Objective: Nowadays, retinal microvascular structures can be investigated using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). We aimed to evaluate the probable vascular changes in the foveal and peripapillary regions of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: A total of 20 patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and 24 healthy controls were recruited in this study. All participants’ superficial and deeper retinal and peripapillary layers were evaluated using OCTA after a total ophthalmologic examination. Results: In the superficial plexus, the whole image (49.53 ± 3.9% and 51.83 ± 2.1%, p = 0.009), superior hemisphere (49.44 ± 4.11% and 51.63 ± 2.3%, p = 0.018), inferior hemisphere (49.75 ± 3.9% and 52.03 ± 2.2%, p = 0.012), parafoveal (51.87 ± 3.9% and 53.08 ± 3.46%, p = 0.048) and perifoveal (50.41 ± 3.86% and 52.76 ± 2.1%, p = 0.007) vascular densities were statistically significant lesser in patients with RRMS than in controls. In the optic disc OCTA parameters, the vessel density of the inferior (50.15 ± 6.99% and 53.04 ± 3.63% p = 0.043) and temporal sector (48.09 ± 5.47% and 50.85 ± 5.24%, p = 0.045) were statistically significantly lesser in patients with RRMS than in controls. Conclusion: The reductions in vessel density of the retinal or peripapillary area of patients with RRMS shown in this study should be investigated further to determine whether it is a secondary lesion to optic neuritis (ON) or a primary vasculopathic condition of MS.

We aimed to evaluate dry eye diseases (DED) in patients with newly diagnosed depression and anxiety patients. Forty newly diagnosed depression, 35 anxiety patients, and 37 controls without any history of taking psychiatric drugs (or before the beginning of psychiatric medication) and topical ophthalmic drop use, were included in the study. All depression and anxiety diagnoses were performed by an experienced psychiatrist. Beck depression and anxiety tests were used to measure disease severity. Tear film break up time (TBUT), Schirmer’s test, Oxford scores and ocular surface disease index (OSDI) were admiinistered to participants. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography was used to measure tear meniscus heights (TMH), tear meniscus depths (TMD) and tear meniscus areas (TMA). In anxiety and depression groups, Schirmer’s test (mm) (7.24 ± 6.02, 6.58 ± 4.9 and 18.79 ± 4.9 respectively, p < 0.05) and TBUT (s) (5.62 ± 3.1, 5.6 ± 3.5 and 13.37 ± 1.7 respectively, p < 0.05) were significantly lower than control group. In addition, OSDI and Oxford scores were significantly higher than controls. OSDI scores were 28.01 ± 19, 30.43 ± 18.49, 14.38 ± 8.14 respectively (p = 0.002) and Oxford scores were 1.9 ± 0.7, 2.1 ± 0.6 and 0.7 ± 0.4 respectively (p = 0.001). TMD, TMH and TMA values were significantly lower in anxiety and depression groups compared with control groups. Correlations between disease inventory scores and dry eye tests were detected. This study showed a relation between DED and newly diagnosed anxiety and depression patients with no history of psychiatric drug use. The presence of correlation between dry eye tests and disease inventory scores strengthens this association. This is an important knowledge that need to be evaluated in these patients before starting psychiatric medication.

Rding to the American College of Rheumatology criteria. The choroidal thickness measurements of the subjects were obtained using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (RTVue-100, Optovue). Widespread pain index (WPI), symptom severity scale (SSS), and fibromyalgia impact questionnaire (FIQ) scores were recorded. The choroidal thickness measurements of the groups were compared, and correlations among the WPI, SSS, and FIQ scores and these measurements were calculated. Results: Choroidal thicknesses at 1500 μm nasally were 198.5 ± 46.7 μm and 306.3 ± 85.4 μm; at 1000 μm nasally were 211.7 ± 50.2 μm and 310.05 ± 87.26 μm; at 500 μm nasally were 216 ± 55.05 μm and 311.5 ± 83.4 μm; at subfoveal region were 230.9 ± 58.4 μm and 332.4 ± 91.3 μm; at 500 μm temporally 227.5 ± 58.1 μm and 318.15 ± 92.3 μm; at 1000 μm temporally 224.5 ± 57.07 μm and 315.1 ± 84.2 μm; at 1500 μm temporally 212.5 ± 56.08 μm and 312.9 ± 87.8 μm in the FM and control groups, respectively (P < 0.001). Choroidal thicknesses were thinner at all measurement location, except temporal 1000 and 1500 in patients with FIQ score ≥50 than in FIQ score <50. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that choroidal thickness decreases in patients with FM and correlated with disease activity. This choroidal changes might be related with the alterations in autonomic nervous system functioning. Further studies are needed to evaluate the etiopathologic relationship between choroidal thickness and FM....