Background: Primary school teachers play a critical role as educators in imparting healthy eating behaviour and the importance of physical activity to prevent health issues. However, the teachers’ health behaviors have not been studied much, particularly in Saudi Arabia. Understanding these factors is essential to developing interventions that enhance teachers’ well-being and their ability to influence students positively. This study aims to assess nutritional knowledge and physical activity; to determine correlations between health behaviour factors and Body Mass Index (BMI), and evaluate BMI status concerning demographic factors among primary school teachers in the Asir Region, KSA. Methods: A cross-sectional design was employed, involving 370 primary school teachers. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire that covered sociodemographic details, anthropometric measurements, physical activity levels, and nutritional knowledge. Statistical analyses included Pearson’s correlation and Chi-square tests, with significance at p < 0.05. Results: Among the participants, 38.6% were overweight, and 33.5% were obese, with 76% of married teachers classified as overweight or obese. Only 9.0% exhibited excellent nutritional knowledge, while 25.0% demonstrated poor knowledge. The majority (84.0%) engaged in low or minimal physical activity. A weak but significant correlation was observed between nutritional knowledge and BMI (p < 0.05), whereas no significant associations were found between physical activity levels and either BMI or nutritional knowledge. Conclusion: The study highlights critical gaps in nutritional knowledge and physical activity among teachers, emphasizing the need for targeted school-based health education programs. Improving teacher health behaviors could enhance their well-being and enable them to act as positive role models for their students.

Successful aging (SA) is a key focus in gerontological research, highlighting the importance of maintaining physical, cognitive, and social well-being. Nut

Objective: Acute cholecystitis is a common biliary disorder with rising prevalence in Saudi Arabia, yet the relationship between body mass index (BMI), lifestyle behaviors, and public knowledge about the condition remains underexplored. This study assessed these associations to inform preventive and educational strategies. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 385 adults aged 18–80 years residing in Abha, Saudi Arabia, who voluntarily agreed to participate. Data were collected using a validated, self-administered online questionnaire covering socio-demographics, lifestyle behaviors, and four knowledge domains. Knowledge levels were categorized using a validated scoring system in which correct responses were summed and classified as low, moderate, or high based on predetermined cutoff scores. BMI was calculated from self-reported height and weight. Results: Participants were predominantly female (76.1%), The mean age of participants was 33 ± 14 years, and their mean BMI was 27.5 ± 5 kg/m ² , indicating a generally young sample with a high prevalence of overweight and obesity. Knowledge was moderate in most respondents (53.2%), high in 43.9%, and low in 2.9%. Risk factor and symptom knowledge scored highest (mean = 2.40/3), while dietary risk knowledge scored lowest (mean = 2.13/3). BMI correlated positively with lifestyle score (r = 0.310, p = 0.041), dietary risk knowledge (r = 0.280, p = 0.047), and risk factor knowledge (r = 0.360, p = 0.008). Lifestyle scores correlated significantly with all knowledge domains (r = 0.390–0.450, p < 0.01). Although the correlation coefficients were modest (r ≤ 0.40), they still indicate meaningful but limited shared variance, suggesting that BMI and lifestyle factors contribute only partially to differences in knowledge. Most participants favoured periodic check-ups (26.2%) and laparoscopic surgery (25.5%) as preferred treatments. Conclusion: Adults in Abha generally demonstrate moderate awareness of acute cholecystitis, with notable gaps in dietary risk and prevention knowledge. Higher BMI and healthier lifestyle behaviors are associated with greater knowledge in certain domains. Future studies should employ representative sampling methods and multivariable analytical approaches to better examine independent relationships between lifestyle factors and disease awareness.

Background: Hypotension during spinal anesthesia for caesarean delivery remains a common clinical problem. It has a risk factor for adverse maternal and fetal events. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of lower leg compression maneuver in reducing spinal anathesia induced hypotension for women undergoing cesarean Section. A Quasi-experimental designwas utilized in the current study.Setting: The study was conducted at cesarean delivery unit in Mansoura University Hospital during the period from October 2016 to March 2017.Asystematic random sample was calculated to be 220 of women underwent elective cesarean delivery with spinal anesthesia to be recruited in both study group and control group. Pre-hydration and anesthetic technique standardized protocol was followed. Hypotension defined as a decrease in any mean arterial pressure (MAP) measurement by more than 20% of the baseline. Tools:Three tools were used in the current study to collect the necessary data, Structured interviewing questionnaire sheet, maternal hemodynamic and signs of hypotension record, and neonatal assessment sheet. Results: A highly statistical significant difference was found between study group and control group regarding mean arterial pressure and neonatal acidosis .Conclusion: lower leg compression for women under elective cesarean with spinal anesthesia is more effective measure to reduce spinal anathesia induced hypotension during cesarean delivery. Recommendations: lower leg compression during cesarean delivery should be included in maternal hospitals protocol for reducing spinal induced hypotension during cesarean delivery.

Background: Unhealthy dietary habits and physical inactivity among university students are common across the world, predisposing them to obesity and its comorbidities. Nutritional literacy (NL), which plays an important role in the formation of these behaviors, is unexplored. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship of nutritional literacy with dietary and lifestyle practices among university students in Abha, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on 385 students of King Khalid University (KKU) by convenient sampling. Information was collected between March and May 2024 using an online research form, which includes socio-demographics, the Nutrition Literacy Self-Assessment Short Form (NL-SF12), and the Dietary and Lifestyle Habits Questionnaire (DLHQ). Descriptive statistics were calculated, and Pearson’s correlation and multiple regression models were applied, at significance level of p < 0.05. Results: Highest levels of NL were found in the knowledge (M = 4.31, SD = 0.74) and understanding sections (M = 4.08, SD = 0.70), compared to using skills (M = 3.56, SD = 0.96). The average (M) meal pattern was irregular, M = 2.41, SD = 0.92, fruits and vegetable consumption was moderate (sweets intake and fast food intake frequent (soft drink intake also typical of the sample quantity being: M = 2.23, SD = 0.77). Lifestyle behaviors included high screen time, eating during sedentary periods, and moderate sports participation. NL was significantly correlated with dietary habits (r = 0.624, p = 0.005), but less so with lifestyle habits (r = 0.524, p = 0.063). Positive predictors included education, income, sleep, and age; negative predictors were smoking, chronic illness, and higher BMI. Conclusion: The KKU students had satisfactory nutritional literacy, but weak application of their theoretical knowledge in terms of poor dietary and lifestyle practices. The present study is a valuable addition to the literature through focusing on actual application of nutritional literacy factors among university students in the Saudi context. Designed interventions that target practical food skills, mindful eating/social dining and regular physical activity are necessary to assist consumers in making healthy decisions and curtail the long-term burden of NCDs. These results provide pragmatic direction for universities and public health policymakers to develop specific, evidence-based programs that meet the needs of students living these realities.