Magnetic nanoparticles have attracted significant attention in nanoscience and nanotechnology due to their unique physicochemical properties. These properties enable their great potential in various biomedical applications, such as hyperthermia, drug delivery, tissue engineering, theranostics, and lab-on-a-chip technologies. Physical and chemical methods are conventionally used for the synthesis of nanoparticles; however, due to several limitations of these methods, research focus has recently shifted towards developing clean and eco-friendly synthesis protocols while maintaining their desirable chemical and physical properties. In this study, iron oxide nanoparticles (FeNPs) were synthesized for the first time using the green synthesis method with extracts from Vitex agnus-castus. The structural and magnetic characterization of FeNPs was carried out using state-of-the-art techniques. The formation of FeNPs was confirmed by UV–vis spectroscopy. The morphology and size distribution were examined by a zetasizer and SEM, which showed agglomerated ring-shaped structures with a moderate size distribution among the nanoparticles. The crystalline structure and phase purity of the FeNPs were analyzed by XRD. FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed the attachment of bioactive plant molecules on the FeNP surfaces. The TGA results indicated the presence of organic molecules on the surface of the nanoparticles. Further studies including temperature-dependent magnetization and coercivity measurements were performed by PPMS and ESR, confirming the soft magnetic characteristics of synthesized FeNPs. Additionally, the dose-dependent toxicity and anti-cancerogenic effects of the FeNPs were screened towards the glioma cancer line (C6) and fibroblast cell line (L929) in vitro using an MTT assay. After 24 h of treatment, inhibitory concentration IC50 values of 26.51 µg/mL (l929) and 10.73 µg/mL (C6) were determined, respectively. These results suggest the potential of the synthesized FeNPs in developing new biocompatible systems for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. This study contributes to the growing demand for research in nanotechnology by offering a sustainable and effective green synthesis method for FeNPs, expanding their potential applications in nanomedicine.

Rapid advances in the development of nanotechnology in recent years have led to functional magnetic nanoparticle types (MNPs) with different properties. The diverse applications of these nanoparticles make them a desirable candidate for use in biomedical areas due to their exclusive chemical and physical properties. The present work is conducted to study the in vitro biocompatibility of CoFe₂O₄@shell with different surface coatings (shell: ascorbic acid (AA), dextran (DEX), and polyethyleneimine (PEI). The cytotoxicity of coated nanoparticles is screened toward the glioma cancer line (C6) and fibroblast cell line (L929) using an MTT assay. CoFe₂O₄ NPs are synthesized using the co‐precipitation method together with hydrothermal synthesis and characterized regarding their structural and magnetic properties using state‐of‐the‐art techniques. Results showed the particles are consistent with the crystal structure of CoFe₂O₄ and the average crystallite size in the range of 16–18 nm. For the coated NPs, only a slight increase in the Hc is found except for the CoFe₂O₄@PEI NPs. The comparative analysis of the cytotoxic effects of CoFe₂O₄@shell NPs on L929 fibroblast and glioma cells shows that the cytotoxicity of samples is much more specific in brain tumor cells, especially it also indicates the significant efficacy of CoFe₂O₄@PEI in cancer cells.

Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity and anticancer potential of gold nanorods (GNRs) synthesized using hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide capped seed (CTAB) on L929 fibroblast cells and glioma cells. Methods: Gold nanorods were synthesized through the CTAB method, and their characterization was conducted using UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The MTT cell viability assay was employed to assess the cytotoxic and anticancer effects of the synthesized gold nanorods on L929 fibroblast cells and glioma cells. Results: Analysis results revealed that the synthesized gold nanorods had an average size of 6.4 nm and rod-like morphology, with an absorbance peak of 836 nm. The quantity of synthesized GNRs was calculated to be 3.63 μM. Cytotoxicity analysis showed an IC50 value of 1.29 μM for L929 fibroblast cells and 1.26 μM for C6 glioma cells, indicating significant cytotoxic effects. Treatment with GNRs induced apoptosis in glioma cells and inhibited their proliferation, suggesting potential anticancer activity. Conclusion: The findings suggest that GNRs hold promise as effective agents for cancer therapy. Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms underlying their anticancer effects and to explore their potential clinical applications in cancer treatment.

Background: Biosensors and MEMS have witnessed rapid development and enormous interest over the past decades. Constant advancement in diagnostic, medical, and chemical applications has been demonstrated in several platforms and tools. In this study, the analytical and FEA of the microcantilever used in biomolecular analyses were compared with the experimental analysis results. Methods: In this study, MITF antigen, which is a melanoma biomarker, and anti-MITF antibody (D5) were selected as biomolecules. A MEMS-type microcantilever biosensor was designed by functionalizing the AFM cantilever by utilizing the specific interaction dynamics and intermolecular binding ability between both molecules. Surface functionalization of cantilever micro biosensors was performed by using FEA. The stress that will occur as a result of the interactions between the MITF-D5 has been determined from the deviation in the resonant frequency of the cantilever. Results: It has been found that the simulation results are supported by analytical calculations and experimental results. Conclusion: The fact that the results of the simulation study overlap with the experimental and mathematical results allows us to get much cheaper and faster answers compared to expensive and time-consuming experimental approaches.