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Strong earthquakes in mountainous regions can trigger massive landslides, and not just during the period of shaking. This study uses a time series of remote images to better understand the distribution of landslides near the epicenter of the 2008 Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake. We use multi-year high-resolution satellite images to interpret landslides and establish landslide inventories spanning from 2008 to 2019. Based on differencing pre-earthquake and post-earthquake digital elevation models (DEMs), we calculate the factor of safety (Fs, i.e., resisting forces versus driving forces) of slopes using a simplified Newmark model. Results show that landslide occurrence highly relies on slope stability, demonstrated by both co-seismic and post-seismic landslide mapping. According to the Fs analysis, which is closely related to the gradual slope change after the earthquake, most slopes within the study area stabilized after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, consistent with the decreasing trend of the landslide activity level. However, due to lithologic variation, the changes of post-earthquake slope stability may differ with landscape features in various regions and result in different geologic hazards. Thus, we highlight the necessity of continuous post-seismic monitoring and analysis of slope stability in different affected regions. The results of this work provide useful information for post-seismic infrastructure reconstruction and future earthquake disaster prevention in mountainous areas.
Xiaoli Chen; Jian Lan. Impact of slope stability changes on landslide activity near the epicenter of the 2008 Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake, China. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 2021, 80, 5259 -5270.
AMA StyleXiaoli Chen, Jian Lan. Impact of slope stability changes on landslide activity near the epicenter of the 2008 Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake, China. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment. 2021; 80 (7):5259-5270.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiaoli Chen; Jian Lan. 2021. "Impact of slope stability changes on landslide activity near the epicenter of the 2008 Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake, China." Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 80, no. 7: 5259-5270.
The 8 August 2017 Jiuzhaigou, China, earthquake (Ms 7.0) occurred within Jiuzhaigou County, northern Aba Prefecture, Sichuan province, China. The earthquake generated 4834 coseismic landslides with individual areas >7.8 m2 over a 600 km2 region. Both the quantity of landslides and the areas that were affected by landslides are similar to those typical for earthquakes of similar magnitude in the eastern Tibetan Plateau, suggesting that the regional geologic structure significantly effects seismic attenuation. Instead of correlating geological and topographic factors with the co-seismic landslide distribution pattern, this study focuses on analyzing the seismic landslide susceptibility, which comes from a calculation of critical acceleration values using a simplified Newmark block model analysis. Results show that seismic landslide susceptibility plays an important role in the co-seismic landslide pattern. Based on the seismic landslide susceptibility, it becomes feasible to provide a quick evaluation of earthquake-triggered landslides when combined with a peak ground acceleration map for an event. Moreover, the correlation between the characteristics of seismic landslide susceptibility and previously observed landslides suggest that an unmapped extension of the Huya fault was the source fault of the Jiuzhaigou earthquake.
Xiaoli Chen; Xinjian Shan; Mingming Wang; Chunguo Liu; Nana Han. Applying the Newmark Model in the Assessment of Earthquake Triggered Landslides During the 2017 Ms 7.0 Jiuzhaigou Earthquake, China. Understanding and Reducing Landslide Disaster Risk 2020, 275 -281.
AMA StyleXiaoli Chen, Xinjian Shan, Mingming Wang, Chunguo Liu, Nana Han. Applying the Newmark Model in the Assessment of Earthquake Triggered Landslides During the 2017 Ms 7.0 Jiuzhaigou Earthquake, China. Understanding and Reducing Landslide Disaster Risk. 2020; ():275-281.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiaoli Chen; Xinjian Shan; Mingming Wang; Chunguo Liu; Nana Han. 2020. "Applying the Newmark Model in the Assessment of Earthquake Triggered Landslides During the 2017 Ms 7.0 Jiuzhaigou Earthquake, China." Understanding and Reducing Landslide Disaster Risk , no. : 275-281.
On 8 August 2017 an earthquake (MS7.0) occurred within Jiuzhaigou County, Northern Aba Prefecture, Sichuan Province, China, triggering 4834 landslides with an individual area greater than 7.8 m2 over a more than 400 km2 region. Instead of correlating geological and topographic factors with the coseismic landslide distribution pattern, this study has attempted to reveal the control from seismic landslide susceptibility mapping, which relies on the calculation of critical acceleration values using a simplified Newmark block model. We calculated the average critical acceleration for each cell of the gridded study area (1 km×1 km), which represented the seismic landslide susceptibility of the cell. An index of the potential landslide area generation rate was defined, i.e., the possible landsliding area in each grid cell. In combination with PGA (peak ground acceleration) distribution, we calculated such indexes for each cell to predict the possible landslide hazard under seismic ground shaking. Results show that seismic landslide susceptibility plays an important role in determining the coseismic landslide pattern. The places with high seismic landslide susceptibility tends to host many landslides. Additionally, the areas with high potential landslide area generation rates have high real landslide occurrence rates, consistent with dominant small-medium scale landslides by this earthquake. This approach can aid assessment of seismic landslide hazards at a preliminary stage. Additionally, it forms a foundation for further research, such as the rapid evaluation of post-earthquake landslides and identifying highly impacted areas to help decision makers prioritize disaster relief efforts.
Xiao-Li Chen; Xin-Jian Shan; Ming-Ming Wang; Chun-Guo Liu; Na-Na Han. Distribution Pattern of Coseismic Landslides Triggered by the 2017 Jiuzhaigou Ms 7.0 Earthquake of China: Control of Seismic Landslide Susceptibility. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 2020, 9, 198 .
AMA StyleXiao-Li Chen, Xin-Jian Shan, Ming-Ming Wang, Chun-Guo Liu, Na-Na Han. Distribution Pattern of Coseismic Landslides Triggered by the 2017 Jiuzhaigou Ms 7.0 Earthquake of China: Control of Seismic Landslide Susceptibility. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 2020; 9 (4):198.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiao-Li Chen; Xin-Jian Shan; Ming-Ming Wang; Chun-Guo Liu; Na-Na Han. 2020. "Distribution Pattern of Coseismic Landslides Triggered by the 2017 Jiuzhaigou Ms 7.0 Earthquake of China: Control of Seismic Landslide Susceptibility." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 4: 198.
Rapid assessment of the distribution of earthquake-triggered landslides is an important component of effective disaster mitigation. The effort should be based on both seismic landslide susceptibility and the ground shaking intensity, which is usually measured by peak ground acceleration (PGA). In this paper, we address this issue by analyzing data from the Mw6.1 2014 Ludian, China earthquake. The Newmark method of rigid-block modeling was applied to calculate the critical acceleration of slopes in the study area, which serve as measurement of slope stability under seismic load. The assessment of earthquake-triggered landslide hazard was conducted by comparing these critical accelerations with the distribution of known PGA values. The study area was classified into zones of five levels of landslide hazard: high, moderate high, moderate, light, and very light. Comparison shows that the resulting landslide hazard zones agree with the actual distribution of earthquake-triggered landslides. Nearly 70% of landslides are located in areas of high and moderately high hazard, which occupy only 17% of the study region. This paper demonstrates that using PGA, combined with the analysis of seismic landslide susceptibility, allows a reliable assessment of earthquake-triggered landslides hazards. This easy-operation mapping method is expected to be helpful in emergency preparedness planning, as well as in seismic landslide hazard zoning.
Xiaoli Chen; Chunguo Liu; Mingming Wang. A method for quick assessment of earthquake-triggered landslide hazards: a case study of the Mw6.1 2014 Ludian, China earthquake. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 2018, 78, 2449 -2458.
AMA StyleXiaoli Chen, Chunguo Liu, Mingming Wang. A method for quick assessment of earthquake-triggered landslide hazards: a case study of the Mw6.1 2014 Ludian, China earthquake. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment. 2018; 78 (4):2449-2458.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiaoli Chen; Chunguo Liu; Mingming Wang. 2018. "A method for quick assessment of earthquake-triggered landslide hazards: a case study of the Mw6.1 2014 Ludian, China earthquake." Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 78, no. 4: 2449-2458.
The Mw 6.1 2014 Ludian, Yunnan, China earthquake triggered numerous coseismic landslides that do not appear to be associated with any previously known seismogenic fault. Traditional models of triggering for seismically generated landslides do not provide a reasonable explanation for the landslide pattern observed here. Here the Newmark method is applied to a grid to calculate the minimum accelerations required for slope failures throughout the affected region. The results demonstrate that for much of the study area, the distribution of failure prone slopes is similar to the actual pattern of coseismic landslides, however there are some areas where the model predicts considerably fewer failures than occurred. We suggest that this is a result of the complex source faults that generated the Ludian earthquake, which produced a half-conjugate rupture on nearly EW- and NNW trending faults at depth. The rupture directed much of its seismic moment southeast of the epicenter, increasing ground shaking and the number of resulting landslides.
Xiao-Li Chen; Chun-Guo Liu; Ming-Ming Wang; Qing Zhou. Causes of unusual distribution of coseismic landslides triggered by the Mw 6.1 2014 Ludian, Yunnan, China earthquake. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 2018, 159, 17 -23.
AMA StyleXiao-Li Chen, Chun-Guo Liu, Ming-Ming Wang, Qing Zhou. Causes of unusual distribution of coseismic landslides triggered by the Mw 6.1 2014 Ludian, Yunnan, China earthquake. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences. 2018; 159 ():17-23.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiao-Li Chen; Chun-Guo Liu; Ming-Ming Wang; Qing Zhou. 2018. "Causes of unusual distribution of coseismic landslides triggered by the Mw 6.1 2014 Ludian, Yunnan, China earthquake." Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 159, no. : 17-23.