The high heat dissipation of high-power electronic equipment has become a major cause of damage, especially the central processing units (CPUs) of computers and other electronic devices. Accordingly, this research aims to improve the thermal conductivity as well as the mechanical properties of aluminum (Al) by mono and hybrid reinforcements of silver (Ag) and graphene (G) so that they can be used for heat dissipation. The structures of the prepared powders were investigated using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. Furthermore, the sintered composites’ microstructure, density, thermal conductivity, mechanical properties, and electrical conductivity were investigated. The results showed that adding Ag percentages led to forming the Ag2Al phase while adding graphene decreased the crystallite of the milled powder. The SEM results showed that the samples had high densification, which was slightly reduced with increasing percentages of reinforcements. Importantly, Al’s thermal conductivity and mechanical properties were significantly improved due to the addition of Ag and G reinforcements with a slight decrease in electrical conductivity. The highest thermal conductivity was observed a 278.86 W/mK in the sample containing 5 vol.% of Ag and 2.5 vol.% of G, which was improved by about 20.6%. In contrast, the highest microhardness and Young’s modulus were 39.19 HV and 71.67 GPa, which resulted in an improvement of about 30.7 and 17.8% for the sample containing 2.5 vol.% of Ag and 5 vol.% of G when compared to the Al matrix. Based on these promising findings, it is possible to infer that the objective of this study was effectively attained and that the created composites are appropriate for such applications.
1 April 2025 in Journal of Materials Research and Technology
A wind tunnel is needed for a lot of research and model testing in the field of engineering design. Commercial wind tunnels are large and expensive, making them unsuitable for small-scale aerodynamic model testing. This work aims to experimentally investigate the effects of flow, noise, and vibration on constructing and designing a low-speed wind tunnel structure. The flow uniformity in the wind tunnel has been tested by measuring the velocity profiles inside the empty test section with a pitot-static tube at various fan frequencies. The experiment results showed a good flow uniformity of more than 90% across the test section area, and the maximum wind velocity achieved was about 25.1 m/s. Due to the stability of the flow near the exit test section, the vibration measurement revealed that the entrance portion has larger vibration fluctuations than the exit part. Furthermore, as the axial fan frequency increases, the noise level increases. At 40 Hz, the noise level enters the hazardous zone, which has an impact on the person who performs the measurement process. The resonance of the wind tunnel structure is an important measurement test that affects vibration measurement.