With global ecological problems and uncertainties in the international economy, the resilience of the wood supply chain is becoming important for the sustainable development of the wood industry. Heilongjiang Province is a key region for wood production and consumption in China. However, it faces many internal and external challenges in its wood supply chain. This paper uses a system dynamics method to build a wood supply chain model for Heilongjiang Province with Anylogic. It includes resilience factors from infrastructure, economic, and ecological perspectives. The goal is to find the system’s dynamics and how different factors influence and interact with each other. The results show that relying on overseas raw materials makes supply chain management more difficult. Logistics information platforms are essential for better coordination. The manufacturing sector does not respond well, so improving manufacturing efficiency is necessary to increase the system’s efficiency. The sales sector is affected by changes in market demand. Balancing the consumption of domestic and international customer groups can help stabilize production and sales. This study explains the current situation of the wood supply chain in Heilongjiang Province. It provides a theoretical basis for regional wood supply chain management and offers useful insights for improving supply chain resilience in other similar regions.

In the context of global timber supply chains facing policy adjustments, resource fluctuations, and market uncertainties, this study focuses on the resilience of the Sino-Russian timber supply chain. A system dynamics (SD) model is developed to analyze the dynamic evolution of the key segments. By integrating the entropy weight–TOPSIS method, the research quantitatively assesses overall supply chain resilience by synthesizing data from four capability dimensions—Russian logistics and transportation capability, Russian primary wood processing capability, Sino-Russian timber import–export capability, and Heilongjiang furniture sales capability—over the 2017–2033 period. Results indicate a “first decline, then rise” trajectory for resilience, with a minimum normalized resilience index of 0.1549 recorded in 2021, followed by a gradual recovery and sustained strengthening thereafter. Among evaluated segments, Russian logistics demonstrates the strongest short-term shock resistance (36.2% reduction in minimum resilience), while Heilongjiang’s sales segment exhibits optimal long-term recoverability (the normalized resilience index increased by an average of 0.0363 units per year during the recovery phase). Based on these findings, a “short-term logistics enhancement–long-term demand-driven” strategy is proposed to improve resilience, providing actionable insights for the high-quality development of the Sino-Russian timber supply chain.

Digital intelligent supply chains strengthen industrial resilience and optimize economic efficiency in the timber industry. Information asymmetry and low collaboration efficiency remain key challenges across the timber supply chain. This study develops a three-party evolutionary game model examining digital collaboration between timber production and processing enterprises, finished product distribution and retail enterprises, and third-party service providers, introducing third-party service providers alongside traditional production and distribution enterprises. The model incorporates novel parameters including information sharing degree, value-added reliability gains, and free-riding coefficients to reflect real-world circumstances. Through equilibrium simulation and analysis, we identify four possible evolutionary states. The results demonstrate that successful digital collaboration in timber supply chains relies on three conditions: a high level of initial stakeholder involvement accelerates the formation of supply chain digital intelligent collaborative mechanisms, equitable benefit distribution maintains long-term cooperation, and integrated third-party services reduce implementation costs while improving information reliability. These findings provide a new perspective and reference for timber enterprises to implement digital transformation strategies.