternative, some scholars investigate the potential role of electricity trading on emissions reduction as well. Acknowledging the fact that renewable sources and technical expertise may be concentrated in a few geographical areas, cross-border electricity trading provides a means to exploit these renewable resources, and therefore increase the potential for cleaner production of electricity. In the research presented in this paper, we decompose the effects of electricity trading to changes in CO2 emissions of the top 20 electricity trading countries in the European region. We compare the contributions of electricity imports and exports to changes in carbon emissions with those of traditional drivers, e.g. energy intensity, economic activity and population growth. A novel identity function was formulated in this paper to include the effects of electricity imports and exports in the decomposition analysis, using the logarithmic mean divisia index. Our results show that the European region offset approximately 10.3 MtCO2 from 1990 to 2014 due to electricity trading. This is because of large clean energy exports from France, Sweden and Switzerland. However, some countries have been adversely affected by electricity exporting, significantly increasing their emissions. In some countries, the increases in carbon emissions due to electricity exporting even outweighed increases due to population growth. To conclude, we discuss policy and wider implications for sustainable practice of electricity trading in the context of emissions reduction.

ACS Style

Neil Stephen A. Lopez; Jose Bienvenido Manuel Biona; Anthony Shun Fung Chiu. Electricity trading and its effects on global carbon emissions: A decomposition analysis study. Journal of Cleaner Production 2018, 195, 532 -539.

AMA Style

Neil Stephen A. Lopez, Jose Bienvenido Manuel Biona, Anthony Shun Fung Chiu. Electricity trading and its effects on global carbon emissions: A decomposition analysis study. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2018; 195 ():532-539.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Neil Stephen A. Lopez; Jose Bienvenido Manuel Biona; Anthony Shun Fung Chiu. 2018. "Electricity trading and its effects on global carbon emissions: A decomposition analysis study." Journal of Cleaner Production 195, no. : 532-539.

Research article
Published: 20 August 2018 in Frontiers in Energy
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Global CO2 emissions increased by 57.9% from 1990 to 2014, of which 21% is known to be from the transportation sector. In line with policy development, driving forces to energy consumption and emissions may be determined using decomposition analysis techniques. However, the detail of information required to perform such studies for the transportation sector in developing countries can be challenging. An attempt was made in this study to formulate a decomposition analysis framework considering data availability and limitation in developing countries. Furthermore, a suggestion of adjusting transport activity data using average oil price was proposed. An illustrative case study in the Philippines revealed that the most significant driver was transport activity, followed by energy intensity, and then population growth, which was both similar and contrary to all previous studies performed in developed and rapidly urbanizing countries, which pointed out to transport activity as the primary contributing force. For the Philippines, transport activity was an inhibiting force, whereas energy intensity was the primary contributing factor. The difference could be explained by the differences in mode shares and quality of life between countries. Looking at private vehicle ownership data, it is observed that growth rates are higher in the rural, than in the urban centers. Deriving from the findings, developing a comprehensive public transport plan is recommend for future growth areas, expansion and modernization of public transport services in the city, and strategic deployment of transport policies.

ACS Style

Neil Stephen Lopez; Anthony Shun Fung Chiu; Jose Bienvenido Manuel Biona. Decomposing drivers of transportation energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions for the Philippines: the case of developing countries. Frontiers in Energy 2018, 12, 389 -399.

AMA Style

Neil Stephen Lopez, Anthony Shun Fung Chiu, Jose Bienvenido Manuel Biona. Decomposing drivers of transportation energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions for the Philippines: the case of developing countries. Frontiers in Energy. 2018; 12 (3):389-399.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Neil Stephen Lopez; Anthony Shun Fung Chiu; Jose Bienvenido Manuel Biona. 2018. "Decomposing drivers of transportation energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions for the Philippines: the case of developing countries." Frontiers in Energy 12, no. 3: 389-399.

Journal article
Published: 07 May 2018 in Sustainability
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One of the major narratives in transport policy internationally concerns the promotion of private versus public modes. The Global North has many examples where public transport, walking and cycling networks are well developed, yet examples from the Global South are less evident. There is a historical failure of replicating policies and practices from the Global North, particularly in perpetuating the highway building model, often unsuitable to the cultural contexts in the Global South. This paper examines individual attitudes and discourses concerning travel to De La Salle University campus, in Metro Manila, the Philippines. 42 participants are surveyed using Q methodology. Four discourses are developed, reflecting attitudes to growing automobility in Manila, public transport service provision, the difficulties of travelling in the city and the aspiration for increased comfort whilst travelling. Manila provides an example of the complexities in moving towards greater sustainable travel in the southeast Asian context where levels of private car usage are already high. It is hoped that a greater awareness of the problems of the current travel experiences might lead to us to seek different narratives, where transport systems can be developed which better serve social equity and environmental goals.

ACS Style

Robin Hickman; Neil Lopez; Mengqiu Cao; Beatriz Mella Lira; Jose Bienvenido Manuel Biona. “I Drive outside of Peak Time to Avoid Traffic Jams—Public Transport Is Not Attractive Here.” Challenging Discourses on Travel to the University Campus in Manila. Sustainability 2018, 10, 1462 .

AMA Style

Robin Hickman, Neil Lopez, Mengqiu Cao, Beatriz Mella Lira, Jose Bienvenido Manuel Biona. “I Drive outside of Peak Time to Avoid Traffic Jams—Public Transport Is Not Attractive Here.” Challenging Discourses on Travel to the University Campus in Manila. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (5):1462.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Robin Hickman; Neil Lopez; Mengqiu Cao; Beatriz Mella Lira; Jose Bienvenido Manuel Biona. 2018. "“I Drive outside of Peak Time to Avoid Traffic Jams—Public Transport Is Not Attractive Here.” Challenging Discourses on Travel to the University Campus in Manila." Sustainability 10, no. 5: 1462.

Chapter
Published: 03 February 2018 in Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions
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The transportation sector is currently responsible for about a quarter of global energy demand and emissions. To limit temperature increase to two degrees Celsius, the International Energy Agency projects that about 21% of emissions reduction should come from transport. In recent years, various alternative technology vehicles have emerged, in response to climate targets. Unfortunately, the sustainable energy wave has made it easy for marketing campaigns to influence and shortcut decision making for deployment of new technologies in some countries. This chapter discusses a life cycle-based cost-benefit analysis framework to serve as decision-support for policy makers in lieu of emerging alternative vehicle technologies. The proposed tool evaluates based on two main impacts: net ownership costs and net external benefits. Within each are more specific cost- and emission-related impacts which are assessed using the AFLEET and GREET tools of the Argonne National Laboratory, and using inputs from published studies. The tool is used to evaluate the effects of shifting to alternative energy vehicle technologies for new and in-use vehicles. The approach is demonstrated via a case study in the Philippines. Results favor LPG as a replacement for in-use, gasoline-powered passenger cars, diesel for new passenger cars, and diesel hybrid electric for public utility jeepneys. The data also reflects the good health and social benefits of electric vehicles, but high fueling infrastructure investment costs deter its deployment.

ACS Style

Neil Stephen Lopez; Jimwell Soliman; Jose Bienvenido Manuel Biona. Life Cycle Cost and Benefit Analysis of Low Carbon Vehicle Technologies. Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions 2018, 131 -146.

AMA Style

Neil Stephen Lopez, Jimwell Soliman, Jose Bienvenido Manuel Biona. Life Cycle Cost and Benefit Analysis of Low Carbon Vehicle Technologies. Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions. 2018; ():131-146.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Neil Stephen Lopez; Jimwell Soliman; Jose Bienvenido Manuel Biona. 2018. "Life Cycle Cost and Benefit Analysis of Low Carbon Vehicle Technologies." Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions , no. : 131-146.

Conference paper
Published: 01 January 2017 in PROCEEDINGS OF THE 13TH IMT-GT INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATHEMATICS, STATISTICS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS (ICMSA2017)
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Low Reynolds number aerodynamics has become a promising topic of interest in various commercial utilizations such as wind turbines. Airfoils employed for this type of application usually experience performance degradation due to separation bubble formation. This study intends to investigate the behavior and effect of such phenomena and analyze the interrelationship among the contributive factors affecting its existence using JMP, a statistical analysis tool, with numerical data generated from Xfoil, a collective program applicable for low-speed airfoils. Numerical results were validated against published experimental data and exhibited favorable agreement more specifically within the upper limits of the given Reynolds number range. Surface pressure and skin friction drag coefficient plots show that the bubble length tends to decrease as angle of attack, Reynolds number and turbulence intensity are increased. The abridgement of the bubble extent due to enhancement of flow instabilities is associated with increase lift-to-drag ratio which is more pronounced in the attached flow regions. The statistical technique yielded predictive models for multiple outcome variables and it was learned that the main effects had more significant influence on the aerodynamic properties of airfoils and chordwise extent of separation bubble.

ACS Style

John Christian Chua; Neil Stephen Lopez; Gerardo Augusto. Numerical and statistical analyses of aerodynamic characteristics of low Reynolds number airfoils using Xfoil and JMP. PROCEEDINGS OF THE 13TH IMT-GT INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATHEMATICS, STATISTICS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS (ICMSA2017) 2017, 1 .

AMA Style

John Christian Chua, Neil Stephen Lopez, Gerardo Augusto. Numerical and statistical analyses of aerodynamic characteristics of low Reynolds number airfoils using Xfoil and JMP. PROCEEDINGS OF THE 13TH IMT-GT INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATHEMATICS, STATISTICS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS (ICMSA2017). 2017; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

John Christian Chua; Neil Stephen Lopez; Gerardo Augusto. 2017. "Numerical and statistical analyses of aerodynamic characteristics of low Reynolds number airfoils using Xfoil and JMP." PROCEEDINGS OF THE 13TH IMT-GT INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATHEMATICS, STATISTICS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS (ICMSA2017) , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2016 in Applied Energy
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ACS Style

Ana Karmela Sumabat; Neil Stephen Lopez; Krista Danielle Yu; Han Hao; Richard Li; Yong Geng; Anthony Shun Fung Chiu. Decomposition analysis of Philippine CO2 emissions from fuel combustion and electricity generation. Applied Energy 2016, 164, 795 -804.

AMA Style

Ana Karmela Sumabat, Neil Stephen Lopez, Krista Danielle Yu, Han Hao, Richard Li, Yong Geng, Anthony Shun Fung Chiu. Decomposition analysis of Philippine CO2 emissions from fuel combustion and electricity generation. Applied Energy. 2016; 164 ():795-804.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ana Karmela Sumabat; Neil Stephen Lopez; Krista Danielle Yu; Han Hao; Richard Li; Yong Geng; Anthony Shun Fung Chiu. 2016. "Decomposition analysis of Philippine CO2 emissions from fuel combustion and electricity generation." Applied Energy 164, no. : 795-804.

Text
Published: 01 November 2015 in Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy
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Concerns on climate change and dwindling fossil fuel supply have renewed interest on alternative ways of harnessing renewable energy. Using rotating cylinders to generate lift from a fluid stream, a Magnus rotor can produce up to 10 times more lift compared to an airfoil. However, it is also producing more drag. Recent studies have demonstrated improvement on the aerodynamic efficiency of a Magnus rotor through the application of surface modifications such as grooves, bumps, dimples, and even changing the shape of the cylinder into a frustum. However, it is unknown which is most desirable among those modifications; moreover, if some may be combined for even better performance. This present study seeks to fill the mentioned research gap with the aid of computer simulation tool ANSYS CFX. Simulation results showed that modifying cylinder shape into a frustum generates the most lift force. However, it is also increasing the drag on the cylinder. Interestingly, a helical groove may be employed around the frustum cylinder to mitigate the increase in drag, making the two modifications a promising combination. Multiple response surface analysis using desirability function was used to investigate the sensitivity of the rotor design to the different modifications. Furthermore, a new perspective is introduced wherein the rotor may be able to withstand more drag in exchange for more lift. For lift generation purposes, bumps are not desirable. Finally, the aerodynamic performances of the modified rotors are compared against other published results by means of a drag polar plot.

ACS Style

Neil Lopez; Brian Mara; Brian Mercado; Luigi Mercado; Miguel Pascual; Michael Angelo Promentilla. Design of modified Magnus wind rotors using computational fluid dynamics simulation and multi-response optimization. Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy 2015, 7, 063135 .

AMA Style

Neil Lopez, Brian Mara, Brian Mercado, Luigi Mercado, Miguel Pascual, Michael Angelo Promentilla. Design of modified Magnus wind rotors using computational fluid dynamics simulation and multi-response optimization. Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy. 2015; 7 (6):063135.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Neil Lopez; Brian Mara; Brian Mercado; Luigi Mercado; Miguel Pascual; Michael Angelo Promentilla. 2015. "Design of modified Magnus wind rotors using computational fluid dynamics simulation and multi-response optimization." Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy 7, no. 6: 063135.