Lectinas obtenidas de diferentes géneros de la familia Lamiaceae que reconocen el antígeno Tn, presente en eritrocitos enzimáticamente modificados y en células cancerosas han sido de especial interés. En este trabajo describimos y comparamos la extracción de lectinas Tn específica de semillas y de células cultivadas in vitro de Salvia palifolia e Hyptis mutabilis. Los somaclones que produjeron lectina fueron cultivado en medio suplementado con 2-4-D y 6-BAP, el esquema de purificación de las lectinas incluyo, extracción con PBS, precipitación con etanol al 75%, intercambio iónico, y cromatografía de afinidad. La actividad de le lectina fue monitoreada por el método de ELISA y aglutinación de eritrocitos modificados enzimáticamente. El ensayo de SDS-PAGE de la lectina de H. mutabilis mostro dos bandas con un Mr de 55 y 51 kDa en contraste con el peso molecular determinado por la técnica de filtración en gel de 82 kDa, la proteína es una glicoproteína con 27.7% de azucares neutros. El ensayo de SDS-PAGE de la lectina de S. palifolia mostro dos bandas de 64 y 58 kDa, mientras que por la técnica de filtración en gel se detectó una única proteína con 77 kDa y con un 23.8% de azucares. Caracterizamos las lectinas Tn-especificas con respecto a su pI, composición de aminoácidos, secuencia N-terminal, y actividad de carbohidratos inhibidores.

The carnation is one of the most important products for export in the floriculture industry of Colombia. Fusariosis (a disease resulting from presence of Fusarium) appears on the crops in two forms: vascular wilt and basal rot. The first is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi, which is a well-characterized disease. The second, caused by Fusarium verticillioides (previously Fusarium roseum), is a non-characterized disease and its development in the plant has not been described in detail. The symptoms of basal rot were differentiated from vascular wilt, through infection of plants in the greenhouse, with isolates of F. verticillioides and F. oxysporum obtained from lesions of symptomatic plants. The fungi morphological characterization allowed differentiation of the isolates of these two species and their growth habits on different media. The sequencing of 8 different genes with more than 13 amplicons in the 2 species showed genetic differences that grouped the isolates into different taxa. Multilocus sequence typing analysis using DNA sequences of 8 different genetic regions confirmed the presence of F. verticillioides. In this study, the role of F. verticillioides was demonstrated in the stems of carnation in commercial crops that presented pathogenic lesions. According to the results of the study, F. verticillioides is the etiological agent that produces the basal rotting in carnation plants, alone or in association with F. oxysporum.

Background and Objective: Carnations (Dianthus caryophyllus) are a major export in global floriculture, but their production is threatened by fusariosis, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi (FOX), a pathogen responsible for vascular wilt and significant yield losses. This study aimed to investigate the gene expression patterns in carnation cells in response to FOX infection. Materials and Methods: Carnation varieties with known susceptibility or resistance to FOX were selected. Leaf explants were cultured in vitro on MS media with 2,4-D to produce undifferentiated cells. Elicitation was performed by exposing these cells to FOX conidia. The mRNA was extracted using the Trizol^® method and purified with the NucleoSpin mRNA^® kit. De novo transcriptome sequencing was carried out using the TruSeq Stranded mRNA LT Sample Prep Kit and the NovoSeq 6000 S4 Reagent Kit by Macrogen (Korea). Unigenes were identified using the CD-HIT-EST program, annotated against public databases, and analyzed for predicted Open Reading Frames (ORFs). Results: A total of 85,669 unigenes were identified, of which 32,101 (37.4%) were successfully annotated. Differential expression analysis revealed significant variations in gene expression between elicited and non-elicited cells in resistant and susceptible varieties. Key genes such as Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, Anthocyanin 5-O-glucosyltransferase, Beta-1,3-glucanase, and Chitinase 4-like glycosyl hydrolase showed altered expression, along with 24 other genes potentially involved in plant defense mechanisms. Conclusion: The findings indicate that FOX infection induces a multigene, multivariate response in carnation cells. Gene expression patterns differ significantly between resistant and susceptible varieties, highlighting the complex genetic basis of resistance. These insights can contribute to more efficient breeding strategies for developing FOX-resistant carnation cultivars. APA-7 Style Filgueira-Duarte, J.J., Londoño-Serna, D., Hoyos-Carvajal, L.M. (2025). Gene Expression in Carnation Cells Induced by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi. Asian Journal of Plant Pathology, 19(1), 61-71. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajpp.2025.61.71 ACS Style Filgueira-Duarte, J.J.; Londoño-Serna, D.; Hoyos-Carvajal, L.M. Gene Expression in Carnation Cells Induced by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi. Asian J. Plant Pathol. 2025, 19, 61-71. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajpp.2025.61.71 AMA Style Filgueira-Duarte JJ, Londoño-Serna D, Hoyos-Carvajal LM. Gene Expression in Carnation Cells Induced by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi. Asian Journal of Plant Pathology. 2025; 19(1): 61-71. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajpp.2025.61.71 Chicago/Turabian Style Filgueira-Duarte, Juan, José, Daniela Londoño-Serna, and Liliana María Hoyos-Carvajal. 2025. "Gene Expression in Carnation Cells Induced by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi" Asian Journal of Plant Pathology 19, no. 1: 61-71. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajpp.2025.61.71