Beyond the inaugural synthesis of multi-layered Ti₃C₂T_xby etching Ti₃AlC₂with hydrofluoric acid (HF), novel routes with a myriad of reducing agents, etchants and intercalants have since been explored and have added many new members to the two-dimensional (2D) material constellation.

A general strategy for hydrophobic 2D Ti₃C₂MXene membrane fabrication for efficient and stable solar desalination.