Mixed land use is recognized as a crucial strategy for enhancing urban vitality and promoting urban renewal. While existing research has mainly focused on measuring mixed land use along single dimensions, there remains a notable gap in studies that explore multidimensional measurements and their impacts at the block scale. This study introduces a multidimensional mixed-degree index based on diverse data sources such as POI and land use status to comprehensively assess mixed land use levels at the block scale in Xi’an’s central urban area. Additionally, a multiple linear regression model is applied to analyze how the built environment influences mixed land use. Findings reveal that mixed land use at the block scale can be objectively evaluated across three dimensions: quantity, distance, and attribute. In Xi’an, mixed land use demonstrates a spatial distribution characterized by core agglomeration and concentric decline. The study highlights that block area and road network density significantly influence mixed land use, with block area negatively impacting it the most and road network density positively affecting it secondarily. These insights provide valuable guidance for optimizing land use practices and promoting high-quality urban development.

The evolution of industrial land layout is a significant feature of changes in urban land use types during rapid urbanization. However, the theoretical studies investigating the evolution mechanism behind industrial land are scarce. This study developed a dynamic theoretical framework examining the relationship between government and market forces. Furthermore, this study examined the determinants of industrial land evolution in Xi’an from 1994 to 2019 by using a logistic regression model. The results showed that industrial land area increased from 55.02 km² to 126.63 km² from 1994 to 2013 but later rapidly reduced to 106.61 km² in 2019. The spatial distribution of industrial land exhibited significant deindustrialization and suburbanization during park-orientated agglomeration and showed a shift from large-area small-patch to multi-center large-patch agglomeration. Factors such as development zone policies, land prices, agglomeration benefits, land supply, and transportation infrastructure are key determinants of suburbanization, while land prices and agglomeration benefits are key determinants of deindustrialization. This study reveals the mechanisms driving industrial land evolution and offers guidance in improving the rationality of urban land layout and achieving industry–city integration.