Objectives: Phototherapy is demonstrated to cause hypocalcemia by decreasing melatonin levels and increasing cortisol levels. However, the relationship between parathyroid hormone (PTH) level and calcium has not been previously evaluated in patients receiving phototherapy. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of phototherapy on ionized calcium (iCa), total calcium (tCa), corrected calcium (cCa), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), and PTH levels. Methods: Infants who were born at term and received inpatient phototherapy for indirect hyperbilirubinemia were included in our study. The patients’ gestational age, birth weight, and phototherapy durations were recorded. Total bilirubin, albumin, iCa, tCa, cCa, Mg, 25(OH)D, and PTH levels before and after phototherapy were compared. Laboratory results were also compared between patients who received phototherapy for ≤24 h, 25–47 h, and ≥48 h. Results: A total of 166 term infants were included in the study. The mean duration of phototherapy was 31.9 ± 9.2 h. Albumin levels before and after phototherapy were similar (p=0.246). However, there were significant decreases in iCa, tCa, cCa, Mg, 25(OH)D, and PTH levels after phototherapy (p<0.001), while P level was significantly increased after phototherapy (p24 h of phototherapy, while iCa, tCa, cCa, Mg, 25(OH)D, and PTH levels decreased significantly with ≥48 h of phototherapy (p=0.002, p=0.008, p=0.001, p=0.012, and p<0.001, respectively). Conclusions: This study demonstrates that PTH suppression is one of the causes of phototherapy-induced hypocalcemia.

Background/Objectives: The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing, and GDM poses health risks for both mothers and newborns. This study investigated the association between GDM and two biomarkers, osteopontin (OPN) and betatrophin (ANGPTL8). Methods: This study involved face-to-face interviews with 165 participants—81 in the GDM group and 84 in the control group—to gather maternal-newborn data. Maternal serum OPN levels, along with cord serum OPN and ANGPTL8 levels, were measured at birth. OPN levels in breast milk were also measured between postnatal days 10–15. Statistical analysis included Student’s t-test for comparing biomarker levels, chi-square tests for GDM incidence across OPN quartile levels, multiple logistic regression for assessing GDM frequency by OPN quartile levels, and the Pearson correlation coefficient to explore relationships between biomarker levels and maternal-newborn characteristics. Results: No significant differences in cord OPN or ANGPTL8 levels were detected between the groups. However, the OPN levels in maternal serum and breast milk were greater in the GDM group than in the control group. We found an association between increasing maternal serum and breast milk OPN levels in quartile groups and the risk of GDM. Additionally, there was a moderate correlation between cord OPN and both maternal serum OPN (r = 0.45) and breast milk OPN (r = 0.43). Conclusions: The differences in OPN levels between the GDM and control groups suggest that OPN may reflect metabolic changes associated with GDM, possibly as a consequence of the condition itself or its treatment. Further research is necessary to validate these findings and uncover the underlying mechanisms involved.

Background/Objectives: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) alters maternal metabolism during pregnancy and may impact the biochemical composition of breast milk. Given the critical role of human milk in early-life metabolic programming, identifying metabolic alterations in GDM milk and understanding the effects of insulin therapy has important implications for neonatal health. This study aims to investigate the metabolomic profile of transitional breast milk in mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus compared with healthy controls and to evaluate the impact of insulin therapy on milk metabolite composition. Methods: Breast milk samples were collected between postpartum days 10 and 15 from 80 mothers with GDM and 80 matched controls. Metabolomic profiling was performed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and data were analyzed using multivariate and univariate statistical techniques including PCA, PLS–DA, logistic regression, and ROC analysis. Conclusions: A total of 133 metabolites were identified, and GDM mothers exhibited a distinct metabolomic signature characterized by significant alterations in carbohydrate, amino acid, and microbial-derived metabolites. In particular, galactinol, arabitol, and pyrogallol were significantly decreased, while α-ketoglutaric acid and citric acid were elevated in the GDM group. Insulin-treated mothers showed unique metabolic changes involving glycolytic intermediates (glycerone phosphoric acid), purine metabolism (xanthine), and oxidative pathways (isocitric acid, gluconic acid lactone). Multivariate models based on the top metabolites achieved moderate discriminatory performance (AUC = 0.68). GDM is associated with substantial metabolic changes in transitional breast milk, and insulin therapy appears to modulate these alterations further. These findings suggest that maternal metabolic status and its treatment can shape the neonatal nutritional environment, potentially influencing early metabolic programming.

Amaç Ülkemizde Suriyeli mülteci sayısı ve doğum oranları giderek artmaktadır. Çalışmamızda, hastanemizde mülteci annelerden doğan bebeklerin doğum özelliklerini inceleyip, perinatal bakımın önemini vurgulamayı amaçladık. Gereçler ve Yöntem Ekim - Aralık 2018 tarihleri arasında hastanemizde doğum yapan, gestasyon yaşı ≥37 hafta olan Suriyeli ve Türk anne - bebek dosyaları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastaların demografik özellikleri kaydedildi. Hastalar gestasyon haftasına göre erken term (37 0/7- 38 6/7 hafta), term ve geç term (39 0/7 – 41 6/7 hafta) olarak gruplandırıldı. Bulgular Çalışmaya 96 Suriyeli ve 129 Türk olmak üzere toplam 225 hasta dahil edildi. Yapılan istatistiksel değerlendirmede Suriyeli bebeklerin gestasyon haftası Türklere göre anlamlı olarak daha küçük bulundu (38.2±1.1 vs 39.1±1.4 hafta; p< 0.001). Suriyeli bebeklerin %70’i erken term dönemde doğarken, Türk bebeklerin %57’sinin erken term dönemde doğduğu gözlendi (p<0.001 ). Gebelik süresince Suriyeli annelerin daha az kilo aldığı saptandı (10±4 kg vs 12±5 kg; p= 0.001). Anne yaşı, annelerin vücut kitle indeksi, doğum şekli ve doğum ağırlıkları her iki grupta benzerdi. Sonuç Suriyeli annelerde kısıtlı sosyoekonomik imkanlar ve mülteci olmanın getirdiği stres, erken doğum için risk oluşturabilir. Uygun obstetrik takibe ulaşabilmeleri halinde erken term doğumlar ve buna bağlı morbidite ve mortalite oranı azalabilir.

Aim: This prospective study aimed to assess the accuracy and agreement of two transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) devices—BiliCare and MBJ20—compared with serum total bilirubin (STB) in neonates with jaundice. Methods: Eighty‐eight infants born at ≥ 34 weeks of gestation were included. TcB was measured from the auricle using BiliCare and from the sternum using MBJ20, concurrently with STB testing. Results: The median gestational age was 38 weeks and mean birth weight was 3108 g; 39% were delivered by cesarean section and 49% were male. Mean bilirubin levels were 14.6 mg/dL (MBJ20), 12.9 mg/dL (BiliCare), and 14.4 mg/dL (STB). Both devices showed strong correlation with STB (MBJ20: r = 0.756, BiliCare: r = 0.772; p < 0.001). Mean differences from STB were −0.12 mg/dL for MBJ20 and 1.54 mg/dL for BiliCare. BiliCare showed higher predictive accuracy (AUC = 0.814) than MBJ20 (AUC = 0.751). Optimal TcB cutoff values were 14.2 mg/dL (BiliCare) and 15.6 mg/dL (MBJ20). Regression analysis showed no significant bias for either device. Based on STB measurements, 15% of the infants required phototherapy (PT). Conclusion: Both devices provide reliable noninvasive screening though BiliCare has a better accuracy in predicting the need for PT.