The objective of hyperspectral pansharpening is to fuse low-resolution hyperspectral images (LR-HSI) with corresponding panchromatic (PAN) images to generate high-resolution hyperspectral images (HR-HSI). Despite advancements in hyperspectral (HS) pansharpening using deep learning, the rich spectral details and large data volume of HS images place higher demands on models for effective spectral extraction and processing. In this paper, we present HyperGAN, a hyperspectral image fusion approach based on Generative Adversarial Networks. Unlike previous methods that deepen the network to capture spectral information, HyperGAN widens the structure with a Wide Block for multi-scale learning, effectively capturing global and local details from upsampled HSI and PAN images. While LR-HSI provides rich spectral data, PAN images offer spatial information. We introduce the Efficient Spatial and Channel Attention Module (ESCA) to integrate these features and add an energy-based discriminator to enhance model performance by learning directly from the Ground Truth (GT), improving fused image quality. We validated our method on various scenes, including the Pavia Center, Eastern Tianshan, and Chikusei. Results show that HyperGAN outperforms state-of-the-art methods in visual and quantitative evaluations.

In the context of global warming, the accurate prediction of Arctic Sea Ice Concentration (SIC) is crucial for the development of Arctic shipping routes. We have therefore constructed a lightweight, non-recursive spatio-temporal prediction model, the Spatio-Temporal Decomposition Network (STDNet), to predict the daily SIC in the Arctic. The model is based on the Seasonal and Trend decomposition using Loess (STL) decomposition idea to decompose the model into trend and seasonal components. In addition, we have designed the Global Sparse Attention Module (GSAM) to help the model extract global information. STDNet not only extracts seasonal signals and trend information with periodical correspondence from the data but also obtains the spatio-temporal dependence features in the data. The experimental methodology involves predicting the next 10 days based on the first 10 days of data. The prediction results provided the following metrics for the 10-day forecast of STDNet: Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and coefficient of determination of 1.988%, 3.541%, 5.843%, and 0.979, respectively. The average Binary Accuracy (BACC) at the beginning of September for the period 2018–2022 reached 93.85%. The proposed STDNet model outperforms and is lighter than existing deep-learning-based SIC prediction models.