Background/Objectives: Glaucoma is a global health concern, with an anticipated rise from 64.5 million cases in 2014 to 112 million by 2040. In Saudi Arabia, it contributes to 5.7% of visual impairment cases. Early detection through routine eye exams is crucial, as glaucoma often progresses asymptomatically, leading to irreversible vision loss if left untreated. The present study aims to determine the prevalence of glaucoma in the Hail region of Saudi Arabia. Methods: For this cross-sectional study, a sample of 200 participants underwent demographic assessment, and a Bayesian Risk Estimation Model was employed to analyze determinants such as age, gender, education, and comorbidities. Results: The cross-sectional study in the Hail region of Saudi Arabia involving 9407 outpatients revealed a glaucoma prevalence of 2.1%, with key factors influencing glaucoma risk identified, including age (60–69 years with a 43.38% chance), illiteracy (22.58% chance), and comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus (16.10% chance) and cataract (15.40% chance). Conclusions: In conclusion, the study in the Hail region highlights a 2.1% prevalence of glaucoma, emphasizing the significant impact of age, education, and comorbidities on glaucoma risk. These findings underscore the importance of targeted interventions for at-risk populations to enhance glaucoma management and prevention efforts.