The Bio-Circular-Green (BCG) model presents a transformative framework for advancing sustainability in food festival tourism, particularly in Thailand. Food festivals serve as dynamic platforms for celebrating local culinary heritage while fostering environmental responsibility and economic resilience. This study examined the integration of the BCG model with critical success factors and community identity to assess its impact on sustainable food festival management. Employing a quantitative research approach and structural equation modeling, data were collected from 503 festival attendees to analyze key relationships among event management, community identity, and sustainability practices. The findings underscore the effectiveness of the BCG model in enhancing resource efficiency, minimizing waste, and promoting local sourcing, thus strengthening the sustainability and attractiveness of food festivals. Notably, while the role of community identity was found to be less significant than anticipated, this suggests evolving tourist preferences favoring sustainability and quality over traditional cultural attributes. These insights offer valuable implications for policymakers, event organizers, and stakeholders in designing eco-conscious, culturally enriching festivals that align with the global sustainability goals. This study contributes to the theoretical discourse on sustainable tourism and provides practical strategies to foster environmentally responsible and economically viable food festivals.

Low-carbon tourism (LCT) has emerged as a pivotal approach to mitigate the environmental impact of tourism, particularly its contribution to greenhouse gas emissions. This study develops a structural equation model (SEM) to investigate the factors influencing decision-making in selecting low-carbon tourism destinations. The research integrates key variables including destination characteristics, marketing strategies, and tourist perceptions, grounded in the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and consumer behavior theory. Data were collected from 405 tourists visiting Khaoyai National Park, one of Thailand’s most popular nature-based destinations, utilizing structured questionnaires and a robust sampling strategy. Findings reveal significant interrelationships among destination characteristics, marketing strategies, and tourists’ perceptions of LCT, which collectively shape decision-making processes. Enhanced perceptions of LCT are mediated by innovative marketing communications and sustainable destination features, emphasizing the role of eco-friendly practices in fostering responsible tourism. The study underscores the importance of aligning policy, business strategies, and tourist education to promote sustainable travel behaviors. These insights provide practical guidelines for stakeholders to advance low-carbon tourism initiatives while preserving the integrity of tourist experiences and environmental stewardship.

The tourism industry is a significant contributor to global carbon emissions. Consequently, low-carbon tourism (LCT) plays a crucial role in mitigating environmental impacts while enhancing the competitiveness of tourism destinations. This study aims to examine the causal relationships among low-carbon tourism, tourist experience, tourist satisfaction, and revisit intentions, thereby addressing a notable gap in sustainable tourism research. Using structural equation modeling (SEM), data were collected through questionnaires from 510 Thai tourists who participated in LCT activities at Khao Yai National Park, a prominent nature-based tourism destination in Thailand. The findings reveal that low-carbon tourism significantly enhances tourists’ experiences, which in turn positively influence their satisfaction and intention to revisit LCT destinations. Furthermore, tourist experience and satisfaction were found to mediate the relationship between low-carbon tourism and revisit intention. Among the variables, low-carbon tourism exerted the strongest direct influence on revisit intention, followed by tourist experience and satisfaction, respectively. This study advances sustainable travel behavior theory and offers practical recommendations for policymakers and destination managers. It emphasizes integrating low-carbon principles across tourism sectors—activities, transport, accommodation, local product consumption, and waste management—to enhance tourist experiences and promote environmental and tourism sustainability.

Growing concern for environmental sustainability has prompted the hospitality sector to adopt environmentally responsible practices that support both business performance and long-term competitiveness. This study explores the extent to which green marketing activities and digital transformation influence tourists’ perceptions and their decisions to reserve eco-friendly accommodation. Data were obtained from visitors to major tourist destinations in three provinces of Thailand through a stratified sampling technique. After screening the questionnaires, 410 usable responses were retained and examined through structural equation modeling to test the proposed relationships. The results indicate that green marketing, digitalization, and tourists’ perceptions play significant roles in shaping accommodation booking behavior. Together, these factors account for a substantial proportion of the variation in eco-friendly hotel booking decisions. Tourist perception was identified as the most influential determinant and served as a significant mediating mechanism through which green marketing and digitalization affected booking intentions. This study extends the sustainable hospitality literature by developing an integrated framework that explains how sustainability-oriented marketing efforts and digital technologies influence consumer decision-making. The findings provide valuable insights for hotel managers seeking to enhance green brand image, improve customer perceptions, and encourage environmentally responsible travel choices through the effective use of digital technologies.