Background: There is evidence suggesting that the use of health services is lower among immigrants after adjusting for age and sex. This study takes a step forward to compare primary care (PC) utilisation patterns between immigrants and the native population with regard to their morbidity burden. Methods: This retrospective, observational study looked at 69,067 individuals representing the entire population assigned to three urban PC centres in the city of Zaragoza (Aragon, Spain). Poisson models were applied to determine the number of annual PC consultations per individual based on immigration status. All models were first adjusted for age and sex and then for age, sex and case mix (ACG System^®). Results: The age and sex adjusted mean number of total annual consultations was lower among the immigrant population (children: IRR = 0.79, p < 0.05; adults: IRR = 0.73, p < 0.05). After adjusting for morbidity burden, this difference decreased among children (IRR = 0.94, p < 0.05) and disappeared among adults (IRR = 1.00). Further analysis considering the PC health service and type of visit revealed higher usage of routine diagnostic tests among immigrant children (IRR = 1.77, p < 0.05) and a higher usage of emergency services among the immigrant adult population (IRR = 1.2, p < 0.05) after adjusting for age, sex and case mix. Conclusions: Although immigrants make lower use of PC services than the native population after adjusting the consultation rate for age and sex, these differences decrease significantly when considering their morbidity burden. These results reinforce the 'healthy migration effect' and discount the existence of differences in PC utilisation patterns between the immigrant and native populations in Spain.

Introduction: The 2019 new coronavirus disease was diagnosed in December 2019 in Wuhan (China), declaring a global pandemic in March. Epidemics generate fear, anxiety and anguish amongst the general population, and amongst health personnel (especially in nursing), the COVID-19 pandemic has been no exception. The objective of the study was to analyze the psycho-emotional impact of COVID-19 among nurses in the province of Huesca.Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study, approved by the Ethics Committee. With prior informed consent, anonymously and voluntarily, the participants filled out a questionnaire on psychological symptoms, using the DASS-21© scale, the ISI©, the MBI© and the FCV 19S© scales, also collecting sociodemographic, professional and COVID-19 associated variables.Results: The sample consisted of 196 nurses. 16,8% presented depression, 46,4% anxiety, 22,4% stress and 77,6% insomnia, with higher levels amongst the eldest, permanently employed, more experienced nurses, risk comorbidities, less leisure and more hours of work. Psychological Exhaustion (Burnout Syndrome) was detected in 50,5% and fear of coronavirus-19 in 46,9%, variables such as having a position in a COVID-19 unit, more experienced, being a Specialized Care Nurse and not living with family members, triggered greater symptomatology. Regression analyzes showed that the COVID-19 infection was a common risk factor.Conclusions: The SARS CoV-2 health crisis has generated a relevant psychological impact among nursing staff. Therefore, they should be offered psychological support to reduce it and thus ensure their mental health and the valuable care they provide. Introducción: La enfermedad por el nuevo coronavirus 2019 se diagnosticó en diciembre de 2019 en Wuhan (China), declarándose en marzo pandemia mundial. Las epidemias generan miedo, ansiedad y angustia en la población general, y entre el personal sanitario (especialmente en enfermería), la pandemia del COVID-19 no ha sido una excepción. Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el impacto psicoemocional del COVID-19 entre los enfermeros de la provincia de Huesca.Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal, aprobado por el Comité Ético. Previo consentimiento informado, anónima y voluntariamente, los participantes diligenciaron un cuestionario sobre síntomas psicológicos, sirviéndose de la escala DASS-21©, del ISI©, del MBI© y de la FCV 19S©, recopilando además variables sociodemográficas, profesionales y asociadas al COVID-19.Resultados: La muestra se conformó por 196 enfermeros. El 16,8% presentaron depresión, el 46,4% ansiedad, el 22,4% estrés y el 77,6% insomnio, con mayores niveles entre los enfermeros de más edad, fijos, con mayor experiencia, comorbilidades de riesgo, menos ocio y más horas de trabajo. Se detectó burnout en el 50,5% y miedo al coronavirus-19 en el 46,9%, variables como tener el puesto en una unidad COVID-19, más experiencia, ser Enfermero de Atención Especializada y no convivir con familiares, desencadenaron mayor sintomatología. Los análisis de regresión mostraron que la infección por COVID-19 constituyó un factor de riesgo común.Conclusiones: La crisis sanitaria del SARS CoV-2 ha generado un relevante impacto psicológico entre enfermería. Por ello, se les debería ofrecer apoyo psicológico para reducirlo y así asegurar su salud mental y los valiosos cuidados que otorgan.

Objetivos: Conocer la salud autopercibida, estilo de vida, capacidad funcional y relación existente entre ellas, en un grupo de adultos mayores de un centro de atención primaria rural. Métodos: Estudio observacional transversal. Los participantes diligenciaron un cuestionario compuesto por datos sociodemográficos, clínicos, de apoyo sociofamiliar, ligados al COVID-19 y 5 escalas: MEDAS-1, RAPA, Barthel, SARC-F y SF-36. Las variables se analizaron mediante contrastes de hipótesis y coeficiente de Pearson, considerando la significación estadística con un p<0.05. Resultados: La muestra se conformó por 142 adultos mayores, con una edad media de 75.85 años. La mayoría estaban casados, tenían estudios primarios, no eran cuidadores, no tenían hábitos tóxicos, estaban polimedicados, tomaban psicofármacos y no padecían temor ante el COVID-19. La muestra presentó globalmente normopeso, el 48.6% demostró una adherencia alta a la Dieta Mediterránea (DM), el 35.9% eran moderadamente activos, el 54.9% indicaron tener independencia para las ABVD y el 75.4% mostraron bajo riesgo de sarcopenia. La percepción de la salud de la muestra fue inferior en la mayoría de las subescalas analizadas del SF-36 que la de la población de referencia, siendo inferior en mujeres y conforme avanza de la edad. Los adultos mayores con baja adhesión a la DM, sedentarios, dependientes y con sarcopenia mostraron inferior percepción de salud. Los participantes con baja adhesión a la DM eran más sedentarios y los más dependientes tenían más riesgo de sarcopenia. Conclusiones: Un estilo de vida inadecuado y la limitación funcional reducen significativamente la autopercepción de la salud, debiendo intervenir para corregirlas.

The computerisation of primary health care (PHC) records offers the opportunity to focus on pharmacy expenditure from the perspective of the morbidity of individuals. The objective of the present study was to analyse the behaviour of pharmacy expenditure within different morbidity groups. We paid special attention to the identification of individuals who had higher values of pharmacy expenditure than their morbidity would otherwise suggest (i.e. outliers).

Background/Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease whose importance rises with aging, though it is also looming large in younger populations due to increasing obesity. Its effects may damage renal and heart functioning. Plasma biomarkers of T2DM have been shown through metabolomic studies under different conditions, mainly obesity, but untargeted metabolomic studies on T2DM are lacking for elderly people. Methods: A UPLC-MS-based metabolomic approach was conducted to ascertain potential plasma biomarkers in a cohort older than 65 years. Results: The dipeptide Gly-His, along with diverse lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs), mainly LPC(14:0) and LPC(20:4), and three gangliosides were found to have different plasma content in T2DM subjects compared to control (non-diabetic) subjects (NT2DM). LPC(20:4) exhibited a gender dependence, with statistically significant differences only in females. Gly-His correlated with MEDAS-14, whereas LPC(14:0) correlated with sugar-rich food consumption. Conclusions: As previously demonstrated for other conditions, mainly obesity, altered lipid metabolism was shown in this study to be a hallmark of T2DM in elderly people also.