Schizophrenia (SZ) is a common and severe brain disorder associated with poor functional outcome. Several lines of evidence suggest that mitochondrial and bioenergetic abnormalities are associated with SZ.^1-3 These include the following: (1) abnormal levels of metabolites involved in energy metabolism (phosphocreatine [PCr] and adenosine triphosphate [ATP]) reported using ³¹P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS),^4-7 (2) creatine reported using proton MRS,^4,8 (3) dysfunctional oxidative phosphorylation,⁹ and (4) altered mitochondria-related gene expression observed in postmortem studies.^2,10 Because energy production is essential for numerous metabolic pathways and for neurotransmitter cycling in the brain, abnormalities in these processes will affect all aspects of brain function. In vivo probes of mitochondrial function and energy metabolism would provide crucial information to characterize the exact bioenergetic abnormalities in SZ and delineate their relationship to pathophysiology and symptom formation.