The heterogeneity of human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) under stress conditions such as ex vivo expansion is poorly understood. Here, we report that the frequencies of SCID-repopulating cells were greatly decreased in cord blood (CB) CD34⁺ HSCs and HPCs upon ex vivo culturing. Transcriptomic analysis and metabolic profiling demonstrated that mitochondrial oxidative stress of human CB HSCs and HPCs notably increased, along with loss of stemness. Limiting dilution analysis revealed that functional human HSCs were enriched in cell populations with low levels of mitochondrial ROS (mitoROS) during ex vivo culturing. Using single-cell RNA-Seq analysis of the mitoROS low cell population, we demonstrated that functional HSCs were substantially enriched in the adhesion GPCR G1–positive (ADGRG1⁺) population of CD34⁺CD133⁺ CB cells upon ex vivo expansion stress. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that HSC signature genes including MSI2 and MLLT3 were enriched in CD34⁺CD133⁺ADGRG1⁺ CB HSCs. Our study reveals that ADGRG1 enriches for functional human HSCs under oxidative stress during ex vivo culturing, which can be a reliable target for drug screening of agonists of HSC expansion.

The solder burrs on the 304V wire surface can easily scratch the vascular tissue during interventional treatment, resulting in complications such as medial tears, bleeding, dissection, and rupture. Abrasive blasting is often used to remove solder burr and obtain a smooth surface for the interventional device. This study conducted an abrasive blasting experiment to explore the effects of process parameters (air pressure, lift-off height, abrasive volume, and abrasive type) on processing time, surface roughness, and mechanical properties to reveal the material removal mechanism. The results indicated that the resin abrasive can remove the SAC burr and keep the 304V integrity due to the proper hardness and Young’s module. Impaction pits are the main material removal mode in abrasive blasting. The processing time decreases with the increase in air pressure. The surface roughness increases with the increase in abrasive volume. The primary and secondary factors affecting the surface roughness of the 304V wire after abrasive blasting are the abrasive type and air pressure, followed by the abrasive volume and lift-off height. Blasting leads to a decrease in yield strength, and Young’s modulus and the hardness of the abrasive will affect the tensile strength. This study lays a foundation for understanding abrasive blasting and different cutting mechanisms.

Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) has become the preferred method in the treatment of aortic arch diseases by now. Due to the complex anatomical structure and reconstruction techniques, it is difficult to perform total endovascular aortic arch treatment for patients with aortic arch lesions. Our team initiates the reconstruction of aortic arch vessels using the surgically assisted short-distance retrograde needle puncture (SDRNP) technique for three-fenestration stent grafts. This article aims to demonstrate the feasibility and safety of performing the SDRNP technique for three-fenestration stent grafts in treating aortic aneurysm, dissection, or penetrating ulcer involving the aortic arch. A retrospective review was performed on 12 patients with aortic arch diseases, who underwent surgically assisted SDRNP technique for three-fenestration stent grafts to revascularize supra-arch branches. The overall technical success rate was 100.0% (12/12). The average operative time and intraoperative bleeding were 228.5 ± 69.6 min and 74.5 ± 26.9 mL, respectively. Complications consisted of 1 stroke, 1 acute myocardial infarction, and 2 endoleaks (1 type III and 1 type I). The patient with type III endoleaks improved after coil embolization after re-intervention. There were no aorta-related deaths during the average follow-up of 10.3 ± 2.8 months. All of the bridging stents were patent, with no migration. The three-fenestration stent grafts using the surgically assisted SDRNP technique offer a great advance for the treatment of aortic arch diseases, which might be an ideal operation process for aortic arch vessels.

Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) has become the preferred method in the treatment of aortic arch diseases by now. Due to the complex anatomical structure and reconstruction techniques, it is difficult to perform total endovascular aortic arch treatment for patients with aortic arch lesions. Our team initiates the reconstruction of aortic arch vessels using the surgically assisted short-distance retrograde needle puncture (SDRNP) technique for three-fenestration stent grafts. This article aims to demonstrate the feasibility and safety of performing the SDRNP technique for three-fenestration stent grafts in treating aortic aneurysm, dissection, or penetrating ulcer involving the aortic arch. A retrospective review was performed on 12 patients with aortic arch diseases, who underwent surgically assisted SDRNP technique for three-fenestration stent grafts to revascularize supra-arch branches. The overall technical success rate was 100.0% (12/12). The average operative time and intraoperative bleeding were 228.5 ± 69.6 min and 74.5 ± 26.9 mL, respectively. Complications consisted of 1 stroke, 1 acute myocardial infarction, and 2 endoleaks (1 type III and 1 type I). The patient with type III endoleaks improved after coil embolization after re-intervention. There were no aorta-related deaths during the average follow-up of 10.3 ± 2.8 months. All of the bridging stents were patent, with no migration. The three-fenestration stent grafts using the surgically assisted SDRNP technique offer a great advance for the treatment of aortic arch diseases, which might be an ideal operation process for aortic arch vessels.