Background and aims: Mobile phone addiction (MPA) is frequently reported to be correlated with anxiety, depression, stress, impulsivity, and sleep quality among college students. However, to date, there is no consensus on the extent to which those factors are correlated with MPA among college students. We thus performed a meta-analysis to quantitatively synthesize the previous findings.Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted by searching PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), and Chinese Biological Medicine (CBM) databases from inception to August 1, 2020. Pooled Pearson's correlation coefficients between MPA and anxiety, depression, impulsivity, and sleep quality were calculated by R software using random effects model.Results: Forty studies involving a total of 33, 650 college students were identified. Weak-to-moderate positive correlations were found between MPA and anxiety, depression, impulsivity and sleep quality (anxiety: summary r = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.34–0.45, P < 0.001, I² = 84.9%; depression: summary r = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.32–0.40, P < 0.001, I² = 84.2%; impulsivity: summary r = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.28–0.47, P < 0.001, I² = 94.7%; sleep quality: summary r = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.22–0.33, P < 0.001, I² = 85.6%). The pooled correlations revealed some discrepancies when stratified by some moderators. The robustness of our findings was further confirmed by sensitivity analyses.Conclusions: The current meta-analysis provided solid evidence that MPA was positively correlated with anxiety, depression, impulsivity, and sleep quality. This indicated that college students with MPA were more likely to develop high levels of anxiety, depression, and impulsivity and suffer from poor sleep quality. More studies, especially large prospective studies, are warranted to verify our findings.

Aims: High systolic blood pressure (HSBP), a significant public health challenge, has not been systematically studied in the elderly population in the context of global aging. Understanding the temporal trends of the disease burden associated with HSBP in the elderly population is essential to control and mitigate the harm caused by HSBP. Methods and results: We used the estimated data derived from the Global Burden of Disease Study to analyse the disease burden of HSBP among the elderly population by region, sex, and temporal changes from 1990 to 2019. We found that the number of deaths due to HSBP increased to 7.86 (95% UI: 6.89–8.82) million, with an increase of 54.1%, and the number of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) increased to 146 (95% UI: 130–162) million, with an increase of 52.4%. Conversely, the death and DALY rates of HSBP decreased by −27.0 and −27.8%, respectively. At the national and regional levels, Australasia and other high socio-demographic index regions have made significant improvements in the burden of HSBP, while it remains high in other regions of the world. Additionally, the burden of HSBP in older men is greater than that in older women. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the current prevention and control of HSBP in older adults is poor, with the total burden increasing significantly. There is an urgent need to implement feasible measures to resist HSBP and lessen the disparity of the global HSBP burden for older adults.

Radiofrequency (RF) treatment is an invasive and promising procedure in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). A meta-analysis based on 12 RCT studies was to investigate whether invasive RF treatment is more effective in relieving knee pain and improving knee function. Relevant studies were searched on database of Pubmed, Embase, EBSCO, Cochrane library, Wanfang digital database, VIP database, and CNKI up to January 2018. A total of 841 participants from 12 publications were included. The weighted mean difference (WMD) and the corresponding 95% CIs were used to evaluate the difference in pain scores and OKS/WOMAC scores between RF treatment and control groups. The statistical analysis was performed by Stata 12.0. The pain scores (VAS) in the RF group were lower than those in the conservative treatment group after 1 week (WMD -1.77, 95% CI -2.93 to -0.61, P<0.01), 1 month (WMD -1.40, 95% CI -1.98 to -0.82, P<0.01), and 3 months (WMD -1.32, 95% CI -2.27 to -0.37, P<0.01) of treatment, while there was no significant improvement in knee function. In subgroup analyses by site of radiofrequency, RF mode showed some discrepancies in the WMD of VAS between the treatment and control groups. In addition, subgroup analysis and meta-regression showed that the efficacy of RF treatment for reducing pain is reversely related to female ratio, and we did not find any surgery-related adverse reactions. RF treatment significantly reduces the knee pain, but rarely improves the knee joint function. Radiofrequency ablation has better efficacy than pulsed radiofrequency ablation in reducing pain. Furthermore, subgroup analysis and meta-regression suggested that women are more sensitive to RF treatment than men.

Background: The utility of echocardiographic left ventricular (LV) geometry in the prediction of stroke/coronary heart disease (CHD) and all-cause mortality is not well characterized. This study aimed to evaluate the overall and sex-specific prognostic value of different geometric patterns on the incidence of stroke/CHD and all-cause mortality in a Chinese population-based cohort. Methods: We conducted a prospective study in the general population in Northeast China, and a total of 9940 participants aged ≥ 35 years underwent echocardiography for LV geometry and were successfully followed up for incident stroke/CHD and all-cause death. Cox proportional hazards models were utilized to estimate the association of baseline LV geometry with adverse outcomes. Results: Over a median follow-up of 4.66 years, abnormal LV geometric patterns had increased crude incident rates of stroke/CHD and all-cause mortality compared with normal geometry in overall population and each sex group (all P < 0.05). Multivariable Cox analysis reported that LV concentric and eccentric hypertrophy were associated with incident stroke/CHD (concentric hypertrophy: hazard ratio (HR) = 1.39, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.04–1.86; eccentric hypertrophy: HR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.11–1.82) and all-cause mortality (concentric hypertrophy: HR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.07–2.12; eccentric hypertrophy: HR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.19–2.10), and LV concentric remodeling was related to stroke/CHD incidence (HR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.09–1.84) in total population compared to normal geometry after the adjustment for potential confounders. In men, a significant increase was observed from LV eccentric hypertrophy for incident stroke/CHD, whereas in women, LV concentric hypertrophy was associated with elevated incidence of both stroke/CHD and all-cause death, and eccentric hypertrophy was correlated with increased all-cause mortality (all P < 0.05). Conclusions: Our prospective cohort supports that abnormal LV geometry by echocardiography has a prognostic significance for incident stroke/CHD and all-cause mortality, implying that early detection and intervention of LV structural remodeling in rural China are urgently needed to prevent adverse outcomes.

Objectives To investigate the associations between echocardiographic left atrial (LA) size and incident stoke and stroke cause mortality among a rural population in China. Design A prospective study. Setting and participants Based on the Northeast China Rural Cardiovascular Health Study, we selected a total of 10 041 participants aged ≥35 years who agreed to have transthoracic echocardiography at baseline and were successfully followed up for incident stoke and stroke cause mortality. Primary outcome measure The outcomes were stroke and stroke cause death according to medical records and death certificates during the follow-up period. Results LA enlargement (LAE) group had a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease than normal LA diameter (LAD) group. After excluding individuals who had a prior stroke, subjects with LAE showed higher incident rates of stroke and its mortality in the overall and specific stratified analyses (all p<0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that LAE could predict stroke incidence and stroke-free survival, but the association was no longer observed after the adjustment for potential confounding factors. Cox regression analysis reported that per 1 SD increment in LAD and LAD/body surface area (BSA) was associated with an increased incidence of stroke (LAD: HR=1.20, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.33, p<0.001; LAD/BSA: HR=1.22, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.35, p<0.001) and stroke cause mortality (LAD: HR=1.27, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.50, p<0.01; LAD/BSA: HR=1.41, 95% CI 1.20 to 1.65, p<0.001) in the total population, and similar trends were found in both genders (all p<0.05). LAD or LAD/BSA was related to ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke incidence, and the risk of ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke mortality (all p<0.05). The dose–response curves further suggested linear associations between LAD, LAD/BSA and the incidence of stroke and subsequent mortality in the general population (all p<0.05). Conclusions Our population-based study implied that LA size, especially LAD and LAD/BSA, might be useful echocardiographic biomarkers that had the potential to predict incident stroke and stroke cause mortality.