Conducting accurate and quick energy analyses for retrofitting purposes became crucial for Architecture, Engineering, Construction, and Operations (AECO) markets worldwide. This paper investigates the possibility of determining and implementing an architect-friendly BIM-based energy analysis for Morocco’s Energy Efficiency Retrofitting (EER). For this matter, a socio-technical approach is adopted. The technical part of the study assesses two Building Information Modeling (BIM) tools (ArchiCAD v26 and Revit v23) regarding their Building Energy Modeling (BEM) capabilities for EER. Their evaluation uses a confirmed case of EER located in Marrakech as a baseline to compare the two tools. The social part investigates the AECO market of Marrakech, where the baseline is located, to anticipate the strengths and limits that might influence the implementation of the BIM-based BEM for an EER workflow in architecture studios. The technical part underlines the significant potential of the chosen BIM tools: ArchiCAD is more flexible, customizable, and accurate regarding energy analysis results, while Revit allows for the strong integration of regulations within its process. The social investigation showcases the studied market’s potential for adopting BIM and BEM for EER but highlights the issue of persisting 2D Computer-Aided Design (CAD) workflows. The same social investigation also suggests that combining BIM tools (ArchiCAD and Revit) in the same workflow might benefit the studied market more because of AECO professionals’ diverse needs. These findings constitute a first base for the national implementation of a BIM-based BEM for EER. They also hold the potential to be used in emerging economies with similar AECO markets.
1 May 2021 in ASME Journal of Engineering for Sustainable Buildings and Cities
This paper aims at identifying the impact of three retrofit scenarios of a typical single-family house on its energy performance and its indoor thermal comfort in several climates. Two of these scenarios are based on the Moroccan Thermal Regulation in Constructions (RTCM) while the third is the one proposed in this study. The climates range from group B to group C of the Köppen climate classification. The results show that the proposed renovation scenario allows reducing the heating load by 19–42% and the cooling load by 29–60% depending on the climate. Furthermore, the RTCM retrofit scenario leads to summer overheating in all climates. One of the main reasons for this overheating is the insulation of the slab-on-grade floor as this insulation increases the annual heating/cooling energy needs of the house by 6–10%. Moreover, the cavity wall technique was found to be the best option for external walls, instead of using high thermal insulating material, in hot climates. The analysis of the energy performance, the thermal comfort indices, and the payback periods for each retrofit scenario shows that the proposed scenario presents the best thermal performance, except for the cold climate where the RTCM scenario is the most favorable.