Recent research has increasingly highlighted the significance of various forms of cell death in contributing to tumor heterogeneity and modulating anti-tumor immunity. However, the potential implications of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains poorly explored. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the expression profiles of 19 CRGs in LUAD based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Utilizing consensus clustering, we stratified the TCGA cohort into two distinct LUAD subtypes (Cluster 1 and Cluster 2). The expression of CDKN2A was further validated across multiple datasets, including TCGA, GEO, Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), and the Human Protein Atlas (HPA). The prognostic value of the CDKN2A was evaluated through univariate, multivariate, and survival analyses. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms associated with the CDKN2A. Additionally, we assessed the levels of immune cell infiltration in LUAD using the CIBERSORT, ESTIMATE, and XCELL algorithms. By systematically analyzing the genetic alterations of 19 CRGs in LUAD, we found 15 differentially expressed genes between LUAD and adjacent normal tissues. Subsequently, using the consensus clustering method, we classified LUAD patients into two molecular subtypes and cluster 2 had a poor prognosis. CDKN2A emerged as a key gene of interest, exhibiting elevated expression in LUAD and correlating with adverse patient outcomes. Moreover, immunoinfiltration analysis revealed differential levels of immune cell infiltration between the CDKN2A high and CDKN2A low expression groups. Our findings indicate that CDKN2A may serve as an effective prognostic biomarker for LUAD and may offer valuable insights into potential immunotherapeutic strategies for these patients. Not applicable.

Telomere length (TL) has been implicated in the risk assessment of numerous cancers in observational studies. Nevertheless, the relationship between TL and malignant lymphoma remains unclear, displaying inconsistent patterns across different studies. A summary dataset for genome-wide association study of TL and malignant lymphoma was acquired from the OpenGWAS website. An extensive 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed, encompassing various methodologies such as MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted mode, simple mode, and the primary method of inverse-variance weighting (IVW). Sensitivity evaluations were performed using the Cochran Q test, MR-Egger regression, and leave-one-out analysis. The main method IVW revealed that TL substantially increased the risk of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL; odds ratio [OR] = 2.135; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.181–3.859; P = .012). Both the IVW and weighted median methods indicated statistical associations between genetically predicted TL and other types of non-HL (OR = 1.671, 95% CI = 1.009–2.768, P = .045; OR = 2.310, 95% CI = 1.033–5.169, P = .042). However, there was no association between TL and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, or mature T/natural Killer-cell lymphoma, and sensitivity analysis revealed no heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy, indicating that the causal effect was robust. Our study shows that TL plays different roles in different types of lymphomas. A longer TL significantly increases the risk of HL and other types of non-HL.

The factors associated with early death in primary hepatopancreatobiliary non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (PHPB-NHL) patients have not been previously investigated. This study aimed to develop and validate a population-based nomogram for early death prediction in PHPB-NHL patients. Data on PHPB-NHL patients diagnosed from 2000 to 2021 were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database. Patients diagnosed between 2000 and 2015 formed the training cohort, while those from 2016 to 2021 represented the validation cohort. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses identified factors affecting early death, which were used to create a nomogram. The discriminatory ability, calibration, and clinical utility of the nomogram were evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration curves, and decision curve analysis, respectively. The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database identified 2802 PHPB-NHL patients from 2000 to 2021, with eligible patients divided into a training cohort (1240) and a validation cohort (509). In the training cohort, 29.4% (365/1240) experienced early death. Factors for early death included age, race, primary site, histological type, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, median household income, and time from diagnosis to treatment. A nomogram based on these factors showed good discrimination (AUC 0.815, 95% CI: 0.789–0.842) and was validated internally (optimism-corrected AUC 0.805, 95% CI: 0.780–0.831). Calibration curves showed strong agreement between predictions and actual outcomes. The validation cohort also showed good discrimination (AUC 0.827, 95% CI: 0.787–0.867) and calibration. Decision curve analysis indicated a positive net benefit. We developed and validated a nomogram to predict early death in PHPB-NHL patients, demonstrating strong predictive accuracy and clinical utility.

Reversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES) is known as a neuro-imaging syndrome with recurrent but reversible lesion of the corpus callosum, characterized by nonspecific but usually mild encephalopathies and specific imaging manifestations.There are few published reports in the field of oncology. A 33-year-old female with right breast cancer and with no particular family history was admitted to hospital with high fever and severe headache, after receiving adjuvant radiotherapy. Blood routine test upon admission suggested neutropenia, considering myelosuppression associated with radiotherapy. There were no definite findings of common pathogenic microorganism, and no imaging indication of certain infectious sites other than a likely reversible corpus callosum syndrome suggested by brain MRI, which was relieved after systemic antibiotic therapy and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor injection. Reversible splenial lesion syndrome is a kind of clinical-imaging syndrome with multiple clinical manifestations and etiologies. This breast cancer patient after postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy develops a complication of RESLES that rings an alarm bell to the oncologists not to easily recognize the corpus callosum lesion as infarction or metastasis. Meanwhile, the potential pathogenic mechanisms need to be explored further.

NUT carcinoma is a rare and aggressive lung tumor driven by NUTM1 gene rearrangements. It accounts for less than 1% of all lung cancers, with fewer than 100 cases reported worldwide. The disease is often misdiagnosed due to non-specific symptoms and histological overlap with other tumors. This review provides an updated overview of its pathological features, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis, aiming to serve as a practical reference for clinicians and pathologists.